Bias-Compensated State of Charge and State of Health Joint Estimation for Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries

Accurate estimation of the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) is crucial for the safe and reliable operation of batteries. Voltage measurement bias highly affects state estimation accuracy, especially in Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) batteries, which are susceptible due to their flat open-circuit voltage (OCV) curves. This work introduces a bias-compensated algorithm to reliably estimate the SOC and SOH of LFP batteries under the influence of voltage measurement bias. Specifically, SOC and SOH are estimated using the Dual Extended Kalman Filter (DEKF) in the high-slope SOC range, where voltage measurement bias effects are weak. Besides, the voltage measurement biases estimated in the low-slope SOC regions are compensated in the following joint estimation of SOC and SOH to enhance the state estimation accuracy further. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the traditional method, which does not consider biases under different temperatures and aging conditions. Additionally, the bias-compensated algorithm can achieve low estimation errors of below 1.5% for SOC and 2% for SOH, even with a 30mV voltage measurement bias. Finally, even if the voltage measurement biases change in operation, the proposed algorithm can remain robust and keep the estimated errors of states around 2%.Comment: 9 pages and 8 figure

Multistage CC-CV Charge Method for Li-Ion Battery

Charging the Li-ion battery with constant current and constant voltage (CC-CV) strategy at −10°C can only reach 48.47% of the normal capacity. To improve the poor charging characteristic at low temperature, the working principle of charging battery at low temperature is analyzed using electrochemical model and first-order RC equivalent circuit model; moreover, the multistage CC-CV strategy is proposed. In the proposed multistage CC-CV strategy, the charging current is decreased to extend the charging process when terminal voltage reaches the charging cut-off voltage. The charging results of multistage CC-CV strategy are obtained at 25°C, 0°C, and −10°C, compared with the results of CC-CV and two-stage CC-CC strategies. The comparison results show that, at the target temperatures, the charging capacities are increased with multistage CC-CV strategy and it is notable that the charging capacity can reach 85.32% of the nominal capacity at −10°C; also, the charging time is decreased

Stereochemistry and amyloid inhibition : asymmetric triplex metallohelices enantioselectively bind to Aβ peptide

Stereochemistry is vital for pharmaceutical development and can determine drug efficacy. Herein, 10 pairs of asymmetric triplex metallohelix enantiomers as a library were used to screen inhibitors of amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation via a fluorescent cell–based high-throughput method. Intriguingly, Λ enantiomers show a stronger inhibition effect than Δ enantiomers. In addition, the metallohelices with aromatic substituents are more effective than those without, revealing that these groups play a key role in the Aβ interaction. Fluorescence stopped-flow kinetic studies indicate that binding of the Λ enantiomer to Aβ is much faster than that of the Δ enantiomer. Furthermore, studies in enzyme digestion, isothermal titration calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computational docking demonstrate that the enantiomers bind to the central hydrophobic α-helical region of Aβ13–23, although with different modes for the Λ and Δ enantiomers. Finally, an in vivo study showed that these metallohelices extend the life span of the Caenorhabditis elegans CL2006 strain by attenuating Aβ-induced toxicity. Our work will shed light on the design and screening of a metal complex as an amyloid inhibitor against Alzheimer’s disease

Unique allosteric effect driven rapid adsorption of carbon dioxide on a new ionogel [P4444][2-Op]@MCM-41 with excellent cyclic stability and loading-dependent capacity

Allosteric effect-driven rapid stepwise CO2 adsorption of pyridine-containing anion functionalized ionic liquid [P4444][2-Op] confined into mesoporous silica MCM-41.</p

Caloric restriction favorably impacts metabolic and immune/inflammatory profiles in obese mice but curcumin/piperine consumption adds no further benefit

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and impaired immune response. Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to inhibit inflammatory response and enhance cell-mediated immune function. Curcumin, the bioactive phenolic component of turmeric spice, is proposed to have anti-obesity and anti-inflammation properties while piperine, another bioactive phenolic compound present in pepper spice, can enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of curcumin. This study sought to determine if curcumin could potentiate CR’s beneficial effect on immune and inflammatory responses in obesity developed in mice by feeding high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS: Mice were fed a HFD for 22 wk and then randomized into 5 groups: one group remained on HFD ad libitum and the remaining 4 groups were fed a 10% CR (reduced intake of HFD by 10% but maintaining the same levels of micronutrients) in the presence or absence of curcumin and/or piperine for 5 wk, after which CR was increased to 20% for an additional 33 wk. At the end of the study, mice were sacrificed, and spleen cells were isolated. Cells were stimulated with T cell mitogens, anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies, or lipopolysaccharide to determine T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and CD4(+) T cell subpopulations. RESULTS: Compared to HFD control group, all CR mice, regardless of the presence of curcumin and/or piperine, had lower body weight and fat mass, lower levels of blood glucose and insulin, and fewer total spleen cells but a higher percentage of CD4(+) T cells. Additionally, they demonstrated lower production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, a trend toward lower IL-6, and lower production of PGE(2), a lipid molecule with pro-inflammatory and T cell-suppressive properties. Mice with CR alone had higher splenocyte proliferation and IL-2 production, but this effect of CR was diminished by spice supplementation. CR alone or in combination with spice supplementation had no effect on production of cytokines IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-17, or the proportion of different CD4(+) T cell subsets. CONCLUSION: CR on an HFD favorably impacts both metabolic and immune/inflammatory profiles; however, the presence of curcumin and/or piperine does not amplify CR’s beneficial effects

In vivo visualization of enantioselective targeting of amyloid and improvement of cognitive function by clickable chiral metallohelices

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely related to several contributing factors, especially amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation. Bioorthogonal reactions provide a general, facile, and robust route for the localization and derivatization of Aβ-targeted agents. Herein, a pair of chiral alkyne-containing metallohelices (ΛA and ΔA) were demonstrated to enantioselectively target and modulate Aβ aggregation, which has been monitored in triple-transgenic AD model mice and proved to improve cognitive function. Compared with its enantiomer ΔA, ΛA performed better in blocking Aβ fibrillation, relieving Aβ-triggered toxicity, and recovering memory deficits in vivo. Moreover, clickable ΛA could act as a functional module for subsequent visualization and versatile modification of amyloid via bioorthogonal reaction. As a proof-of-concept, thioflavin T, tacrine, and magnetic nanoparticles were conjugated with ΛA to realize Aβ photo-oxygenation, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and Aβ clearance, respectively. This proof-of-principle work provided new insights into the biolabeling and bioconjugation of multifunctional metallosupramolecules through click reactions for AD therapy

Ladder-like energy-relaying exciplex enables 100% internal quantum efficiency of white TADF-based diodes in a single emissive layer.

Development of white organic light-emitting diodes based on purely thermally activated delayed fluorescence with a single-emissive-layer configuration has been a formidable challenge. Here, we report the rational design of a donor-acceptor energy-relaying exciplex and its utility in fabricating single-emissive-layer, thermally activated delayed fluorescence-based white organic light-emitting diodes that exhibit 100% internal quantum efficiency, 108.2 lm W-1 power efficiency, and 32.7% external quantum efficiency. This strategy enables thin-film fabrication of an 8 cm × 8 cm thermally activated delayed fluorescence white organic light-emitting diodes (10 inch2) prototype with 82.7 lm W-1 power efficiency and 25.0% external quantum efficiency. Introduction of a phosphine oxide-based acceptor with a steric group to the exciplex limits donor-acceptor triplet coupling, providing dual levels of high-lying and low-lying triplet energy. Transient spectroscopic characterizations confirm that a ladder-like energy relaying occurs from the high-lying triplet level of the exciplex to a blue emitter, then to the low-lying triplet level of the phosphine oxide acceptor, and ultimately to the yellow emitter. Our results demonstrate the broad applicability of energy relaying in multicomponent systems for exciton harvesting, providing opportunities for the development of third-generation white organic light-emitting diode light sources

Ownership Type, Home?Country Government?Directed Investment Policies and Firm Value in Strategic Sectors: Evidence from Chinese Acquiring Firms

Using data of Chinese acquirers in strategic sectors, we assess the role of home government and the effects of the interaction between ownership type and government-directed investment policies on acquiring firm value in cross-border acquisitions (CBAs). We find that CBA activities in strategic sectors encouraged by the home-country government through its investment policies experience significant increase in acquiring firm value. We also find that firms investing in government-designated strategic sectors generate wealth for acquirers, but contrary to efficiency logic rooted in agency theory, state-owned enterprises appear to outperform private-owned enterprises. Further analysis indicates that three financial incentives associated with government-directed policies – namely, interest-rate reduction, tax incentives and direct subsidies – constitute sources of firm value. Our results raise several policy implications, including the need for transparent and rule-based policies and governance systems to be developed and implemented by governments in the home and host countries to regulate state-supported firms investing in sensitive strategic sectors