Peran Keluarga dalam Mendorong Kualitas Pembelajaran di Sekolah menurut konsep Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Romo Mangun

The background of this research is a study that tries to explore the role of the family in encouraging the quality of learning in schools according to the concept of Ki Hadjar Deawantara  and Romo Mangun. The two ideas of educational figures that are presented in this simple work are recognized as being able to answer the challenges of implementing contemporary education which is considered to be far from the expectations of the community. Where the implementation of education is still carried out mechanically which is proven to distance students from their culture and the management of education is carried out with the principle of profit oriented (seeking profit). The type of research used in this study uses a library research approach . The data collection technique in this study is a library through written sources such as books, journals, research reports, and sources from the internet. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used in this study is descriptive analysis. The results of this study include the following: First, Ki Hadjar Dewantara, the idea of educational thinking is oriented towards the principle of human independence, students Given freedom in recognizing its culture, and the principle of togetherness. Second, Romo Mangun, emphasized the importance of education oriented towards humanizing the implementation of education with the concept of Basic Education Dynamics (BED) and equipping small communities and groups weak to recognize his right in education. Third, the relevance of the  educational ideas of  Ki Hadjar Dewantara and Romo Mangun to the current implementation of education, namely that the current management of education runs without clear orientation and tends to be profit oriented without regard to  clear out puts. As a result, out put education cannot answer the needs of learners and relatively distances students from their culture and education can exploit  its learners. Therefore , it is important that the educational concept of Ki Hadjar Dewantara and Romo Mangun be reapplied to overcome current educational problems. The suggestions in this study are as follows : (1) The design of education policies before they are implemented must pass the socialization stage with the parents of students or the community so that the community moreover, parents of students can understand the purpose and objectives of the policy, (2) The management of learning as much as possible must involve the parents of  students such as determining the determination of strategic decisions relating to the future of learners, (3) The implementation of learning in schools should be free from discriminatory practices and forms of injustice , distancing students from their environment, (4) Cooperation between school management and parents of  students must continue to be improved so that there is synergy between schools with parents of students in improving the growth and development of  students both in the school environment and outside the school

Community Participation in Sanitation Kampung Program, Surakarta

Background: Indonesia ranks third in the world in the number of people with limited access to sanitation. Surakarta municipality government in collaboration with local drinking water supplier (PDAM) operate Indonesian Urban Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (IUWASH) to overcome sanitation problems in the form of Sanitation Kampung Program in Semanggi Village, Surakarta. This study aimed to review community participation in Sanitation Kampung Program, Semanggi Village.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted at RW 23, Semanggi Village, Pasar Kliwon subdistrict, Surakarta, Central Java. Informants were selected purposively for this study comprising 12 community members as key informants, 2 community leaders, head of Sanitation Kampung Program, and 1 environmental health expert as supporting informants, The data were collected by in-depth interview, focus group discussion, and document review. Data credibility was checked by triangulation. The data were analyzed by content analysis. Results: At the beginning of Sanitation Kampung Program planning there were some pros and cons from the community. Some of the community accepted the program but some others refused it due to negative perception that Sanitation Kampung Program would cause bad smell and pollute well water. In order to overcome community refusal toward Sanitation Kampung Program, IUWASH, Surakarta municipality government, and community leaders, carried out socialization, community approach, and study tour to other places. In the end, the community accepted Sanitation Kampung Program. Community members participated the program by providing support for water and sanitation facility development. Community members made use of the water and sanitation facility for daily activities. They also maintained the water and sanitation facility.Conclusion: By developing good and trustable collaboration, community participate in Sanitation Kampung Program from planning, developing, using, and maintenance of the water and sanitation facility.Keywords: water, sanitation, community, participation, programCorrespondence: Anak Agung Alit Kirti Estuti Narendra Putri. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285643231616.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(3): 257-271https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.03.0

The Role of Non-Governmental Organization in Sanitation Village Program in Semanggi Village, Surakarta

Background: Sanitation Village Program is one of notable community-based water supply and sanitation development models in Indonesia. A Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) namely Community Self-Reliant Group had been established in Semanggi Village Surakarta, to manage Sanitation Village Program. This study aimed to examine the role of non-governmental organization in sanitation village program in Semanggi Village, Surakarta. Subjects and Method: This was an analytical qualitative study with phenomenology approach. The study was carried out in Semanggi Village, Surakarta, Central Java, in June 2017. The informants were selected consisting of 12 community members and 3 community leaders. The data were collected by in-depth interview and focus group discussion. The data were analyze using content analysis. Results: A Community Self-Reliant Group had been established in Semanggi Village, Surakarta, to manage Sanitation Village Program. This group had the responsibility to manage maintenance of water and sanitation facilities, including checking septic communal tanks, checking water facilities and latrines at resident houses, as well as repairing damaged water and sanitation facilities. In addition, the Community Self-Reliant Group had a financial management responsibility role, including financial accounting of sanitation maintenance costs. The group also acted as communication intermediary between community member, community leaders, and external agents such as Public Agency of Water Supply, to solve water and sanitation-related problems. Conclusion: Community Self-Reliant Group has an important role in managing various maintenance activities of water and sanitation facilities, including checking septic communal tanks, checking water facilities and latrines at resident houses, as well as repairing damaged water and sanitation facilities. Community Self-Reliant Group can serve as a role model of community empowerment in achieving populations health. Keywords: community self-reliant group, sanitation village program, environmental healt

Knowledge, Attitude, Sexual Behavior, Family Support, and Their Associations with HIV/AIDS Status in Housewives

Background: Approximately 36.7 million people in the world were infected by HIV and 2.1 million new cases occured in 2015. A total of 191,073 HIV cases were reported in Indonesia in 2016, including 77,940 AIDS cases, and 13,247 deaths. Housewives ranked highest among HIV/AIDS patients in Indonesia. This study aimed to investigate knowledge, attitude, sexual behavior, family support, and their associations with HIV status in housewives using PRECEDE PROCEED model.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Toroh community health center, Grobogan, Central Java, in July, 2017. A total sample of 129 housewives were selected for this study using exhaustive sampling technique. The dependent variable was HIV status. The independent variables were knowledge, attitude, sexual behavior, and family support. The data was measured by a set of questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis.Results: HIV status was directly and positively associated with risky sexual behavior (b= 4.48; 95% CI= 2.30 to 6.65; p<0.001). Risky sexual behavior was associated with attitude (b= -1.27; 95% CI = -0.03 to -2.51; p<0.045) and family support (b= -1.86; 95% CI= -0.69 to -3.03; p<0.002). Attitude was associated with knowledge (b= 2.06; 95% CI = 0.86 to 3.25; p<0.001).Conclusion: HIV status is directly and positively associated with risky sexual behavior. HIV status is indirectly associated with attitude, knowledge, and family support.Keywords: HIV, AIDS, risky sexual behavior, housewives, PRECEDE PROCEED modelCorrespondence: Budi Laksana. Diploma III Program in Midwifery Muhammadiyah, Madiun, East Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285655612000.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(2): 154-163https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.02.0

The Effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education Program in Improving Self-Care among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is a critical element of care for all people with diabetes and those at risk for developing the disease. It is necessary in order to prevent or delay the complications of diabetes and has elements related to lifestyle changes that are also essential for individuals with pre diabetes as part of efforts to prevent the disease. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of diabetes self management education program in improving self-care among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: A randomized controlled trial study was carried out in 7 puskesmas (community health centers) in Tarakan, North Kalimantan, from March 28 to May 20, 2018. A sample of 126 diabetes patients was selected for this study by simple random sampling, comprising 63 patients as intervention group and 63 patients as control group. The dependent variable was diabetes self-management behavior. The independent variables were diabetes self-management education program (DSME). The data were collected by questionnaire. The difference between two groups was analyzed by t-test. Results: Self-management behavior in the DSME group (median= 26; SD= 6.62) was better than the control group (median= 21; SD= 4.55) with p<0.001. Conclusion: Diabetes self-management education program is effective to improve self-management behaviour among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: diabetes self-management education, self-management behavior, type 2 diabetes mellitus patien

Effects of Predisposing, Enabling, and Reinforcing Factors on the Uptake of Voluntary Counselling and Testing Among Female Sex Workers in Grobogan, Central Java

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a global public health issue. Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting (GARP) reported that in 2015, about 36.7 million people worldwide suffered from HIV-AIDS in all age groups. The highest number of HIV/AIDS cases occured in East Africa and South Africa. This study aimed to examine the effects of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors on the uptake of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) among female sex workers in Grobogan, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with cross-sectional design. It was conducted in Grobogan, Central Java, in July 2017. A sample of 142 female sex workers were selected for this study by exhaustive sampling. The dependent variable was uptake of VCT. The independent variables were attitude, perceived benefit, external motivation from others, and social support. The data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Positive attitude towards HIV status (OR= 6.09; 95% CI= 0.968 to 38.38; p= 0.054), positive perceived benefit (OR= 10.58; 95% CI= 1.48 to 76.93; p= 0.019), external motivation (OR= 8.30; 95% CI= 1.21 to 56.82; p= 0.031), and social support (OR= 9.45; 95% CI= 1.46 to 60.83; p= 0.018), positively affected uptake of VCT.Conclusion: Positive attitude towards HIV status, positive perceived benefit, external motivation, and social support, positively affect uptake of VCT.Keywords: HIV, Voluntary Counselling Testing, female sex workersCorrespondence: Muhammad Vidi Perdana. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(3): 242-256https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.03.0

THE EFFECT OF DIETARY INTAKE AND SOCIAL ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE RISK OF STUNTING IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN SURAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA

Background: Globally it was estimated approximately 156 millions (23%) children are stunted. The prevalence of stunting in children is 29% in Indonesia, which is the highest rate in South East-Asian countries. Stunting may cause delayed mental development and low intellectual capacity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary intake and social economic factors on the risk of stunting in primary school children in Surakarta, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study using cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Surakarta, Central Java, from February to March 2017. A sample of 145 primary school children was selected for this study by multi-stage random sampling. The independent variables were energy intake, protein intake, maternal education, maternal employment status, and family income. The dependent variable was stunting. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and antropometry. The data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: Stunting was affected by energy intake (b= 0.02; SE<0.01; p<0.001), protein intake (b= 0.02; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), maternal education (b= 0.23; SE= 0.18; p= 0.187), family income (b= 0.01; SE= 0.01; p= 0.051). Energy intake was affected by maternal education (b=9.56; SE=32.55; p=0.770), and family income (b=1.81; SE=0.91; p=0.005). Protein intake was affected by maternal education (b=1.75; SE=2.67; p=0.051), maternal employment status (b=-2.30; SE=2.36; p=0.330), and family income (b=0.12; SE=0.08; p=0.110). Conclusion: Stunting was affected by energy intake, protein intake, maternal education, family income. Energy intake was affected by maternal education and family income. Protein intake was affected by maternal education, maternal employment status, and family income. Keywords: primary shool children, dietary intake, stuntin

Numerical analysis of anisotropic stiffness and strength for geomaterials

In numerical modelling, selection of the constitutive model is a critical factor in predicting the actual response of a geomaterial. The use of oversimplified or inadequate models may not be sufficient to reproduce the actual geomaterial behaviour. That selection is especially relevant in the case of anisotropic rocks, and particularly for shales and slates, whose behaviour may be affected, e.g. well stability in geothermal or oil and gas production operations. In this paper, an alternative anisotropic constitutive model has been implemented in the finite element method software CODE_BRIGHT, which is able to account for the anisotropy of shales and slates in terms of both deformability and strength. For this purpose, a transversely isotropic version of the generalised Hooke's law is adopted to represent the stiffness anisotropy, while a nonuniform scaling of the stress tensor is introduced in the plastic model to represent the strength anisotropy. Furthermore, a detailed approach has been proposed to determine the model parameters based on the stress–strain results of laboratory tests. Moreover, numerical analyses are performed to model uniaxial and triaxial tests on Vaca Muerta shale, Bossier shale and slate from the northwest of Spain (NW Spain slate). The experimental data have been recovered from the literature in the case of the shale and, in the case of the slate, performed by the authors in terms of stress-strain curves and strengths. A good agreement can be generally observed between numerical and experimental results, hence showing the potential applicability of the approach to actual case studies. Therefore, the presented constitutive model may be a promising approach for analysing the anisotropic behaviour of rocks and its impact on well stability or other relevant geomechanical problems in anisotropic rocks.The experimental part of the slate in this work was funded by REPSOL S.A. The numerical part of this work was supported by the CODE_BRIGHT Project (International Centre for Numerical Methods in Engineering). The work of the second and fourth authors was possible thanks to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, who funded the project, awarded under Contract Reference No. RTI 2018-093563-B-I00, partially financed by means of the European regional development fund (ERDF) funds from the European Union (EU).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version