Climate-Induced Stressors to Peace: A Review Of Recent Literature

Climate change is increasingly recognized as a threat to global peace and security. This paper intends to provide a better understanding of the nature of interactions between climate change and events that undermine peace through a systematic review of recent literature. It highlights major methodological approaches adopted in the literature, elaborates on the geographic focus of the research at the nexus of climate change and peace, and provides further information on how various climatic stressors, such as extreme temperature, floods, sea-level rise, storms, and water stress may be linked to different events that undermine peace (e.g. civil conflict, crime, intercommunal violence, interstate conflict, political conflict, and social conflict) through direct and indirect pathways. Results confirm previous findings that statistical techniques and qualitative case studies are dominant methods in climate-conflict research but show that there has been an increase in the geographic information system based risk analyses and qualitative comparative analyses in the recent years. In line with previous reviews, results show that the literature is mainly focused on certain regions of the world and several major regions that have experienced numerous conflicts over the past few years and/or are vulnerable to adverse climatic events are understudied. However, a new finding is that, in the past few years, there has been an increasing focus on Asia, which contrasts with previous reviews that show an African focus in the literature. Also, there is an unbalanced attention to different climatic stressors and peace-related events. Interactions between water stress/extreme temperature and civil and interstate conflicts have received more attention. A major finding is that, only under certain conditions climatic stressors may act as driving forces or aggravating factors. In fact, there is a strong consensus that climate change is less likely to undermine peace in isolation from a wide range of contextual socio-economic and institutional factors such as political instability, poor governance, poverty, homogeneous livelihood structures, and ethnic fractionalization. However, such contextual factors can contribute to undermining peace via either direct or indirect pathways. The former may occur through direct psychological/physiological effects of climatic impacts or via competition over scarce resources. In contrast, in indirect pathways climate change may lead to conflict through diminishing livelihood capacities and/or inducing migration. In addition to synthesizing literature on contextual factors and direct/indirect pathways, the review identifies gaps that need further research

sj-docx-1-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231167341 – Supplemental material for Reducing waste management scenario space for developing countries: A hierarchical clustering on principal components approach

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231167341 for Reducing waste management scenario space for developing countries: A hierarchical clustering on principal components approach by Gemechu Beyene Mekonnen, Leticia Sarmento dos Muchangos, Lisa Ito and Akihiro Tokai in Waste Management & Research</p

Gender Mainstreaming in the 2030 Agenda: A Focus on Education and Responsible Consumption & Production

Gender equality is a cross-cutting issue that affects all dimensions of sustainable development; women must be at the centre of the 2030 Agenda. Despite the interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the commitment to “leave no one behind,” progress on gender mainstreaming is uneven across the SDGs. This brief looks at two selected areas: education (SDG 4) and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12). Progress has been made on gender mainstreaming in both areas, but there are significant gaps and a holistic approach is lacking

Implementing the 2030 Agenda in Asia and the Pacific: Insights from Voluntary National Reviews

Countries in the Asia-Pacific region are setting up implementation arrangements for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), by instituting governance structures and incorporating the goals in their national policies and plans. While these countries are yet to make progress on some dimensions of governance for the SDGs, they are advancing in many other areas. This policy brief identifies the initial governance challenges they have faced in the process of implementing the 2030 Agenda. The brief also provides policy recommendations for national governments focused on developing inclusive governance structures and fostering stronger localisation efforts to achieve the SDGs