Hybrydowy system zasilania oświetlenia publicznego w mniejszych gminach

This article deals with the possibility of public lighting power from renewable resources, it means of a hybrid system consisting of solar panels and wind power. The factual data for dimensioning the system was obtainedby extensive exploration of the state and consumption of public lighting in the villages of the Czech Republic. The article contains an economic reasoning and analysis of investment costs compared to cable distribution.Artykuł ten traktuje o możliwościach zasilania oświetlenia publicznego z odnawialnych źródeł energii, czyli systemu hybrydowego skladającego się z paneli słonecznych i elektrowni wiatrowej. Szczegółowe dane użyte do wszelkich wyliczeń uzyskano na podstawie szerokich badań dotyczączch stanu i zużycia energii przez oświetlenie publiczne w gmianch Republiki Czeskiej. Artykuł zawiera w sobe także uwagę ekonomiczną i analizę wydatków inwestycyjnych w porównaniu z siecią kablową

Academic Achievement, School Absence and Self-Concept in Czech Prepubescent Children with Overweight and Obesity

Problem. The paper offers findings about selected educational aspects of children’s academic performance, examined here in terms of sociodemographic variables, BMI percentile values, cognitive test scores, weight bias internalization scale and self­ ­concept scale with an aim to detect whether and to what extent these factors contribute to children’s school results. Methods. 557 fifth graders were administered Vana’s Intelligence Test, the Piers‑Harris 2 self­‑concept questionnaire and other tools. Children’s educational aspects were assessed in terms of school Absence, Grade Point Average, and Czech and Mathematics grades, with data obtained from their most recent report cards under the Informed consent of their legal representatives and in compliance with ethical standards. Results. Prepubescent children from stronger socio­‑economic backgrounds suffer from overweight/obesity less often and perform slightly better at school. The present results suggest a link between weight bias internalization and overweight/obesity, and a somewhat weaker link between self­‑concept and overweight/obesity in the non­‑clinical population of prepubescent children. In these relationships of overweight/obese children, as in the cases of alarmingly high school absence, gender is an important variable. Multinomial logistic regression modelling the relationship between Czech and Mathematics grades and selected factors discovered that chances for a worse grade were significantly reduced by the results of Vana’s Intelligence Test in both the subjects, while the Self‑concept total score proved to be an insignificant factor. Conversely, pupils’ Czech grades were negatively influenced by increased BMI (quartile), higher Absence rate, male Gender, Presence of only one parent in the family and WBI, while in Mathematics, in addition to the above­ ­discussed, significant regressors only included Absence and Presence of only one parent. Discussions. The results of the Self‑concept total score, the level of which is generally lower in girls than in boys in the population of Czech prepubescent children, agree with other authors’ experience. The connection between the male sex and poorer performance in Czech can be partly explained by the fact that the development of speech, reading, writing and grammar is generally less complicated for school­‑age girls than boys. We can ask why a higher BMI quartile increases the chances of a worse grade only in the case of Czech language? So far, we can only speculate about the causes. In our opinion, it is possible that the impact of parents’ education on the performance of children of this age is more pronounced in the Czech language (compared to Mathematics). The other possibility of the impact of the BMI quartile on the Czech grade is the significant predominance of boys in the o/o group. On the other hand, it should be noted that this argument would not explain the o/o children’s poorer Grade Point Average score. However, we believe that the above reasons answer partially this question. Conclusion. The vulnerability of o/o girls is pronounced in some domains of Selfconcept and Weight bias internalization, while in boys it is reflected in the more frequent occurrence of high levels of Absenteeism, with the precise causes of this being still subject to speculation. In this regard, workers in the cooperating professions should pay continuous attention to strengthening the desirable aspects of education and healthy lifestyle among vulnerable groups of children. Educational aspects of overweight/obese children should therefore continue to receive increased attention

Very low-carbohydrate high-fat diet improves risk markers for cardiometabolic health more than exercise in men and women with overfat constitution: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled clinical trial

Purpose: This randomized controlled parallel-group study examined the effects of a very low-carbohydrate high-fat (VLCHF) diet and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program over 12-weeks on cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with overfat constitution. Methods: Ninety-one participants out of 109 completed the study. The participants were randomly allocated to the HIIT (N = 22), VLCHF (N = 25), VLCHF+HIIT (N = 25), or control (N = 19) groups for 12 weeks. Fasting plasma samples were collected before the intervention and after 4 and 12 weeks. The analyzed outcomes included complete blood count, glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein (HDL-C and LDL-C), lipoprotein(a), adiponectin (Adpn), leptin (Lep), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), other interleukins (hs-IL-6, IL-1 beta, and IL-10), and IL-1RA. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Adpn/Lep ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio, and TyG index were calculated and analyzed. Blood pressure was measured before the intervention, after 4, 8, and 12 weeks (: NCT03934476). Results: Absolute changes in HOMA-IR, Adpn/Lep ratio, LDL-C, and diastolic blood pressure after 12 weeks differed by study groups (p < 0.05). The most pronounced changes were revealed in the VLCHF (& UDelta;M [95% CI]; HOMA-IR: -0.75 [-1.13; -0.55]; Adpn/Lep: 9.34 [6.33; 37.39]; LDL-C: 0.06 [-0.12; 0.50] mmol/l) and VLCHF+HIIT (HOMA-IR: -0.44 [-1.14; 0.12]; Adpn/Lep: 4.26 [2.24; 13.16]; LDL-C: 0.25 [-0.04; 0.50] mmol/l) groups. Conclusions: A 12-week VLCHF diet intervention in individuals with overfat constitution is effective for favorable changes in HOMA-IR (compared to HIIT), Adpn/Lep ratio, and diastolic blood pressure. HIIT, or HIIT combined with the VLCHF diet, had no additional benefits for the analyzed variables. No adverse side effects were observed.Web of Science9art. no. 86769

Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

Although machine learning (ML) has shown promise across disciplines, out-of-sample generalizability is concerning. This is currently addressed by sharing multi-site data, but such centralization is challenging/infeasible to scale due to various limitations. Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative paradigm for accurate and generalizable ML, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here we present the largest FL study to-date, involving data from 71 sites across 6 continents, to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for the rare disease of glioblastoma, reporting the largest such dataset in the literature (n = 6, 314). We demonstrate a 33% delineation improvement for the surgically targetable tumor, and 23% for the complete tumor extent, over a publicly trained model. We anticipate our study to: 1) enable more healthcare studies informed by large diverse data, ensuring meaningful results for rare diseases and underrepresented populations, 2) facilitate further analyses for glioblastoma by releasing our consensus model, and 3) demonstrate the FL effectiveness at such scale and task-complexity as a paradigm shift for multi-site collaborations, alleviating the need for data-sharing

Author Correction: Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

10.1038/s41467-023-36188-7NATURE COMMUNICATIONS14

Federated Learning Enables Big Data for Rare Cancer Boundary Detection

Although machine learning (ML) has shown promise across disciplines, out-of-sample generalizability is concerning. This is currently addressed by sharing multi-site data, but such centralization is challenging/infeasible to scale due to various limitations. Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative paradigm for accurate and generalizable ML, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here we present the largest FL study to-date, involving data from 71 sites across 6 continents, to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for the rare disease of glioblastoma, reporting the largest such dataset in the literature (n = 6, 314). We demonstrate a 33% delineation improvement for the surgically targetable tumor, and 23% for the complete tumor extent, over a publicly trained model. We anticipate our study to: 1) enable more healthcare studies informed by large diverse data, ensuring meaningful results for rare diseases and underrepresented populations, 2) facilitate further analyses for glioblastoma by releasing our consensus model, and 3) demonstrate the FL effectiveness at such scale and task-complexity as a paradigm shift for multi-site collaborations, alleviating the need for data-sharing

Technical solution of individual entrepreneur's accounting

The bachelor's thesis deals with the technical accounting of an independent entrepreneur which also represents the tax records and records of income and receivables.The theoretical part primarily provides an overview of the possibilities of records and the transition between them. Follows programs for accounting, invoicing and single-entry accounting with comments how to proceed in their selection. A potential option is also the use of external bookkeeping services. In the end of the part is protection of data related to the activities of the entrepreneur.The final market research is partly based on the needs of 5 sample independent entrepreneurs, for someone it is appropriate to use invoicing programs, the quality of settings and the ratio of price to offered functions is evaluated. The following is a decision between accounting programs and recommendations for sample entrepreneurs. To give an idea of the prices of external bookkeeping, the annual cost was calculated for each.Bakalářská práce pojednává o technickém vedení účetnictví samostatného podnikatele, které představuje také daňovou evidenci a evidenci příjmů a pohledávek.Teoretická část v první řadě poskytuje přehled o možnostech evidence a přechodu mezi nimi. Následují programy pro fakturaci, daňovou evidenci a vedení účetnictví s komentářem, jak postupovat při jejich výběru. Potenciální variantou je taktéž využití služeb externího vedení účetnictví a nesmí se zapomínat na zálohování a ochranu dat související s činností podnikatele.Závěrečný průzkum trhu se zčásti odvíjí od potřeb 5 ukázkových samostatných podnikatelů, pro některé je vhodné užívání fakturačních programů, hodnocena je kvalita nastavení a poměr ceny k nabízeným funkcím. Následuje rozhodování mezi účetními programy a doporučení pro ukázkové podnikatele. Pro představu o cenách externího vedení účetnictví, byla zkalkulována roční nákladovost pro každého

Mitigation of the Dutch Disease consequences in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates

This bachelor thesis aims to describe the concept of The Dutch Disease which frequently occurs in commodity rich countries. Therefore, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates were chosen as two geographically similar countries heavily affected by oil production. Both states, however, have decided to apply different approaches of capital inflow management. The thesis explains The Dutch Disease theory as well as various solutions which are mostly used for its negative impact mitigation. The last part of the thesis focuses on the macroanalysis of both countries. The results show better diversified export portfolio in The United Arab Emirates. This helps to reduce the negative economic shocks mostly caused by low oil prices. Although Saudi Arabia lacks in export diversification, both countries have been able to integrate good inflow capital management into their economies. Thus, one of the negative impacts of The Dutch Disease which is real exchange appreciation does not occur. However, lagging tradable sector is still an enormous issue for both countries.Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou holandské nemoci, která se často vyskytuje u států bohatých na nerostné suroviny. Proto byly v práci analyzovány dvě geograficky blízké země, Saudská Arábie a Spojené arabské emiráty, jejichž vývoj byl těžbou ropy významně ovlivněn. Oba státy volí mírně odlišné přístupy k nakládání s výrazným přísunem kapitálu z exportu ropy. Cílem práce je tudíž detailní popis konceptu holandské nemoci a jejího dopadu do ekonomiky. Dále je v práci vysvětleno, jakých řešení pro snížení negativních důsledků holandské nemoci je možné využít. Závěr práce se zaměřuje na analýzu makroekonomických ukazatelů Saudské Arábie a Spojených arabských emirátů. Z výsledků analýzy lze vyčíst vyšší míru diverzifikace exportního portfolia u Spojených arabských emirátů, což přispívá k redukci ekonomických šoků způsobených zejména nízkými cenami ropy na trhu. Díky kvalitní správě přílivu kapitálu a fixace měnového kurzu k dolaru se hlavní rys holandské nemoci, reálná apreciace měny, výrazně neprojevuje. V obou zemích je však stále patrný zaostávající produktivní obchodovatelný sektor