Wind energy system time-domain (WEST) analyzers

A portable analyzer which simulates in real time the complex nonlinear dynamics of horizontal axis wind energy systems was constructed. Math models for an aeroelastic rotor featuring nonlinear aerodynamic and inertial terms were implemented with high speed digital controllers and analog calculation. This model was combined with other math models of elastic supports, control systems, a power train and gimballed rotor kinematics. A stroboscopic display system graphically depicting distributed blade loads, motion, and other aerodynamic functions on a cathode ray tube is included. Limited correlation efforts showed good comparison between the results of this analyzer and other sophisticated digital simulations. The digital simulation results were successfully correlated with test data

Design Defects Under the Proposed Section 2(b) of the \u3cem\u3eRestatement (Third) of Torts: Products Liability\u3c/em\u3e- A Judge\u27s View

The proposed section 2(b) of the Restatement (Third) of Torts: Products Liability has caused a great deal of controversy, and many are concerned that this section represents a radical change in the law. This Article explains that section 2(b) in fact provides a pragmatic, workable tool for judges and attorneys to explain and prove a manufacturer\u27s liability for a defective product. It sheds much of the baggage of the Restatement (Second) of Torts section 402A and its commentaries, yet preserves the essence of the theory behind section 402A. The criticisms of the new language are adequately met in the comments, except possibly for problems with (1) egregiously unsafe products, or (2) products with little or no efficacy that should not be marketed at all, but for which there is no safer design. Both problems can still be cured by commentary in the final draft to be passed upon in May 1997

ECoG-based short-range recurrent stimulation techniques to stabilize tissue at risk of progressive damage: Theory based on clinical observations

We introduce theoretical concepts based on chaos control to stabilize in acute stroke the tissue at risk of progressive damage by preventing adverse effects of waves of mass neuronal depolarization. Moreover, we present clinical electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings of relevant signals suggested for the feedback control. The recordings are performed in combination with novel subdural opto-electrode technology for simultaneous laser-Doppler flowmetry in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). In aSAH patients waves of spreading depolarization (SD) have a high incidence and cause hypoxia in tissue at risk, and, importantly, the haemodynamic response is the inverse of that seen in healthy tissue. In previous clinical studies, clusters of prolonged SDs have been measured in aSAH patients in close proximity to structural brain damage as assessed by neuroimaging, and, in theoretical studies, a mechanism was presented, suggesting how a failure of internal feedback could be a putative mechanism of such SD cluster patterns in acute stroke. 

This failing internal feedback control is now suggested to be replaced by ECoG-based short-range recurrent functional stimulation that initiates the normal hyperperfusion haemodynamic response in a demand-controlled way and stabilizes the tissue at risk during the critical phase of SD passage. The suggested method has three key features: (i) it is short-range, i.e., in the order of the distance of the ECoG electrode strip, (ii) it is demand-controlled, and (iii) it uses no prior knowledge of the target state, in particular, it adapts to conditions in the healthy physiological range. On-demand type stimulation provides minimal invasive feedback as the control force is off when the target state is reached, i.e., the tissue at risk is without SD or it is back to the physiological range (out of risk). These last two features (ii-iii) are shared with classical methods of chaos control, where major progress was made in the last years with respect to extensions for spatio-temporal wave patterns. A detailed bifurcation analysis of the nonlinear model is presented, in particular, the SD cluster forming cortical state is suggested to be caused by a delay-induced saddle-node bifurcation.
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Анализ и способы повышения конкурентоспсособности предприятия

Dysregulation of growth factor receptors such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and of its truncated form EGFRvIII is frequently found in human tumors. EGFRvIII is a promising target for selective molecular tumor therapy because it is exclusively expressed by tumor cells. Cetuximab/Erbitux is a monoclonal antibody which targets EGFR and EGFRvIII. The effects of cetuximab on EGFRvIII but still the exact function and mechanism of cetuximab in relation to EGFR and EGFRvIII are incompletely understood. Therefore, we investigated the influence of cetuximab on EGFRvIII signaling and cellular survival. We found that cetuximab leads to increased internalization of EGFRvIII in NR6M cells but is unable to inhibit neither the activation of EGFRvIII nor its downstream signaling pathways. Incubation with cetuximab also did not alter the survival and proliferation of EGFRvIII-expressing cells. However, it caused increased mitochondrial activity and an increase in co-localization of EGFRvIII with mitochondria. These results demonstrate that interaction of EGFRvIII with mitochondria could play a role in survival of cetuximab-treated NR6M cells. Thus, a role of mitochondria in resistance to cetuximab has to be considered

EC84-102 Nebraska Spring Small Grain Variety Tests 1984

Extension Circular 84-102: This circular is a progress report of small grain variety tests conducted by the agricultural experiment station in 1984