Efectividad de los ejercicios de suelo pélvico en el tratamiento de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres basado en la evidencia científica

Introducción: La incontinencia urinaria es una afección que se caracteriza por pérdida involuntaria de orina y supone un problema grave en nuestra sociedad por su frecuencia, repercusión y magnitud. El objetivo de esta revisión es conocer la efectividad de los ejercicios del suelo pélvico en la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres. Material y métodos: Revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos consultando las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus y Web Of Science publicados en los últimos diez años. Se utilizó la escala PEDRO para valorar la calidad metodológica de los artículos seleccionados. Resultados: En la búsqueda inicial se obtuvieron 993 artículos, sin embargo, se excluyeron artículos utilizando realizando una filtración por años, tipo de estudio, mujeres, edad y que hablaran de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo y su tratamiento con ejercicios para suelo pélvico. Se revisaron los abstracts y en los casos necesarios los artículos completos, teniendo en cuenta finalmente 10 artículos que incluían resultados de interés. Conclusiones: Los ejercicios de suelo pélvico favorecen la activación muscular y reducen los episodios de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, pudiendo añadir al entrenamiento de estos músculos aparatos de biofeedback para que el tratamiento sea aún más efectivo. Con este tipo de tratamiento se consigue ,a su vez, una mejora de la calidad de vida, es por ello por lo que se podría recomendar la prescripción de dichos ejercicios como método preventivo dentro de la atención primaria.Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a condition characterized by involuntary loss of urine and is a serious problem in our society due to its frequency, impact and magnitude. The objective of this review is to know the effectiveness of pelvic floor exercises in stress urinary incontinence in women. Material and methods: Bibliographic review of scientific articles consulting the Pubmed, Scopus and Web Of Science databases published in the last ten years. The PEDRO scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected articles. Results: In the initial search, 993 articles were obtained, however, articles were excluded using filtering by years, type of study, women, age and that spoke of stress urinary incontinence and its treatment with pelvic floor exercises. The abstracts and, where necessary, the complete articles were reviewed, finally taking into account 10 articles that included results of interest. Conclusions: Pelvic floor exercises favor muscle activation and reduce episodes of stress urinary incontinence, being able to add biofeedback devices to the training of these muscles so that the treatment is even more effective. With this type of treatment, in turn, an improvement in quality of life is achieved, which is why the prescription of these exercises could be recommended as a preventive method within primary care

La sociedad cubana a finales de los 70: producción artística e ideología revolucionaria en Fresa y Chocolate (1993)

Fresa y chocolate (1993) presenta la realidad socio-política de Cuba en los años 70. A través de la película pretendemos recoger aquellas muestras de represión cultural, religiosa, política e incluso sexual. La simbología del largometraje apoya las diferentes formas de búsqueda de la libertad que los protagonistas de la película buscan para escapar de la opresión, pero también sirven para construir la sociedad del momento. Así, analizaremos diferentes secuencias y símbolos del film para intentar reconstruir el contexto político y artístico de la época.Fresa y chocolate presents the social and political reality of Cuba in the 70s. Throughout the film, we aim to identify those clues of cultural, religious, politic and even sexual repression. The symbology of the film sustains the different forms of seeking the freedom that the protagonists of the movie pursue in order to escape from the oppression, but it also helps to build the society of that moment. Thus, we analyze different sequences and symbols of the film to try to rebuild the political and artistic context of the time

Analysis of Chromosome Number in Some Allium and Silene Wild Species with Ornamental Use

The present study analyses the number of somatic chromosomes in plant species with ornamental value, in Romanian indigenous flora, Allium (A. flavum L., A. saxatile Bieb.) and Silene (S. compacta Fischer., S. supina M.Bieb.). The biological material was identified and harvested in the South-Eastern part of Dobrogea (Tulcea and Constanţa counties), area in the South-Eastern part of Romania, situated between the Danube and the Black Sea. Individuals from two populations of Allium flavum and Allium saxatile, respectively from Tulcea county (Turcoaia town) and Constanţa county (from Cheile Dobrogei) were analyzed. In the case of Silene compacta and Silene supina, plants of one population in Tulcea county, Turcoaia town, were used. The aim of the analysis was the quantification and comparison of the somatic chromosomes of plants from the same species but different populations, as is the case of the two Allium species, but also to relate them to results from specialty literature, reported by others. The chromosome number was determined in the roots of the small plants that were obtained from seeds collected in their natural habitat. Except the case of Silene supina species, where only diploid forms were identified (2n=24), when in specific literature tetraploid forms are mentioned (2n=48), found in other areas, all other analyzed taxa register similar data to that reported in other geographic regions. Respectively, 2n= 16 in the case of Allium flavum and Allium saxatile and 2n= 24 in the case of Silene compacta