Combined endophytic inoculants enhance nickel phytoextraction from serpentine soil in the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens

This study assesses the effects of specific bacterial endophytes on the phytoextraction capacity of the Ni-hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, spontaneously growing in a serpentine soil environment. Five metal-tolerant endophytes had already been selected for their high Ni tolerance (6 mM) and plant growth promoting ability. Here we demonstrate that individual bacterial inoculation is ineffective in enhancing Ni translocation and growth of N. caerulescens in serpentine soil, except for specific strains Ncr-1 and Ncr-8, belonging to the Arthrobacter and Microbacterium genera, which showed the highest indole acetic acid production and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid-deaminase activity. Ncr-1 and Ncr-8 co-inoculation was even more efficient in promoting plant growth, soil Ni removal, and translocation of Ni, together with that of Fe, Co, and Cu. Bacteria of both strains densely colonized the root surfaces and intercellular spaces of leaf epidermal tissue. These two bacterial strains also turned out to stimulate root length, shoot biomass, and Ni uptake in Arabidopsis thaliana grown in MS agar medium supplemented with Ni. It is concluded that adaptation of N. caerulescens in highly Ni-contaminated serpentine soil can be enhanced by an integrated community of bacterial endophytes rather than by single strains; of the former, Arthrobacter and Microbacterium may be useful candidates for future phytoremediation trials in multiple metal-contaminated sites, with possible extension to non-hyperaccumulator plants

Angioleiomyoma: A Rare Cause of Fixed Flexion Contracture of the Elbow

We describe an unusual case of a patient presented with a painless fixed flexion contracture of the elbow due to an angioleiomyoma. This benign smooth muscle tumour should be considered in the differential diagnosis of flexion contractures of the elbow

Effects of field inoculation with VAM and bacteria consortia on root growth and nutrients uptake in common wheat

This study investigated the effects of a commercial biofertilizer containing the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and the diazotrophic N-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii on root and shoot growth, yield, and nutrient uptake in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in order to improve the sustainable cultivation of this widespread crop. The trials were carried out in controlled conditions (rhizoboxes) and in open fields over two years to investigate the interaction between inoculation and three doses of nitrogen fertilization (160, 120 and 80 kg ha1) in a silty-loam soil of the Po Plain (NE Italy). In rhizoboxes, efficient root colonization by R. irregularis was observed at 50 days after sowing with seed inoculation, together with improved root tip density and branching (+~30% vs. controls), while the effects of post-emergence inoculation by soil and foliar spraying were not observable at plant sampling. In the open, field spraying at end tillering significantly increased the volumetric root length density (RLD, +22% vs. controls) and root area density (+18%) after about two months (flowering stage) in both years under medium and high N fertilization doses, but not at the lowest N dose. In absence of inoculation, RLD progressively decreased with increased N doses. Inoculation had a negligible effect on grain yield and N uptake, which followed a typical N dose-response model, while straw Zn, P, and K concentrations were seldom improved. It is concluded that medium-high N fertilization doses are required to achieve the target yield and standards of quality (protein contents) in wheat cultivation, while the use of this mixed VAM-PGPR biofertilizer appears to be a sustainable mean for minimizing the adverse effects of chemical N fertilizers on root expansion and for improving the uptake of low-mobility nutrients, which has potentially relevant environmental benefits

A simple technique to position patients with bilateral above-knee amputations for operative fixation of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Intertrochanteric fractures of the femur are common fractures in the elderly, and management includes operative fixation after patient positioning on the fracture table. Patients with bilateral above-knee amputations are challenging in terms of positioning on the table. We describe a simple technique to overcome this special problem.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 75-year-old wheelchair-bound Caucasian man with bilateral above-knee amputations presented to our hospital after a fall. Plain radiographs showed an intertrochanteric fracture of the femur, and operative fixation with a dynamic hip screw was planned. His positioning on the table posed a particular problem, and therefore we developed a technique to overcome this problem.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Positioning of patients for fixation of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur poses a particular problem that can be solved by using our simple technique.</p

Geology of the Tekeze River basin (Northern Ethiopia)

We present a geologic map of the Tekeze River basin that covers an area of ∼69,000 km2 of northern Ethiopia. The map synthesizes new data collected in two campaigns between March, 2012 and January, 2013 and compiled at a scale of 1:500,000 with published geologic surveys. The map focuses on the main geologic and tectonic features relevant to a modern interpretation of the geologic evolution of northern Ethiopia and as such, it represents an important synthesis for environmental and natural resource management

Excursion guide: post-conference excursion: geomorphological hazards, land degradation and resilience in the North Ethiopian highlands

B

Evoluzione quaternaria del bacino di Leonessa (Rieti)

Il bacino di Leonessa è una delle maggiori depressioni tettoniche intermontane dell’Appennino Centrale. A differenza dalle altre depressioni, disposte in direzione appenninica con la faglia bordiera principale sul lato orientale, il bacino è orientato in senso WNW - ESE ed ha la faglia bordiera principale sul suo margine sud-occidentale. Il più antico deposito di origine continentale che riempie la depressione non è affiorante ed è stato rinvenuto solo in alcuni sondaggi. E’ costituito da alternanze di sabbie-argillose e ghiaie (attribuite da GE.MI.NA. ad un generico Pliocene). I sedimenti affioranti sono stati distinti in sintemi. Quello stratigraficamente più basso è il Sintema di Villa Pulcini, costituito da un alternanza di argille, argille torbose, marne e sabbie argillose di ambiente deposizionale da lacustre a piana a canali intrecciati (braided plain), attribuibili alla parte alta del Pleistocene inferiore. Il Sintema di Villa Pulcini è parzialmente coperto dal Sintema di Leonessa, costituito da depositi di conoide alluvionale (conoide della Vallonina) a ovest e da depositi lacustri a est, ambedue contenenti, nella parte alta, intercalazioni di vulcaniti risedimentate. Il ritrovamento di un molare di M. (M.) trogontherii all’interno di depositi alluvionali consente di riferire al Galeriano (U.F. Slivia - ? U.F. Fontana Ranuccio) la porzione basale del sistema. I due sintemi precedenti sono coperti a tratti da sabbie e sabbie argillose rossastre (Sintema di Terzone), con spessore che raramente supera i 5 metri, ricche di elementi vulcanici rimaneggiati. Nella parte più meridionale del bacino, all’interno della profonda incisione del Fosso Tascino, sono localmente presenti due ordini di terrazzi alluvionali. Attualmente il Fosso Tascino mostra un tipico esempio di letto a canali intrecciati (braided), con una piana che supera i 100 m di larghezza. Nella zona di raccordo tra il versante NE del Monte Tilia e i Sintemi di Leonessa e di Terzone, sono stati riconosciuti due ordini di conoidi alluvionali sovrapposti, costituiti in prevalenza da sedimenti ghiaiosi con una minore componente sabbiosa, poggianti in discordanza sui sedimenti più antichi. La definizione degli eventi erosivo-deposizionali che hanno contraddistinto l’evoluzione del paesaggio nel bacino di Leonessa costituisce un passo ulteriore verso un più preciso inquadramento temporale dell’attività tettonica distensiva, del sollevamento regionale e dei cambiamenti climatici che hanno portato all’attuale assetto geomorfologico dell’Appennino Centrale