Freeze-dried jaboticaba peel added to high-fat diet increases HDL-cholesterol and improves insulin resistance in obese rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Jaboticaba (Myrciaria spp.) is a Brazilian fruit with high concentrations of anthocyanins in the peel which have shown antioxidant effects and possible benefits on obesity and insulin resistance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel (FJP) added to high-fat diet on the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed control diet, high-fat diet (HF) and HF diets added with 1.2 and 4% of FJP. Energy intake, weight gain, body composition, serum glucose, and lipid and hormonal profiles were determined. Glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance and HOMA-IR index were determined. The consumption of 1.2 and 4% FJP reduced serum insulin (47.57 and 52%, respectively) and HOMA-IR (40,54 and 48%, respectively). In addition, 2% FJP showed to increase HDL-cholesterol levels by 41.65% compared to HF control. Other parameters showed no significant changes. In conclusion, the consumption of FJP showed to increase HDL-cholesterol and improve insulin resistance in experimental animals. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.491153160Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Freeze-dried jaboticaba peel powder improves insulin sensitivity in high-fat-fed mice

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)The peel of the native Brazilian fruit jaboticaba is rich in anthocyanins, which are known for their anti-obesity effects in animal models. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel powder (FDJPP) on a number of metabolic parameters in a model of diet-induced obesity. Mice (n 8 per group) were initially fed on a high-fat diet (HFD, 35% w/w) for 4 weeks and then switched to a HFD supplemented with FDJPP (1, 2 or 4% w/w) for an additional 6 weeks. Energy intake, weight loss, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and lipid profile were determined, and the results were evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey's tests. The FDJPP exerted no protective effect on HFD-induced weight gain, hyperleptinaemia and glucose intolerance. However, the supplementation was effective to reduce insulin resistance, as evidenced in the insulin tolerance test, and subsequently confirmed by improved signal transduction through the insulin receptor/insulin receptor substrate-1/Akt/forkhead box protein pathway and by the attenuation of HFD-induced inflammation in the liver, verified by lower expressions of IL-1 beta and IL-6 and decreased phosphorylated I kappa B-alpha protein levels in all jaboticaba-treated mice. These results suggest that FDJPP may exert a protective role against obesity-associated insulin resistance.o TEXTO COMPLETO DESTE ARTIGO, ESTARÁ DISPONÍVEL À PARTIR DE AGOSTO DE 2015.1103447455Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Jaboticaba peel: Antioxidant compounds, antiproliferative and antimutagenic activities

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)This paper reports on the anthocyanin and antioxidant contents, an the 'in vitro' antiproliferative and 'in vivo' mutagenic/antimutagenic activities of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel (JP). According to the proximate composition, JP showed a high dietary fiber content. The identification and quantification of the JP anthocyanins was carried out by HPLC-PDA and LC-MS/MS, which revealed the presence of two compounds: delphinidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside (634.75 and 1963.57 mg 100 g(-1) d. w., respectively). JP showed a strong antioxidant potential: 25,514.24+/-3037 mu M TE g(-1), 45.38+/-0.50 mu g mL(-1) and 9458+/-97 mu M TEAC g(-1), for ORAC, DPPH and ABTS, respectively. The polar JP extract demonstrated antiproliferative effects against leukemia (K-562), and the non-polar extract was the most active against prostate cancer cell (PC-3), according to the antiproliferative assay. The micronucleus test in mice demonstrated that the polar JP extract induced no DNA damage and hence it showed no cytotoxic properties on mice bone marrow cells and caused no mutagenic effects. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.491596603Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FINEPConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Efficacy and acceptability of noninvasive brain stimulation interventions for weight reduction in obesity: a pilot network meta-analysis

Background/Objectives: Obesity has recently been recognized as a neurocognitive disorder involving circuits associated with the reward system and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been proposed as a strategy for the management of obesity. However, the results have been inconclusive. The aim of the current network meta-analysis (NMA) was to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of different NIBS modalities for weight reduction in participants with obesity. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining NIBS interventions in patients with obesity were analyzed using the frequentist model of NMA. The coprimary outcome was change in body mass index (BMI) and acceptability, which was calculated using the dropout rate. Results: Overall, the current NMA, consisting of eight RCTs, revealed that the high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left DLPFC was ranked to be associated with the second-largest decrease in BMI and the largest decrease in total energy intake and craving severity, whereas the high-frequency deep TMS over bilateral DLPFC and the insula was ranked to be associated with the largest decrease in BMI. Conclusion: This pilot study provided a “signal” for the design of more methodologically robust and larger RCTs based on the findings of the potentially beneficial effect on weight reduction in participants with obesity by different NIBS interventions