57 research outputs found
Atopic dermatitis prevention in children following maternal probiotic supplementation does not appear to be mediated by breast milk TSLP or TGF-β
Prevalence of Childhood Atopic Dermatitis: An Urban and Rural Community-Based Study in Shanghai, China
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory and chronically relapsing disorder with increasing prevalence. However, little is known about its prevalence in Shanghai, the top metropolitan of China. This study will estimate and compare the prevalence of AD in urban and rural areas in representative samples of 3 to 6-year-old children in Shanghai. Methodology/Principal Findings: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Pre-school children were obtained by cluster sampling from 8 communities in different districts in Shanghai. The main instrument was the core questionnaire module for AD used in the U.K. Working Partyâs study. All the data were statistically analyzed by EpiData 3.1 and SPSS16.0. A total of 10436 children completed the study satisfactorily, with a response rate of 95.8%. The prevalence of AD in 3 to 6-year-old children was 8.3 % (Male: 8.5%, Female: 8.2%). The prevalence in urban areas of Shanghai was gradiently and significantly higher than that in rural areas. The highest prevalence was in the core urban area (10.2 % in Xuhui Tianping) vs. the lowest far from the urban areas (4.6 % in Chongming Baozhen). Conclusions/Significance: The prevalence of AD was 8.3 % (95%CI: 7.6%â9.1%) in children aged 3 to 6 in Shanghai. Th
A primary health-care intervention on pre- and postnatal risk factor behavior to prevent childhood allergy. The Prevention of Allergy among Children in Trondheim (PACT) study
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a primary prevention intervention program on risk
behavior for allergic diseases among children up to 2 years of age. The setting was in ordinary pre- and postnatal
primary health care in Trondheim, Norway.
Methods: The Prevention of Allergy among Children in Trondheim, Norway (PACT) study invited all pregnant
women and parents to children up to 2 years of age in the community to participate in a non-randomized,
controlled, multiple life-style intervention study. Interventional topics was increased dietary intake of cod liver oil
and oily fish for women during pregnancy and for infants during the first 2 years of life, reduced parental smoking
and reduced indoor dampness. A control cohort was established prior to the intervention cohort with âfollow up
as usualâ. Questionnaires were completed in pregnancy, 6 weeks after birth and at 1 and 2 years of age. Trends in
exposure and behavior are described.
Results: Intake of oily fish and cod liver oil increased statistically significantly among women and infants in the
intervention cohort compared to the control cohort. There was a low postnatal smoking prevalence in both
cohorts, with a trend towards a decreasing smoking prevalence in the control cohort. There was no change in
indoor dampness or in behavior related to non- intervened life-style factors.
Conclusions: The dietary intervention seemed to be successful. The observed reduced smoking behavior could
not be attributed to the intervention program, and the latter had no effect on indoor dampness
Beyond technology: A research agenda for social sciences and humanities research on renewable energy in Europe
This article enriches the existing literature on the importance and role of the social sciences and humanities (SSH) in renewable energy sources research by providing a novel approach to instigating the future research agenda in this field. Employing a series of in-depth interviews, deliberative focus group workshops and a systematic horizon scanning process, which utilised the expert knowledge of 85 researchers from the field with diverse disciplinary backgrounds and expertise, the paper develops a set of 100 priority questions for future research within SSH scholarship on renewable energy sources. These questions were aggregated into four main directions: (i) deep transformations and connections to the broader economic system (i.e. radical ways of (re)arranging socio-technical, political and economic relations), (ii) cultural and geographical diversity (i.e. contextual cultural, historical, political and socio-economic factors influencing citizen support for energy transitions), (iii) complexifying energy governance (i.e. understanding energy systems from a systems dynamics perspective) and (iv) shifting from instrumental acceptance to value-based objectives (i.e. public support for energy transitions as a normative notion linked to trust-building and citizen engagement). While this agenda is not intended to beâand cannot beâexhaustive or exclusive, we argue that it advances the understanding of SSH research on renewable energy sources and may have important value in the prioritisation of SSH themes needed to enrich dialogues between policymakers, funding institutions and researchers. SSH scholarship should not be treated as instrumental to other research on renewable energy but as intrinsic and of the same hierarchical importance.acceptedVersio
Social Sciences and Humanities priority 100 research questions for renewable energy in Horizon Europe
Administration of two probiotic strains during early childhood does not affect the endogenous gut microbiota composition despite probiotic proliferation
Allergic contact sensitization in the general adult population: a population-based study from Northern Norway
An evalution of atopic diseases in relation to immediate skin test reactions among schoolchildren in the Sor-Varanger community
Ever Eczema and Itchy Rash in Relation to Domestic Environments in Primary School Children
Mould Allergy in Schoolchildren in Relation to Airborne Fungi and Residential Characteristics in Homes and Schools in Northern Norway
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