Improving GDP measurement: a forecast combination perspective

Two often-divergent U.S. GDP estimates are available, a widely-used expenditure-side version GDPE, and a much less widely-used income-side version GDI . The authors propose and explore a "forecast combination" approach to combining them. They then put the theory to work, producing a superior combined estimate of GDP growth for the U.S., GDPC. The authors compare GDPC to GDPE and GDPI , with particular attention to behavior over the business cycle. They discuss several variations and extensions.Business cycles ; Recessions ; Expenditures, Public

Gestão em Enfermagem. Intervenção de enfermagem na racionalizaçaõ dos recursos mateirias np contexto dos cuidados prestados ao utente.

Na contemporaneidade, a escassez dos recursos ficam mais evidentes e perceptíveis a cada dia que passa, mas, é quando os indivíduos necessitam satisfazer as suas necessidades básicas, que essas necessidades ficam mais elucidadas. O papel do enfermeiro na optimização dos custos da saúde, traduziu-se num tema pertinente levantado a partir das práticas clínicas, ao se deparar com aspectos que merecem especial atenção, pois, nos cuidados de enfermagem está subjacente uma eficiente gestão dos recursos materiais. O enfermeiro engajado na prestação de cuidados aos utentes necessita de ter conhecimento a respeito de custos hospitalares, reconhecendo o seu papel como agente de mudanças no alcance positivo de resultados quando se trata de contenção dos gastos e dos custos com a saúde. Perante esta temática, o estudo teve como objectivo, salientar a importância do engajamento dos enfermeiros na realização de práticas que privilegiam sempre que possível uma racionalização de recursos resultantes da natureza das suas actividades. Este estudo contou com a participação de 50 enfermeiros, envolvendo o Hospital Baptista de Sousa e os Centros de Saúde de São Vicente. Trata-se de um estudo qual-quantitativo, aplicado ao estudo observacional-exploratório. A metodologia empregue constitui na recolha de informações, através da aplicação de entrevista por questionário como instrumento de recolha de dados dirigidos aos enfermeiros. Os dados obtidos apontam pela necessidade constante do envolvimento do profissional nos níveis de gestão estratégica hospitalar. A maior parte dos enfermeiros referem a necessidade de uma maior sensibilização aos utentes na comparticipação dos custos envolvendo as despesas relacionada aos cuidados prestados. Quanto ao desperdício dos recursos materiais, a preocupação com os custos é uma realidade apontada pela maioria dos enfermeiros, bem como a necessidade de uma gestão mais eficaz envolvendo a formação de enfermeiro gestor

Global existence of solutions for the relativistic Boltzmann equation with arbitrarily large initial data on a Bianchi type I space-time

We prove, for the relativistic Boltzmann equation on a Bianchi type I space-time, a global existence and uniqueness theorem, for arbitrarily large initial data.Comment: 17 page

Analyse de la situation de l’environnement sanitaire des quartiers défavorisés dans le tissu urbain de Yopougon a Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

La combinaison, d’informations multi-sources (image QUICKBIRD, données exogènes, résultats d’enquêtes socio-environnementales) dans un système d’information géographique (SIG), a permis d’analyser l'environnement sanitaire de 6 quartiers précaires situés le long d'un canal d'évacuation des eaux à Yopougon, (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire). L’analyse et la cartographie des principaux facteurs relatifs à la qualité de vie des populations, permettent de constituer un observatoire de l’environnement sanitaire de ces milieux défavorisés. La finesse spatiale de l’image QUICKBIRD a contribuée à la mise à jour de la carte du mode d’occupation du sol. L’analyse des différents facteurs caractérisant l’environnement sanitaire révèle de nombreuses insuffisances dans le système de gestion de l’assainissement des quartiers précaires, exposant ainsi les populations aux maladies liées à l’assainissement telles que le paludisme et la diarrhée. Les résultats permettront de planifier et de valider les mesures à prendre pour remédier aux déficits d’assainissement dans ces milieux précaires.The integration into a Geographical information system (GIS) of multi-source data from QUICKBIRD imagery, ancilliary data and the results from socio-environmental investigations alowed to analyse the sanitary environment of 6 precarious settlements located along an open and exposed drainage channel, in Yopougon (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire). The observatory of the sanitary environment of these deprivileged areas were conducted through analysis and mapping of main factors influencing the life quality of the populations. The spatial sharpness of QUICKBIRD imagery contributed to update the land use/land cover map. Analysis of various factors witch characterise the sanitary environment reveals many insufficiences as regards the management of the sanitation system of the settlements, thus exposing the populations to illness related to sanitation like malaria and diarrhoea. The findings will permit planing appropriate measurements to overcome sanitation problems in these précarious areas

Is host range of carrot restricted to Alternaria dauci?

International audienc

Effectiveness of Information Communication Technology Integration on Teaching and Learning in Public Secondary Schools in Mwanza, Tanzania: A Case of Misungwi District

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of ICT integration on effective teaching and learning process in public secondary schools found in Misungwi district. The study employed mixed research approach and the convergent parallel design for data collection. The study targeted 8087 respondents which comprised 7760 students, 24 school heads, 300 secondary school teachers and 3 district education officers and used 100 respondents as a sample size. The study employed simple random, stratified and purposive sampling to select respondents and the data collection tools were questionnaires, interview and observation. The study revealed that implementation of ICT has many influences on effective teaching and learning process such as it enhances the accessibility of teaching and learning materials, improve teachers and students knowledge and skills and makes lesson more effective, makes student-centered and self-directed, makes and creative good teaching and learning environment, and improve high thinking capacity for students and teachers. The study recommended that ICT infrastructures such as computers and other ICT resources should be adequately provided, and secondary schools leaders should establish income generating projects to increase sources of funds, in-service training to teachers must be provided, as well as special programs on ICT should be provided to boost teachers experience and familiarity on the use of ICT in teaching and learning process

Adversaries or Allies?:Experimental Studies on Management Control and Peer Knowledge Sharing

In the era of the knowledge economy, designers of an organization’s control system need to consider the effective dissemination of knowledge and information. This dissertation focuses on two frequently used control mechanisms to examine the motivational factors influencing cooperative activities. First, providing relative performance information can hinder knowledge sharing, driven by motives such as social comparison and impression management; however, this effect is mitigated when knowledge requests are made anonymously rather than identifiably (Chapter 2). In addition, the interaction between the type of relative performance information and the anonymity of the knowledge requesters determines the presence and nature of reciprocity considerations, thus affecting knowledge sharing behavior (Chapter 3). Finally, uncertainty plays an important role in team decision-making settings where one team member possesses private information. The presence of peer performance evaluations seems to mitigate the effect of information uncertainty on team processes, such as decision quality (Chapter 4). To conclude, a variety of factors influence team dynamics with regard to information and knowledge sharing. These factors can be effectively channeled through an insightful design of the management control system.<br/

Adversaries or Allies?:Experimental Studies on Management Control and Peer Knowledge Sharing

In the era of the knowledge economy, designers of an organization’s control system need to consider the effective dissemination of knowledge and information. This dissertation focuses on two frequently used control mechanisms to examine the motivational factors influencing cooperative activities. First, providing relative performance information can hinder knowledge sharing, driven by motives such as social comparison and impression management; however, this effect is mitigated when knowledge requests are made anonymously rather than identifiably (Chapter 2). In addition, the interaction between the type of relative performance information and the anonymity of the knowledge requesters determines the presence and nature of reciprocity considerations, thus affecting knowledge sharing behavior (Chapter 3). Finally, uncertainty plays an important role in team decision-making settings where one team member possesses private information. The presence of peer performance evaluations seems to mitigate the effect of information uncertainty on team processes, such as decision quality (Chapter 4). To conclude, a variety of factors influence team dynamics with regard to information and knowledge sharing. These factors can be effectively channeled through an insightful design of the management control system.<br/