Uticaj dinamike i nivoa zrelosti kortikalnih funkcija kao preduslov za razvoj govora kod dece

Introduction/Objective the development of speech is the result of interaction of different systems of the cortex, which gradually acquires the ability of phonological presentation and motor control, in the presence of a series of physical and physiological changes in the morphology of the articulation system. The objective of the study was to examine the impact of laterality and cortical responses on the development of speech in children. Methods Research is a quasi-experimental design with two groups. The sample covered 60 children from Belgrade, of both sexes, ages 5.5-7 years, divided into two groups, experimental (30) and control (30). We used the following instruments: test for assessing laterality and ascertaining evoked potentials. Results on the visual lateralization subtest there was a statistically significant difference (χ² = 7.56, p lt 0.05) between the observed groups. The visual evoked potentials on all measured parameters gave a statistically significant difference between the groups: waveform cortical responses-left (χ² = 30.00, df = 1, p lt 0.05); cortical responses-right (χ² = 6.667, df = 1 , p lt 0.05); waveform amplitude-left (χ² = 13.469, df = 1, p lt 0.05); amplitude-right (χ² = 40.00, df = 1, p lt 0.05), somatosensory potentials (χ² = 18.261, df = 1, p lt 0.05); waveform amplitude (χ² = 12.000, df = 1, p lt 0.05); waveform latency (χ² = 5.455, df = 1, p lt 0.05). Conclusion Visual laterality, as well as visual and somatosensory cortical responses to stimuli is better in children without the present articulation disorder, which could be used for timely prevention planning.Uvod/Cilj Razvoj govora od rođenja do odraslog doba je rezultat interakcije različitih sistema kore velikog mozga, pomoću kojih se postepeno stiču sposobnosti fonološke prezentacije i motorne kontrole, uz prisustvo niza fizičkih i fizioloških promena u morfologiji artikulacionog sistema. Cilj istraživanja je bio ispitati uticaj lateralizovanosti i kortikalnih odgovora na razvoj govora kod dece. Metode Istraživanje je kvazieksperimentalni dizajn sa dve grupe. Uzrokom je obuhvaćeno 60 dece (30 u eksperimentalnoj i 30 u kontrolnoj grupi) iz Beograda, oba pola, uzrasta od pet i po do sedam godina. Od instrumenata smo koristili test za procenu lateralizovanosti i nalaz evociranih potencijala. Rezultati Na suptestu vizuelna lateralizovanost postoji statistički značajna razlika (χ² = 7,56, p lt 0,05) između posmatranih grupa. Vizuelni evocirani potencijali na svim merenim parametrima su dali statistički značajnu razliku između eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe kortikalni odgovori - levo (χ² = 30,00, df = 1, p lt 0,05); kortikalni odgovori - desno (χ² = 6,667, df = 1, p lt 0,05); amplituda - levo (χ² = 13,469, df = 1, p lt 0,05); amplituda - desno (χ² = 40,00, df = 1, p lt 0,05). Somatosenzorni potencijali su dali statistički značajnu razliku kod kortikalnih odgovora - levo (χ² = 18,261, df = 1, p lt 0,05), amplitude (χ² = 12,000, df = 1, p lt 0,05), latencija (χ² = 5,455, df = 1, p lt 0,05). Zaključak Vizuelna lateralizovanost, kao i vizuelni i somatosenzorni kortikalni odgovori na stimuluse su bolji kod dece bez prisutnog poremećaja artikulacije, što bi se moglo iskoristiti za blagovremeno planiranje prevencije

Fine Structure in Energy Spectra of Ultrasmall Au Nanoparticles

We have studied tunneling into individual Au nanoparticles of estimated diameters 2-5 nm, at dilution refrigerator temperatures. The I-V curves indicate resonant tunneling via discrete energy levels of the particle. Unlike previously studied normal metal particles of Au and Al, in these samples we find that the lowest energy tunneling resonances are split into clusters of 2-10 subresonances. Such effects appear to be increasingly important in smaller grains, as might be expected from the larger characteristic energies.Comment: 1 pdf fil

Characteristics of adult people with fluency disorder

The aim of this study is to test the thesis that adults who stutter differ from those without this disorder by lower birth weight and in terms of personality dimensions, as well as the assertion that prevalence of stuttering is far higher among males.Total sample consisted of 108 subjects, aged 18 - 50, whereby subsamples consisted of 54 subjects, equaled in gender and age. The Personality Inventory NEO PI_R (S/A form) was used to examine basic personality dimensions (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness). The correlation between the gender and stuttering has been established, but no differences have been found between the birth weights or in terms of basic personality characteristics. Further examinations are needed but such should be applied to larger representative samples, using more progressive data processing methodology. Key words: fluency disorders, stuttering, personality dimensions, gender, birth weigh

Properties of the quantum state arising after the L-photon state has passed trough a linear quantum amplifier

We consider the system of N two-level atoms, of which N0 atoms are unexcited and N1 are excited. This system of N two-level atoms, which forms a linear quantum amplifier, interacts with a single-mode electromagnetic field. The problem of amplification of the L-photon states using such an amplifier is studied. The evolution of the electromagnetic field density matrix is described by the master equation for the field under amplification. The dynamics of this process is such that it can be described as the transformation of the scale of the phase space. The exact solution of the master equation is expressed using the transformed Husimi function of the L-quantum state of the harmonic oscillator. The properties of this function are studied and using it the average photon number and its fluctuations in the amplified state are found. © 2021, Editura Academiei Romane. All rights reserved

A theory of the reflection of roentgen rays used in industry and medical physics

Analizirani su uslovi pod kojima se prolazak i refleksija rendgenskih zraka, korišćenih u industriji i medicni, mogu uz visoku tačnost tretirati kao transport čestica koje se mnogostruko rasejavaju, i to izotropno i bez gubitaka energije. Na jednostavan i fizički pregledan način izvedena je integralna jednačina koja opisuje refleksiju za taj slučaj, razjašnjen fizički smisao njenih pojedinih članova, kao i njena rešenja. Navedene su činjenice koje potvrđuju ovakav model transporta.Conditions under which the penetration and reflections of Roentgen rays, used in industry and medical physics, can be treated with a high accuracy as a monoenergetic, multiple collision type of particle beam transport with isotropic scattering, are analysed. In a simple an physicaly transparent way the transport equation describing the reflection of Xrays, for this case, has been derived and the physical meaning of the separate terms of the equation have been discussed. The facts which confirm this physical picture are supplied.XXIV Simpozijum Društva za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore, Zlatibor, 3-5. oktobar 2007

Ugaona distribucija spektralne gustine neutrona prilikom interakcije snopa protona energije 50 MeV Sa debelom metom od bakra

U praksi projektovanja zaštite od zračenja na nuklearnim instalacijama (akceleratori, nuklearni reaktori, instalacije za protonsku terapiju u medicini, itd.) od interesa je proračun prinosa sekundarnih neutrona u odnosu na njihov energetski spektar i ugaonu distribuciju. Pored eksperimentalnog pristupa kada je u pitanju pre svega provera kvaliteta projektovane zaštite, tome prethodi izbor i primena odgovarajuće metode proračuna zaštite za definisani incidentni snop čestica i materijal mete. U ovom radu razmatra se ugaona distribucija spektralne gustine neutrona prilikom interakcije snopa protona energije 50 MeV sa debelom metom od bakra.XXV Simpozijum Društva za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore, Kopaonik, 30.9 do 2.10. 2009

Assessment of computed tomography simulators used in radiotherapy treatment planning in Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina

The purpose of this work was to evaluate computed tomography simulators used in radio-therapy treatment planning in Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. A survey of quality assurance programmes of 24 computed tomography simulators in 16 facilities was conducted. A dedicated CT-to-ED phantom was scanned at 120 kV and 140 kV, to obtain CT-to-ED conversion curves as well as CTDIvol. Thoracal phantoms were scanned in the standard and extended field of view to evaluate the dosimetric effect on treatment planning and delivery. The mean age of the measured scanners was 5.5 years. The mean water HU value was –6.5 (all scanners, all voltages) and air HU value was –997. Extended field of view computed tomography data differ from the standard field of view and differences between conversion curves have significant dosimetric impact. The CTDI data showed a large range of values between centers. Better quality assurance of computed tomography simulators in all countries is recommended. The CT-to-ED curve could be used as default at one voltage and per manufacturer. Extended field of view imaging can be used, but treatment planning should be avoided in the regions out of the standard field of view

The importance of early estimate of speech-language capacities in prevention of developmental dysgraphia

Written speech is the last to develop and it represents a form of speech expression. It consists of two speech fields. These are coding and performing of a written speech act and decoding of written signs. The first field belongs to performance of willing acts and it belongs to experiential activities while decoding belongs to Gnostic functions. In the process of writing a phoneme is connected with a certain letter image. It is considered that the most common cause of substitution is the impossibility of adequate auditive voice discrimination. Subtle voice differentiation is more necessary for proper writing than for oral speech, which means that there is no writing without proper speech and language development. Dysgraphia is a disability in learning to write or in the process of acquiring the ability to write although there are preserved intelligence, good sight and hearing, proper education and social conditions. Early detection of faults in development of motor and speech patterns and timely involvement of children in appropriate treatments would give a significant results and contribute to a significant reduction in number of children having a dysgraphia. Our research was conducted on the population of young schoolchildren and included the sample of 482 children. The aim of the research was to study speech-language capacities and graphomotor abilities in order to detect writing difficulties among young schoolchildren in Belgrade schools. Based on the results obtained from the research and their statistic analysis, we can conclude that the existing capacities of speech and language pathology offer possibilities to detect difficulties in writing at young schoolchildren.Early Intervention in Special Education and Rehabilitatio

Le Grand écho du Nord de la France

01 juin 19021902/06/01 (A84,N152).Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : NordPdeC

Linear Light Amplifier and Amplification of N-Photon States

We consider a linear quantum amplifier consisting of NA two-level atoms and study the problem of amplification of N-photon states. The N-photon states are associated with N-quantum states of the harmonic oscillator. We show that the process of interaction of the electromagnetic field with atoms can be associated with some transformation of the phase space and functions defined on this phase space. We consider the Husimi functions QN(q, p) of N-quantum states of the harmonic oscillator, which are defined on the phase space, investigate transformation of these functions, and find an explicit form of the density matrix of the amplified N-photon state. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature