Posoperatorio inmediato de trasplante pulmonar: mapeo de intervenciones de enfermería

OBJETIVOS: conocer las principales intervenciones/acciones de enfermería prescritas para el posoperatorio inmediato de los receptores de trasplante pulmonar, registrados en las fichas médicas y mapear esas prescripciones con la taxonomía Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). MÉTODO: investigación documental retrospectiva compuesta por 183 fichas médicas de pacientes sometidos a trasplante pulmonar (2007/2012). Los datos del perfil de los pacientes fueron agrupados de acuerdo con las variables investigadas y sometidos al análisis descriptivo. Las intervenciones de enfermería prescritas fueron analizadas por el método del mapeo cruzado con las intervenciones relacionadas en la NIC. Se excluyeron las fichas médicas sin prescripciones de enfermería. RESULTADOS: la mayoría de los pacientes era hombre, con diagnóstico médico de fibrosis pulmonar, sometidos a trasplante pulmonar con donador fallecido. Se encontraron 26 intervenciones/acciones más citadas. La mayoría (91,6%) pertenecía a los dominios fisiológicos complejo y básico de la NIC. No fue posible mapear dos acciones prescritas por los enfermeros. CONCLUSIONES: se identificó que las principales prescripciones contenían cuidados generales de posoperatorio de cirugías de gran porte, y no individualizadas para paciente en posoperatorio de trasplante pulmonar. Los cuidados relacionados al dolor fueron subestimados en las prescripciones. El mapeo con la taxonomía puede contribuir para la elaboración del plan de cuidados y la utilización de sistemas computarizados en esta compleja modalidad terapéutica.OBJETIVOS: conhecer as principais intervenções/ações de enfermagem prescritas no pós-operatório imediato dos receptores de transplante pulmonar, registradas nos prontuários, e mapear com a taxonomia Nursing Interventions Classification. MÉTODO: pesquisa documental retrospectiva, composta por 183 prontuários de pacientes submetidos a transplante pulmonar (2007/2012). Os dados do perfil dos pacientes foram agrupados de acordo com as variáveis investigadas e submetidos às análises descritivas. As intervenções de enfermagem prescritas foram analisadas pelo método de mapeamento cruzado com as intervenções relacionadas na Nursing Interventions Classification. Excluíram-se prontuários sem prescrições de enfermagem. RESULTADOS: a maioria dos pacientes era composta por homens, com diagnóstico médico de fibrose pulmonar e submetidos a transplante pulmonar com doador falecido. Encontraram-se 26 intervenções/ações mais citadas. A maioria (91,6%) alocou-se nos domínios fisiológico complexo e básico da Classification Nursing Information. Não foi possível mapear duas ações prescritas pelos enfermeiros. CONCLUSÕES: identificou-se que as principais prescrições continham cuidados gerais de pós-operatório de cirurgias de grande porte, e não individualizadas ao paciente em pós-operatório de transplante pulmonar. Cuidados relacionados à dor foram subestimados nas prescrições. O mapeamento com a taxonomia pode contribuir para a elaboração do plano de cuidados e utilização de sistemas informatizados nessa complexa modalidade terapêutica.OBJECTIVES: to investigate the principle nursing interventions/actions, prescribed in the immediate post-operative period for patients who receive lung transplantation, recorded in the medical records, and to map these using the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) taxonomy. METHOD: retrospective documental research using 183 medical records of patients who received lung transplantation (2007/2012). The data of the patients' profile were grouped in accordance with the variables investigated, and submitted to descriptive analysis. The nursing interventions prescribed were analyzed using the method of cross-mapping with the related interventions in the NIC. Medical records which did not contain nursing prescriptions were excluded. RESULTS: the majority of the patients were male, with medical diagnoses of pulmonary fibrosis, and underwent lung transplantation from a deceased donor. A total of 26 most frequently-cited interventions/actions were found. The majority (91.6%) were in the complex and basic physiological domains of the NIC. It was not possible to map two actions prescribed by the nurses. CONCLUSIONS: it was identified that the main prescriptions contained general care for the postoperative period of major surgery, rather than prescriptions individualized to the patient in the postoperative period following lung transplantation. Care measures related to pain were underestimated in the prescriptions. The mapping with the taxonomy can contribute to the elaboration of the care plan and to the use of computerized systems in this complex mode of therapy

Associação dos fatores demográficos, clínicos e do manejo terapêutico no desfecho de pacientes sépticos atendidos em uma emergência hospitalar

Aim: To identify the association of demographic, clinical and therapeutic management aspects with the outcome of patients diagnosed with sepsis in a hospital emergency. Method: retrospective documentary, 312 records of septic patients, descriptive analysis, comparisons of categorical data were used using Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, with Monte Carlo correction. Results: mean age 65 (± 17.66) years, 51.3% were women, 52.6% hypertensive, 28.5% diabetic, 27.2% heart disease, 74% diagnosed with sepsis 52.3% infectious pulmonary focus. There is an association between demographic variables and outcomes (p <0.05). History of stroke, cirrhosis, heart disease, and septic shock are associated with death (p <0.05). Warning signs and organ dysfunction evaluated are associated with the outcome. Infectious focus (p = 1) and tachycardia (p = 0.823) has no association with outcome or severity of sepsis (p = 0.120). Conclusion: there is an association between patient demographic profile, comorbidities, organ dysfunction and therapeutic management, with sepsis severity and outcome.Objetivo: identificar la asociación de los aspectos demográficos, clínicos y terapeuticos en el resultado de pacientes diagnosticados con sepsis en una emergencia hospitalar. Método: documental retrospectivo, se utilizaron 312 registros de pacientes sépticos, análisis descriptivo, comparaciones de datos categóricos utilizando Chi-cuadrado o pruebas exactas de Fisher, con corrección de Monte Carlo. Resultados: edad media 65 (± 17.66) años, 51.3% eran mujeres, 52.6% hipertensos, 28.5% diabéticos, 27.2% enfermedades del corazón, 74% diagnosticados con sepsis 52.3% foco pulmonar infeccioso. Existe una asociación entre las variables demográficas y los resultados (p <0.05). Los antecedentes de accidente cerebrovascular, cirrosis, enfermedad cardíaca y shock séptico están asociados con la muerte (p <0.05). Las señales de advertencia y la disfunción orgánica evaluada están asociadas con el resultado. El foco infeccioso (p = 1) y la taquicardia (p = 0.823) no tienen asociación con el resultado o la gravedad de la sepsis (p = 0.120). Conclusión: existe una asociación entre el perfil demográfico del paciente, las comorbilidades, la disfunción orgánica y el tratamiento terapéutico, con la severidad y el resultado de la sepsis.Objetivo: identificar a associação dos aspectos demográficos, clínicos e do manejo terapêutico no desfecho dos pacientes diagnosticados com sepse em uma emergência hospitalar. Método: documental retrospectivo, 312 prontuários de pacientes sépticos, realizado análise descritiva, comparações de dados categóricos utilizaram-se os Testes de Qui quadrado ou Exato de Fisher, com correção de Monte Carlo. Resultados: idade média 65 (±17,66) anos, 51,3% eram mulheres, 52,6% hipertensos, 28,5% diabéticos, 27,2% cardiopatas, 74% diagnosticados com sepse 52,3% foco infeccioso pulmonar. Existe associação entre as variáveis demográficas e os desfechos (p<0,05). Histórico de acidente vascular encefálico, cirrose, cardiopatia e choque séptico associam-se ao óbito (p<0,05). Sinais de alerta e disfunções orgânicas avaliadas associam-se ao desfecho. Foco infeccioso (p=1) e taquicardia (p=0,823) não tem associação com desfecho nem com gravidade da sepse (p=0,120). Conclusão: há associação entre o perfil demográfico do paciente, comorbidades, disfunções orgânicas e manejo terapêutico, com a gravidade da sepse e o desfecho. 

The immediate post-operative period following lung transplantation: mapping of nursing interventions

OBJECTIVES: to investigate the principle nursing interventions/actions, prescribed in the immediate post-operative period for patients who receive lung transplantation, recorded in the medical records, and to map these using the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) taxonomy.METHOD: retrospective documental research using 183 medical records of patients who received lung transplantation (2007/2012). The data of the patients' profile were grouped in accordance with the variables investigated, and submitted to descriptive analysis. The nursing interventions prescribed were analyzed using the method of cross-mapping with the related interventions in the NIC. Medical records which did not contain nursing prescriptions were excluded.RESULTS: the majority of the patients were male, with medical diagnoses of pulmonary fibrosis, and underwent lung transplantation from a deceased donor. A total of 26 most frequently-cited interventions/actions were found. The majority (91.6%) were in the complex and basic physiological domains of the NIC. It was not possible to map two actions prescribed by the nurses.CONCLUSIONS: it was identified that the main prescriptions contained general care for the postoperative period of major surgery, rather than prescriptions individualized to the patient in the postoperative period following lung transplantation. Care measures related to pain were underestimated in the prescriptions. The mapping with the taxonomy can contribute to the elaboration of the care plan and to the use of computerized systems in this complex mode of therapy

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data