Filosofía y religión en la Grecia antigua

This book brings together a number of researchers of different nationalities to reflect on religion and philosophy in ancient Greece. These scholars have been convened by the Brazilian research group Delphos and discuss, in particular, how religious and philosophical thought intertwined during this period. Among the papers collected here, several are devoted to epic and philosophical literature before Plato. The others deal, alongside this great classical philosopher, with Aristotle and Philo of Alexandria. These contributions allow us to recognise how the vision of the cosmos, metaphysics and human life are intertwined in Greek thought. A journey is made from traditional Greek religion to its philosophical reinterpretations, reaching as far as the monotheistic God of Judaism made known in the Hellenic language. The nature of the cosmos, investigated scientifically, is no stranger to the Greeks' view of the divine, but neither is ethics, with all its demands. Thus, these studies provide a kaleidoscopic view of the various points of view from which nature, the human condition and divinity are approached through the eyes of ancient Greek literature

Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia type II: case report

The cryoglobulinemic syndrome is produced by precipitating immunoglobulins at low temperatures. Its production is associated with several causes, such as lymphoproliferative disorders, chronic infections and autoimmune disorders. However, the etiology is unknow. There are three types of cryoglobulins. Type II and III are the mixed. Type III produce a systemic vasculitis with diverse clinical manifestations. Palpable purpura is the most common, accompanied by arthralgia, neuropathy and type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. We present a case of a 71 years old male patient with renal failure, nephritic syndrome, arterial hypertension and palpable purpuric skin lesions in members, thorax and abdomen. During hospitalization essential mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis and type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was  diagnosed. Complementary methods, treatment instituted and the patient's clinical course are described

Kinetic studies on the biosorption of phenol by nanoparticles from Spirulina sp. LEB 18

A kinetic study on the biosorption of phenol by nanoparticles from Spirulina sp. LEB 18 was carried out. The Spirulina sp. nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. Kinetic curves of phenol biosorption were obtained in batch system, being verified the effects of initial concentration (50, 150, 250 and 450 mg L 1) and stirring rate (50, 200 and 400 rpm). The models of pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich, Bangham, general order and Weber–Morris were used for the kinetic interpretations. Spirulina sp. nanoparticles were stable, monodisperse, spherical with mean diameter of 230 nm. The phenol biosorption was a relatively fast process, being favored at higher values of initial concentration and stirring rate. Pseudo-second order and general order models showed satisfactory fit with the experimental data and the maximum biosorption capacity was around 101 mg g 1. From the Weber– Morris analysis, it was found that external mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion occurred during the phenol biosorption on Spirulina sp. nanoparticles. The externalmass transfer was faster at higher values of initial concentration and stirring rate, and the intraparticle diffusion was favored at high initial concentrations

Reflectance spectra of Titan tholin between 7000 and 10 cm-1. Interpretation of Cassini/CIRS observation of Saturn's satellite Phoebe

International audienceContext. Laboratory experiments provide a great support to astronomical studies in that they are the most suited technique to reproduce, model and interpret the observational data. Aims: We investigate the spectroscopic properties of particulate and flat slab of tholin samples in a wide MIR and FIR spectral range at cryogenic temperature to contribute to the interpretation of the observation of Saturn satellite Phoebe obtained with the Cassini CIRS instrument. Methods: Reflectance spectra of Titan tholin were obtained in the 7000-10 cm-1 spectral region by a Fourier transform spectrometer operating in vacuum. Several optical setups were used to cover this wide spectral range. Specular and diffuse reflectance spectra were obtained. A cryostat was interfaced to the spectrometer for reflectance measurements at low temperatures. It was cooled by a continuum flux of cryogenic fluid from about 300 to 72 K. Results: It is shown that powder and slab tholin have a different reflectance that depends on geometrical factors and wavelength ranges. The emissivity of Phoebe is reproduced by flat slab tholin covered by a thin layer of water ice. Conclusions: A considerable amount of compact smooth millimeter-size carbonaceous compounds are present on the Phoebe satellite covered with water ice and tholin regolith. This confirms a surface highly processed by small object impacts and a peculiar nature of Phoebe with respect to other Saturn satellites. It could be a primitive Kuiper belt object captured by Saturn that contains an high amount of HCN-like polymers active in prebiotic chemistry

Detección de factores de riesgo para enfermedad renal en adolescentes

La prevalencia de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), en nuestro país supera el 12% de la población adulta y su prevalencia a nivel mundial asciende al 17 % de los individuos mayores de 20 años (2). Las principales causas etiológicas de la enfermedad renal crónica terminal (ERCT) en el mundo y en Latinoamérica, son la diabetes (DBT) y la hipertensión arterial (HTA). La diabetes se encuentra en franco ascenso debido al incremento de la incidencia de obesidad. Material y métodos: objetivo: Detección de los factores de riesgo (HTA, diabetes, dislipemia, obesidad y tabaquismo) para enfermedad renal en alumnos adolescentes mayores de 16 años del Colegio Manuel Belgrano, UNC, de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal con alumnos del Colegio Nacional Manuel Belgrano, de la Ciudad de Córdoba Argentina, en los meses de mayo y junio de 2011. Se incluyeron alumnos de ambos sexos, mayores de 16 años. Resultados: La muestra incluyó 93 alumnos. El 3% de los estudiantes presentaron HTA Fase 1; y el 3% eran prehipertensos. Solo 1 caso tenía HTA sistólica y diastólica, el resto solo sistólica. En los varones 1 de 53 pacientes (1,88%) tuvo una circunferencia abdominal mayor a 102 cm. y en las mujeres 3 de 40 pacientes (7,50%) tuvo una circunferencia abdominal mayor a 88 cm. Se encontró una correlación significativa entre HTAS y circunferencia abdominal (0,28 con P< 0,01) y entre el sexo femenino y la circunferencia abdominal (0,35 con P< 0,001). Conclusión: La asociación entre el aumento de la circunferencia abdominal y prevalencia de HTA ratifica que la determinación de la circunferencia abdominal en niños y adolescentes obesos constituye un método adecuado y preciso para identificar el patrón de distribución graso y para predecir situaciones de riesgo cardiovascular. Los pacientes con prehipertensión se asociaron con falta de actividad física y posiblemente con malos hábitos dietéticos y uno de ellos con aumento del IMC y la cintura abdominal, el paciente con hipertensión se relacionó con antecedentes familiares de hipertensión, con falta de actividad física y con malos hábitos dietéticos

Ambiente sonoro mais utilizado e reconhecimento da fala em pacientes usuários de implante coclear

Los implantes cocleares permiten seleccionar diferentes entornos sonoros para facilitar la escucha en distintos ambientes auditivos. El objetivo fue analizar el reconocimiento de palabras y oraciones en los entornos sonoros Cotidiano, Ruido y Focalizado en usuarios de implante coclear y; relacionar el reconocimiento con el entorno sonoro más utilizado. Material y método: Es un estudio transversal, en el cual se entrevistó, mediante un cuestionario, a 20 usuarios de procesador Freedom o CP810, de entre 15 y 76 años. Se evaluó el reconocimiento del habla mediante palabras y oraciones en los entornos Cotidiano, Ruido y Focalizado en ambientes simulados según las características acústicas para las cuales fue creada cada opción; y se clasificó en Muy bueno, Bueno, Regular y Malo. Resultados: En todos los entornos el reconocimiento fue en general Muy bueno. La mayoría de pacientes obtuvo reconocimiento Muy bueno en Cotidiano. Sin embargo, con ruido de fondo, Focalizado incluyó al mayor número de pacientes con reconocimiento Muy bueno. La totalidad de pacientes manifestó preferencia por algún entorno, siendo Cotidiano el más elegido. El 70% de pacientes utili- za el entorno que le permite la mejor performance de escucha, mientras que el 30% elige una opción diferente a la que le permite alcanzar el mayor reconocimiento del habla tanto de palabras como de oraciones. Se sugiere que el especialista evalúe el rendimiento en cada entorno para asesorar a los pacientes sobre los beneficios de las diferentes opciones de escucha. Simultáneamente, impulsar investigaciones en nuestra población acerca de esta temática.Cochlear implants allow choose between diferents “sound environments” to make listening easier in different auditory environments. The aim was to analyze words and sentences recognition in Everyday, Noise and Focus in cochlear implants users. Relate the recognition with the most “sound environment” used. Material and method: Cross-sectional study. Twenty cochlear implants users were interviewed through a questionnaire. They were using Freedom or CP810 processors. The age range was between 15 and 76 years. Words and sentences perception with Everyday, Noise and Focus was evaluated in simulated environments according to the acoustic characteristics for which each option was created. Recognition was classified in Very Good, Good, Regular and Bad. Results: Mostly, speech recognition was very good in all “sound environments ”. The majority of patients obtained very good recognition in Everyday. However, with background noise, Focus was better. All patients preferred some “sound environment”. Everyday was the most chosen. 70% of patients used the “sound environment” that give them the best listening performance but 30% choose a wrong option. It is suggested that the specialist assess the speech recognition in each “sound environment” to advise patients about the benefits of different listening options. Simultaneously, to promote research in our population on this topic.Implantes cocleares permitem selecionar diferentes ambientes sonoros para facilitar a audição em diferentes situações de escuta. O objetivo foi analisar o reconhecimento de palavras e frases em ambientes sonoros Cotidiano, Ruído e Focalizado nos usuários de implante coclear; relacionar reconhecimento com o ambiente sonoro mais utilizado. Material e método: É um estudo transversal em que foram entrevistados por questionário 20 usuários de Freedom ou processador CP810, entre 15 e 76 anos. Reconhecimento da fala foi avaliada usando palavras e frases em Cotidiano, Ruído e Focalizado em ambientes simulados de acordo as características acusticas de cada opção; e ele se classificou em Muito bom, Bom, Regular e Mau. Resultados: Em todos os ambientes o reconhecimento foi geralmente Muito bom. A maioria dos pacientes obteve reconhecimento Muito bom em Cotidiano. No entanto, com o ruído de fundo, Focalizado inclui-o o maior número de pacientes com reconhecimento Muito bom. Todos os pacientes manifestaram preferência por algum ambiente, sendo Cotidiano o mais escolhido. Em 70% dos pacientes, utiliza o ambiente preferido que oferece o maior reconhecimento da fala, enquanto 30% preferem uma opção diferente que lhe permite alcançar o maior reconhecimento da fala em palavras e frases. Sugere-se que o especialista avaliar o desempenho de cada ambiente para aconselhar os pacientes sobre os benefícios de opções de escuta. Simultaneamente impulsionar pesquisa em nossa população sobre este assunto.Fil: Muratore, Jimena. Instituto del Oído Dr. Nicenboim; ArgentinaFil: Hinalaf, María de Los Angeles. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Transferencia en Acústica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Trivella, Pamela. Tecnosalud SA; ArgentinaFil: Maggi, Ana Luz. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Transferencia en Acústica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Perez Villalobo, Jorge Alejandro. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Transferencia en Acústica; ArgentinaFil: Dotto, Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentin