Use of ICT in Collection Management of Public Libraries in Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract Objectives of the study: This study is about the assessing of use of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) in Collection Management (CM) of Public Libraries in Punjab (PLsP), Pakistan. Research Design:The study was conducted in seventeen PLsP. Target population was the Head Librarians(HLs) of the selected PLsP. Data regarding current status of ICT apparatus, IT staff, available ICT resources and usage of ICT in CM was collected from the concerned HLs through a comprehensive questionnaire. The questionnaire having mostly closed ended questions was constructed in the light of extensive literature review. The data collected from HLs was analyzed and interpreted manually. Key Findings: Present status of ICT apparatus, IT staff & available ICT resources like internet in PLs was found unsatisfactory and lack of IT professionals & skilled IT staff was note over there. The respondents found convinced about the importance of ICT in CM. Status of usage of ICT in CM was found poor. Absence of required ICT related staff training was also noted. Scarcity of needed funds for ICT and interrupted power supply were found as the pressing issues in PLsP. Practical Implication: PLsP were recommended to develop their ICT apparatus, ensure qualified IT staff, and enrich their available ICT resources to improve their status of usage of ICT in CM. ICT training of staff, availability of needed funds and arrangements for uninterrupted power supply were also recommended

GIS based Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment of Lahore a Metropolitan using Modified DRASTIC Model

The metropolitans of the developing countries are experiencing the hazard of low quality drinking water. Lahore, the heart of Pakistan, has over 12 million population and is going to face the shortage of clean drinking water. The study was designed to create a groundwater vulnerability map of Lahore using modified DRASTIC model. The water table, land use/cover, hydraulic conductivity, vadose zone, soil and aquifer media layers of Lahore aquifer were analyzed using ‘geostatistical analyst’ and ‘spatial analyst’ extensions of ArcGIS software to compute the groundwater vulnerability. The Vulnerability index of modified DRASTIC model ranged from 64 – 144. The spatial variability of modified DRASTIC index were divided into 4 categories, namely, Low, Moderate, High and Very High groundwater vulnerable zones. The modified DRASTIC model revealed that 51.38% areas have low vulnerability, 36.77% areas have moderate vulnerability, 9.48% areas have high vulnerability and 2.37% areas have very high vulnerability to groundwater pollution. The ‘high’ and ‘very high’ vulnerability classes were found in the western parts of Lahore. The results of modified DRASTIC model were validated using the groundwater contamination data of arsenic in the study area. The groundwater arsenic concentrations map also showed higher values in the northwestern parts while in the eastern parts of the study area, the arsenic concentrations had a decreasing trend. In Ravi Town, the arsenic concentrations were positively correlated with modified DRASTIC vulnerability index and inversely correlated with water table depth (p 50 ppb) to provide safe drinking water to the citizens of Lahore. It is recommended that the modified DRASTIC model based on geospatial techniques can be applied on other metropolitans of the world for taking preventive measures against massive water pollution

Clinical Presentations of Multiple Sclerosis at Royal Commission Hospital Yanbu Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an important cause of long standing disability especially in adult females. The incidence is more in Europe. In Europe specially in USA and UK the prevalence is about 120/ 100,000. The annual incidence is around 7 per 100,000, while the life time risk of developing MS is about 1in 400. The incidence of MS is higher in northern Europeans, and the disease is about twice as common in females. Objectives: To study various ways the patients of multiple sclerosis presented in the department of neurology atObjectives: To study various ways the patients of multiple sclerosis presented in the department of neurology at Royal commission hospital Yanbu, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Materials and Methods: This is new as well newly diagnosed patients who presented in the emergency as well as outpatient department of neurology at Royal Commission hospital Yanbu, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Yanbu is one of the biggest industrial city of Saudi Arabia. Duration of study was two years; from January 2011 to December 2012. The study included 50 patients. We diagnosed 45 patients ourselves and 5 patients were following in the neurology OPD.Results: The age range was 17 – 58; 38 patients were females and 2 were males. Most of the affected patients were in the age range of 17 – 36. Mean duration of illness was from 1 – 9 years. In most of the patients, the initial presentation was weakness and visual loss. Most of the patients were started on interferons and they has very good outcome.Conclusions: Multiple sclerosis involves both brain and spinal cord. Early diagnosis and treatment promises good outcome and rehabilitation. The new treatment modalities have played revolutionary role in modulating the disease. Abbreviations: MS = Multiple sclerosis

Research Output of Government College University Lahore, Pakistan: A Bibliometric Study Based on Scopus Database from 1908 to 2020

Abstract Purpose – The main purpose of the current study was to explore the research output of Government College University, Lahore Pakistan in terms of publications, citation trends, major research areas, co-authorship patterns, preferred journals, keywords used, and funding sponsored. Design/methodology/approach – Current study used bibliometric analysis methodology for achieving the objectives. Data were extracted from the Scopus database through a query. Query was executed in June 2021 at Prince Sultan University; Saudi Arabia and 6085 publications were retrieved. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were also defined. The results were filtered according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Finally, 6008 records were included in the final analysis which included articles, conference papers, reviews, and book chapters from 1908 to June 13, 2021. MS Excel, VOS Viewer, and Biblioshiny software were used for data analysis. Findings – Findings showed that publications and citation trends of Government College University remained low. However, the progress of publication and citations started in 2005. The top ten research areas were consisted of science subjects. Social Sciences, Arts, and Humanities had no publications in the top ten areas. The majority of collaborated work from GC University authors was observed with the University of the Punjab, Lahore, University of Sargodha, and the University of Agriculture Faisalabad. GC University authors also collaborated with international authors, but this collaboration was less as compared to collaboration at the national level. The top funding sources for research was HEC Pakistan. However, international funding sources were also found. Originality/Value – Current study is unique because, with the best of research knowledge, no study has been conducted regarding the research productivity of GC University, Lahore in past. The current study has practical implications in the sense that it is helpful for authorities of the University in allocating funds for research. The current study provides a comprehensive and collective picture of the research productivity of GC University, Lahore which helps to identify weak and strong areas related to research. Keywords: Bibliometric Study, Government College University, Lahore. Research Productivity, Bibliometric Analysis

THE PERCEPTION AND EXPERIENCE OF NURSING STUDENTS REGARDING THE USE OF ACTIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES

Abstract Active learning is a way of teaching rather than a particular, specialized technique. It necessitates active student participation in carefully planned teacher-structured classroom activities. Objective: This study aims to explore nursing students' perceptions and experiences regarding using active learning strategies. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the private nursing institute in Karachi, Pakistan, from May to August 2023. Moreover, this study used a convenient sampling technique. The eighty-seven student participants are included in this study. Results: The survey results reveal that a substantial proportion of nursing students strongly agree with the effectiveness and benefits of active learning strategies. Specifically, 40.2% strongly agree that active learning enhances their understanding of complex nursing concepts, while 47.1% and 43.7% strongly agree that active learning activities are more engaging than traditional lectures. Furthermore, 55.2% strongly agree that active learning helps them retain and apply knowledge effectively, and 51.7% strongly agree that it encourages teamwork and collaboration among nursing students. Notably, 83.9% of students prefer active learning over traditional lecture-based teaching. Additionally, 35.6% strongly believe that nursing education can enhance the implementation of active learning strategies through learning objectives. Conclusion: The survey overwhelmingly supports active learning strategies among nursing students. Most strongly agree that active learning enhances understanding, engagement, and knowledge retention, favoring it over traditional lectures, mainly through case studies. Many also believe that integrating clear learning objectives can enhance its effectiveness. These findings underscore the widespread acknowledgment of active learning's positive impact on nursing education, emphasizing its role in improving comprehension and student engagement

نوآبادیاتی اور شعریاتی تناظر میں انیسویں صدی کے نظری مباحث

Nineteenth-century theoretical discourse in a colonial and poetic context .When nineteenth-century ideological debates are discussed in a colonial and poetic context, the names Azad, Hali, and Shibli come to the fore. The search for references to poetry in Urdu literature and the study of its applied forms rely heavily on contemporary literary criticism. The poetic landscape of the 19th century does not reflect the oppression of the colonial system, but it is nonetheless a favor of the West and a response to the impulses of colonial thought. There is also room for preference. There is also room for experimentation on ghazal structure and identification. The mind is also interested in resources. The main theme of ghazals is love, and the sweetness of the love element of ghazals is called tagzal. Ghazal, an Urdu language, also has expressions for sex, but sex here is a human emotion, not an animal one. But above all, it has become a center of pleasure and soul aesthetics. Ghazal's sexual passion, the quest for beauty, the concept of caste perfection, the breadth, universality, and balance of his intellectual area was created

Aortic Valve Involvement In A Patient with Alkaptonuria:

Inborn Error of Metabolism (IEM) is a group of uncommon disorders which has wide spectrum of presentation. Up till now more than 300 diseases have been documented. High probability of suspicion has to be kept in mind while diagnosing IEM. We report a 56 years old male who presented to the cardiologist with dyspnoea on exertion and chest pain. Further workup revealed aortic stenosis with single vessel coronary artery disease. Given his phenotypic appearance and history of premature large joint arthritis with right hip joint replacement at relatively young age led to the clinical diagnosis of alkaptonuria. He showed symptomatic improvement with medical treatment and was advised coronary artery bypass grafting with aortic valve replacement. Alkaptonuria is a genetic condition in which excessive amount of homogentisic acid is deposited in multiple organs of the body such as joints, skin, blood vessels, eye and heart. The most common manifestation is disabling arthritis leading to premature joint replacement. The involvement of cardiovascular system is reported rarely

Use of ICT in Collection Management of Public Libraries in Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract Objectives of the study: This study is about the assessing of use of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) in Collection Management (CM) of Public Libraries in Punjab (PLsP), Pakistan. Research Design:The study was conducted in seventeen PLsP. Target population was the Head Librarians(HLs) of the selected PLsP. Data regarding current status of ICT apparatus, IT staff, available ICT resources and usage of ICT in CM was collected from the concerned HLs through a comprehensive questionnaire. The questionnaire having mostly closed ended questions was constructed in the light of extensive literature review. The data collected from HLs was analyzed and interpreted manually. Key Findings: Present status of ICT apparatus, IT staff & available ICT resources like internet in PLs was found unsatisfactory and lack of IT professionals & skilled IT staff was note over there. The respondents found convinced about the importance of ICT in CM. Status of usage of ICT in CM was found poor. Absence of required ICT related staff training was also noted. Scarcity of needed funds for ICT and interrupted power supply were found as the pressing issues in PLsP. Practical Implication: PLsP were recommended to develop their ICT apparatus, ensure qualified IT staff, and enrich their available ICT resources to improve their status of usage of ICT in CM. ICT training of staff, availability of needed funds and arrangements for uninterrupted power supply were also recommended

ادبی تاریخ نویسی: بنیادی مباحث

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mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} The history of writing literary histories is not so old. There hundred years back it was started the early history were written according to the principals set by the writer himself but when there were a reasonable number of the literary histories come on the scene, the people engaged with this field of study tried to set some objective principals and methodologies to write a comprehensive history. This article deals with these issues.  </p