15 research outputs found

    Correlation between antibutyrylcholinesterasic and antioxidant activities of three aqueous extracts from Tunisian Rhus pentaphyllum

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    For centuries, plants have been used in traditional medicines and there has been recent interest in the chemopreventive properties of compounds derived from plants. In the present study, we investigated the antibutyrylcholinestrasic (anti-BuChE) and antioxidant (against some free radicals) activities of extracts from Rhus pentaphyllum. Aqueous extracts were prepared from powdered R. pentaphyllum roots, leaves and seeds and characterized for the presence of tannins, flavonoids and coumarins. Seeds aqueous extract contained the highest quantities of both flavonoids and tannins (21.12% and 17.45% respectively). In the same way, seeds extracts displayed remarkable inhibition against BuChE over 95%, at 100 ÎŒg/ml and with IC50 0.74 ÎŒg/ml. In addition, compared to leaves and roots extracts, seeds aqueous extract revealed relatively strong antiradical activity towards the ABTS.+ (IC50 = 0.25 ÎŒg/ml) and DPPH (IC50 = 2.71 ÎŒg/ml) free radicals and decreased significantly the reactive oxygen species such O2.- (IC50 = 2.9 ÎŒg/ml) formation evaluated by the non-enzymatic generating O2.- system (Nitroblue tetrazolium/riboflavine). These data suggest that the anti-BuChE activities mechanism of these extracts occurs through a free radical scavenging capacities

    Drying Behavior of Bulgur and Its Effect on Phytochemical Content

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    The objective of this study was to determine the influence of two types of dryers (hot air oven and vacuum dryer) and the yellow berry percentage (1.75%, 36.25%, 43.25%) on the drying process and phytochemical content of bulgur. Results showed that the Midilli model successfully described the moisture diffusion during drying at 60 °C in all bulgur samples, where an increase in yellow berry percentage generated an increase in moisture content. Effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) from 7.05 × 10−11 to 7.82 × 10−11 (m2.s−1) and from 7.73 × 10−11 to 7.82 × 10−11 (m2.s−1) for the hot air oven and vacuum dryer, respectively. However, it decreased significantly with a decrease of yellow berry percentage. It was concluded that the vacuum dryer provided faster and more effective drying than the hot air oven. Total polyphenol (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), and yellow pigment contents (YPC) of bulgur were investigated. TPC ranged between 0.54 and 0.64 (mg GAE/g dm); TFC varied from 0.48 to 0.61 (mg QE/g dm). The YPC was found to be between 0.066 and 0.079 (mg ß-carotene/100g dm). Yellow berry percentage positively and significantly affected the TPC, TFC, and YPC contents due to the hard separation of the outer layers from the starchy grain during the debranning step

    Drying Behavior of Bulgur and Its Effect on Phytochemical Content

    No full text
    The objective of this study was to determine the influence of two types of dryers (hot air oven and vacuum dryer) and the yellow berry percentage (1.75%, 36.25%, 43.25%) on the drying process and phytochemical content of bulgur. Results showed that the Midilli model successfully described the moisture diffusion during drying at 60 °C in all bulgur samples, where an increase in yellow berry percentage generated an increase in moisture content. Effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) increased significantly (p ≀ 0.05) from 7.05 × 10−11 to 7.82 × 10−11 (m2.s−1) and from 7.73 × 10−11 to 7.82 × 10−11 (m2.s−1) for the hot air oven and vacuum dryer, respectively. However, it decreased significantly with a decrease of yellow berry percentage. It was concluded that the vacuum dryer provided faster and more effective drying than the hot air oven. Total polyphenol (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), and yellow pigment contents (YPC) of bulgur were investigated. TPC ranged between 0.54 and 0.64 (mg GAE/g dm); TFC varied from 0.48 to 0.61 (mg QE/g dm). The YPC was found to be between 0.066 and 0.079 (mg ß-carotene/100g dm). Yellow berry percentage positively and significantly affected the TPC, TFC, and YPC contents due to the hard separation of the outer layers from the starchy grain during the debranning step

    Les colorants textiles sources de contamination de l’eau : CRIBLAGE de la toxicitĂ© et des mĂ©thodes de traitement

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    Les colorants sont largement utilisĂ©s dans les imprimeries, les produits alimentaires, cosmĂ©tiques et cliniques, mais en particulier dans les industries textiles pour leur stabilitĂ© chimique et la facilitĂ© de leur synthĂšse et leur variĂ©tĂ© de couleurs. Cependant, ces colorants sont Ă  l’origine de la pollution une fois Ă©vacuĂ©s dans l’environnement. La production mondiale des colorants est estimĂ©e Ă  plus de 800 000 t‱an-1 et les colorants azoĂŻques sont majoritaires et reprĂ©sentent 60-70 %. Compte tenu de la composition trĂšs hĂ©tĂ©rogĂšne de ces derniers, leur dĂ©gradation conduit souvent Ă  la conception d’une chaĂźne de traitement physique-chimique et biologique assurant l’élimination des diffĂ©rents polluants par Ă©tapes successives. DĂ©s Ă©tudes ont montrĂ© que plusieurs colorants azoĂŻques sont toxiques et mutagĂšnes et le traitement biologique de ces colorants semble prĂ©senter un intĂ©rĂȘt scientifique majeur. Les traitements physico-chimiques communs (adsorption, coagulation/floculation, prĂ©cipitation etc.) sont couramment utilisĂ©s pour les effluents industriels. MalgrĂ© leur rapiditĂ©, ces mĂ©thodes se sont avĂ©rĂ©es peu efficaces compte tenu des normes exigĂ©es sur ces rejets. Le traitement biologique constitue une alternative fiable; en effet, plusieurs microorganismes sont capables de transformer les colorants azoĂŻques en sous-produits incolores. Les bactĂ©ries dĂ©gradent les colorants azoĂŻques en deux Ă©tapes : un clivage de liaison azo, par l’intermĂ©diaire de l’azorĂ©ductase, suivi d’une oxydation des amines aromatiques formĂ©es lors de la premiĂšre Ă©tape. L’azorĂ©duction constitue alors une Ă©tape clĂ© du traitement des effluents chargĂ©s de ces colorants.Dyes are widely used for industrial, printing, food, cosmetic and clinical purposes as well as textile dyeing because of their chemical stability, ease of synthesis, and versatility. Their stability, however, causes pollution once the dyes are released into the environment in effluents. More than 800,000 tons of dyes are annually produced worldwide, of which 60 to 70% are azo dyes. Considering the heterogeneous composition of these latter dyes, their degradation usually requires a chain of physical, chemical and biological treatments assuring the elimination of different pollutants in successive steps. In addition, some azo dyes are toxic and mutagenic and thus the biological treatment of these dyes is now of major scientific interest. Physical-chemical treatments (adsorption, coagulation/flocculation precipitation, etc.) are usually used for industrial effluents. In spite of their rapidity, these methods have turned out to be ineffective in attaining the standards required for these discharges. As a viable alternative, biological processes are receiving increasing interest owing to their cost effectiveness and their ability to produce less sludge. It has been found that some microorganisms can transform azo dyes into colourless products. Bacterial degradation of azo dyes is often initiated by an enzymatic biotransformation step that involves cleavage of azo linkages with the aid of an azoreductase and an electron donor. As the azoreductase in some microorganisms can catalyze the reductive cleavage of azo groups, they have potential advantages in developing bio-treatment methods of wastewater containing azo compounds

    Study on the Grafting of Chitosan-Essential Oil Microcapsules onto Cellulosic Fibers to Obtain Bio Functional Material

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    The purpose of this work was to prepare chitosan–essential oil microcapsules using the simple coacervation method and to graft them onto cellulosic fibers to obtain bio functional textile. The microcapsules morphology was characterized by optical microscopy. The 2D dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea resin (DMDHEU) was used as a binding agent to graft microcapsules on the surface of cellulosic fibers. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) photographs and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transformed Infrared (ATR-FTIR) analyses were performed to prove the interaction between cellulosic fibers and microcapsules. Furthermore, the properties of the different fabrics such as mechanical strength and air permeability were investigated. Furthermore, washing durability was evaluated. Finally, the antibacterial activity of the finished fibers against the strains Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was evaluated. The results evidence the ability of treated fabrics to induce bacteria growth inhibition. The coacervation method is a simple process to incorporate cinnamon essential oil on the cellulosic fiber’s surface. The use of essential oils as active agents seems to be a promising tool for many protective textile substrates such as antimicrobial masks, bacteriostatic fabrics and healthcare textiles

    Les heures optimales d'administration des corticoĂŻdes

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    L'utilisation thĂ©rapeutique du cortisol et de ses dĂ©rivĂ©s, les corticoĂŻdes anti-inflammatoires, pose des problĂšmes dĂ©licats Ă  rĂ©soudre en raison des rĂŽles physiologiques du cortisol et de ses rythmes circadiens. Le cortisol et la plupart de ses dĂ©rivĂ©s ont des effets dĂ©sirĂ©s et indĂ©sirables qui varient en fonction des heures de leur administration. Une optimisation chronothĂ©rapeutique visant Ă  augmenter les effets dĂ©sirĂ©s et la tolĂ©rance des agents a Ă©tĂ© mise en Ɠuvre pour le traitement substitutif de l'insuffisance cortico-surrĂ©naliennne, pour celui de l'hyperplasie congĂ©nitale des surrĂ©nales et pour celui de l'asthme nocturne. La connaissance des rythmes physiologiques et physiopathologiques relatifs Ă  l'asthme a permis de rĂ©aliser une optimisation de son traitement oral par plusieurs corticoĂŻdes. Cette connaissance a aussi permis de mettre en Ă©vidence les avantages du ciclesonide, un nouveau corticoĂŻde inhalĂ©. Une approche chronobiologique peut donc ĂȘtre mise au service d'une optimisation classique impliquant une modification de la molĂ©cule et l'inhalation comme voie d'administration

    Analysis of the Coloring and Antibacterial Effects of Natural Dye: Pomegranate Peel

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    This work aims to conduct an eco-friendly textile finishing process by applying agricultural by-products as a dye for the finishing of polyamide fabrics. A natural dye was obtained from pomegranate peel extract. Polyamide fabrics were dyed at different conditions, and four mordanting agents were tested. The finished fabrics were analyzed in terms of CIE L, a, b and color yield (K/S) values, as well as washing fastness, rubbing fastness, light fastness and antibacterial activity. Results show that pomegranate peel extract could dye polyamide fabrics. The rubbing and washing fastness of the finished samples was good. The light fastness was fair, and its antibacterial efficiency against the tested bacteria was good
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