A possible origin for large aspect angle "HAIR'' echoes seen by SuperDARN radars in the E region

International audienceMilan2004 have recently reported on close-range E region decameter size echoes that seem to be relatively weak, have apparently unusually large aspect angles, and possess Doppler shifts that are slow and are clearly consistent with the ion drift of the medium as opposed to, say, its electron drift or its ion-acoustic speed. We argue that these irregularities are the result of a nonlinear wave conversion process triggered by the nonlocal evolution of decameter Farley-Buneman waves. According to this picture, structures which have weak spontaneous growth rates and are initially field-aligned undergo an evolution of their aspect angle that results in a jump in the aspect angle at some point in time and space. When this takes place, a rapid mode conversion must follow, which takes energy away from a standard two-stream signature and converts it either to a strongly damped ion-acoustic mode or to a purely decaying mode, depending on altitude

(+)-{1,2-Bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-phospho-lan-1-yl]ethane- κ2 P,P′}(η4-cyclo-octa-1,5-diene) rhodium(I) tetra-fluorido-borate

The title compound, [Rh(C8H12)(C14H 28P2)]BF4, exhibits a rhodium(I) complex cation with a bidentate bis-phosphine ligand and a bidentate η2, η2-coordinated cyclo-octa-1,5-diene. Together the ligands create a slightly distorted square-planar cordination environment for the Rh(I) atom. There are three mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit and intra-molecular P - Rh - P bite angles of 82.78 (5), 82.97 (6) and 83.09 (5)° are observed. The dihedral angles between the P - Rh - P and the X - Rh - X planes (X is the centroid of a double bond) are 14.7 (1), 14.8 (1) and 15.3 (1)°. The structure exhibits disorder of one cyclo-octa-diene ligand as well as one BF4 anion

Crystal structure of (2,3-bis((2R,5R)-2,5-dimethylphosphonalyl)maleic anhydride)-(η4-norbornadiene)-rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate, [Rh(C7H8)(C16H24O3P 2)] [BF4]

C23H32BF4O3P2Rh, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 10.147(2) Å, b = 13.246(3) Å, c = 18.827(4) Å, V = 2530.5 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.025, wRref(F 2) = 0.067, T = 200 K. © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag,

Identification of C38 colon adenocarcinoma growth under bevacizumab therapy and without therapy

Model identification allows to design different con- trol strategies for antiangiogenic cancer therapy, and create model-based treatment protocols. These model-based protocols can be more effective than the current ones, since they provide individual treatment for the patients. The aim of this paper is to investigate C38 colon adenocarcinoma growth in three different cases: (1) tumor growth without therapy, (2) tumor growth with one Avastin dose for a 18-day therapy (10 mg/kg), (3) tumor growth with one-tenth dose of control Avastin dose spread over 18 days. Parametric model identification was carried out for these three cases and the relationship between the measured tumor attributes (volume, mass and vascularization) was analyzed. Effect of low-dose therapy was also examined

Crystal structure of (η4-cycloocta-1,5-dien)-N-(2- (diphenylphosphinooxy)-3-(naphthalen-1-yloxy)propyl)-N-(pentan-3-yl)-1, 1-diphenylphosphinamine-rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate, [Rh(C8H 12)(C42H43NO2P2)][BF 4]

C50H55BF4NO2P2Rh, monoclinic, P1211 (no. 4), a = 12.722(3) Å, b = 15.248(3) Å, c = 12.818(3) Å, β = 115.80(3)°, V = 2238.7 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.036, wRref(F 2) = 0.079, T = 200 K. © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag