Sanitary status of the Grapevine germplasm collection in Republic of Srpska

In July 2015, 179 grapevine plants belonging to 16 grapevine autochthonous cultivars were assessed for sanitary status using DAS ELISA test for the presence of: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2) and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). Furthermore, survey for the phytoplasma presence and laboratory analyses using nested-PCR/RFLP assay was conducted at the beginning of September 2015 on grapevine cultivars which were not positive in DAS ELISA test for the presence of the four viruses. Out of 179 tested plants with DAS ELISA test, 146 (81%) were positive for the presence of at least one virus. The most widespread viruses were GFLaV-1 and GFLaV-3 with approximately 80 % of grapevines infected. Nested-PCR/RFLP assay showed that out of 33 tested samples 2 were positive for the presence of phytoplasmas from 16SrXII group. Sanitation of infected grapevine cultivars is needed in near future

Sanitary Status of the Grapevine Germplasm Collection in Republic of Srpska

In July 2015, 179 grapevine plants belonging to 16 grapevine autochthonous cultivars were assessed for sanitary status using DAS ELISA test for the presence of: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2)and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). Furthermore, surveyfor the phytoplasma presence and laboratory analyses using nested-PCR/RFLP assay was conducted at the beginning of September 2015 on grapevine cultivars which were not positive in DAS ELISA test for the presence of the four viruses. Out of 179 tested plants with DAS ELISA test, 146 (81%) were positive for the presence of at least one virus. The most widespread viruses were GFLaV- 1 and GFLaV- 3 with approximately 80 % of grapevines infected. Nested–PCR/RFLP assay showed that out of 33 tested samples 2 were positive for the presence of phytoplasmas from 16SrXII group. Sanitation of infected grapevine cultivars is needed in near future

Detection and phylogenetic analyses of fig-infecting viruses in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro

During spring 2016, a survey was carried out in Bosnian-Herzegovinian (BiH) and Montenegrin (MNE) fig orchards, germplasm collection plots and outdoor gardens, to investigate the presence of unreported fig viruses possibly present in both countries, i.e. Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 2 (FLMaV-2), Fig latent virus 1 (FLV-1), Fig cryptic virus 1 (FCV-1), Fig fleck-associated virus (FFkaV) and Fig badnavirus 1 (FBV-1); as well as those previously reported, i.e. Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 1 (FLMaV-1), Fig mild mottle-associated virus (FMMaV) and Fig mosaic emaravirus (FMV). A total of 84 fig samples (49 from BIH and 35 from MNE) were collected and tested by PCR/RT-PCR using sets of virus-specific primers. Results showed that FBV-1 was the prevailing virus with all samples (100%) infected, followed by FLMaV-1 (54%), FMV (35%), FMMaV (7%), FFkaV (6%) and FLMaV-2 (1%); whereas FLV-1 and FCV-1 were not detected. Excluding the FBV-1 detection, 35% of tested trees were infected with at least one other virus. Sequence analyses of PCR/RT-PCR fragments obtained from different viruses showed that FBV-1 was the least variable (0.9% of nucleotides divergent) compared with FLMaV-1 (15.7% sequence variation), FLMaV-2 (17.4%), FMMaV (14.9%), FMV (16.9%) and FFkaV (14.3%). Phylogenetic trees constructed with obtained sequences, together with their homologues retrieved from the Genbank database, showed distinct separation of the BiH and MNE isolates from those of different origins, in particular for FFkaV and FMV; whereas for closteroviruses (FLMaV-1, FLMaV-2 and FMMaV), there was no distinction between the isolates. This is the first report on sequence analyses of fig viruses in this geographical region, and of the presence of FBV-1 in BiH and MNE, and of FLMaV-2 and FFkaV

Sanitary status of Pome and Stone Fruit Collection in Gene Bank in Republic of Srpska

Detection of viruses presence were carried out for the 225 a of pome and stone fruit trees from the collection of the Genetic Resources Institute of University of Banja Luka, located within the Botanical Garden of the University, tested by DAS-ELISA. The pome fruit trees were analyzed on presence of the following viruses: Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus (ACLSV), Apple Stem Grooving Virus (ASGV), Apple Stem Pitting Virus (ASPV) and Apple Mosaic Virus (ApMV). The stone fruits were analyzed on presence of Plum Pox Virus (PPV), Prune Dwarf Virus (PDV) and Prunus Necrotic Ring Spot Virus (PNRSV). All samples were tested serologically by DAS-ELISA. In addition to this, virus negative pear and apple accessions were tested for 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri' presence using nested-PCR/RFLP analyses

Sanitary Status of Pome and Stone Fruit Collection in Gene Bank in Republic of Srpska

Detection of viruses presence were carried out for the 225 a of pome and stone fruit trees from the collection of the Genetic Resources Institute of University of Banja Luka, located within the Botanical Garden of the University, tested by DAS-ELISA. The pome fruit trees were analyzed on presence of the following viruses: Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus (ACLSV), Apple Stem Grooving Virus (ASGV), Apple Stem Pitting Virus (ASPV) and Apple Mosaic Virus (ApMV). The stone fruits were analyzed on presence of Plum Pox Virus (PPV), Prune Dwarf Virus (PDV) and Prunus Necrotic Ring Spot Virus (PNRSV). All samples were tested serologically by DAS-ELISA. In addition to this, virus negative pear and apple accessions were tested for 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri' presence using nested-PCR/RFLP analyses

Presence and Distribution of Grapevine Leafroll-associated Virus 1 and 3 in Bosnia and Herzegovina

There are over 50 different viruses and virus-like diseases infecting grapevines throughout the world. Viruses from the genera Ampelovirus and Closterovirus are causal agents of the most widespread disease known as grapevine leafroll (Grapevine leafroll virus, GLRV).There are currently nine different viruses associated with leafroll, but Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses 1 and 3 (GLRaV-1, 3) are the most commonly found.The most appreciated native grapevine cultivars in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) were chosen as objects of this research project. The Institute of Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Ornamental Plants in Banjaluka has started investigations in order to establish the phytosanitary status of grapevine in B&H. This investigation therefore aims to determine the presence and evaluate the distribution of GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 on local grapevine varieties.In October 2006, surveys of young and old vineyards were carried out in several localities in western and eastern parts of Herzegovina. Symptomatic and symptomless plants were sampled. All analyses were done in the Institute laboratory using ELISA test.The results enable new approaches and provide information about the presence and distribution of GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 on native grapevine cultivars in B&H

Effects of continuous fertilization on the cucumber seedling quality

The research on the effects of continuous fertilization on the cucumber seedling quality was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade. The examined cucumber plants grew under artificial light (MH 600W). In addition to light, temperature and relative air humidity were also controlled. The research was carried out on the hybrid cucumber Caman RZ. The plants were cultivated in 10.5 cm diameter pots filled with the Terracult TC 10 substrate. The experiment contained three variations. In the first variation (0 – control) the plants grew without fertilization. The plants from the second variation (1) were fertilized only once using the crystal fertilizer Fitofert Kristal (10:40:10), while the plants from the third variation (2) were continuously fertilized using the organic mineral fertilizer Fitofert Humistart (4:12:5). During the nursery period, the development of the examined plants was monitored on a weekly basis. The research lasted for 32 days (sowing/transplanting). There was a significant effect of fertilization on the development of cucumber seedlings. Also, it was proven that there was a positive impact of continuous fertilization on the reduction of the nursery period (economic efficiency).Časopis: [http://anale.agro-craiova.ro/index.php/aamc/issue/view/7