The Myth and the Massacre: A Murder on Brazil’s Black Consciousness Day

Histor

Popper as a process: revisiting the appropriation of the Popperian philosophy by the cladists during the “systematics wars”

The philosophy of Karl Popper was strongly used by the cladists in their battle against evolutionary and numerical taxonomy. It became known as “Systematics Wars” by David Hull. His historical account in Science as a Process, described the outcome of that era that end up with the victory of cladistics. Claiming it as hypothetico-deductivist, and falsificationist, cladists have transformed and distorted Popper, that almost nothing of these ideas survived scrutiny. One of the Hull’s conclusion was that the success of cladistics was largely due to their ability to maintain social cohesion and intellectual orthodoxy during the years of the Systematic Wars. In this paper, I will provide a concise historical development about the appropriation of Popper’s ideas that were used by systematics, both as a defense and as a critic, trying to make clear the interpretations of these authors in relation to Popper and their research program. Using David Hull’s General Theory of Selection Processes, I will argue that these facts were, partially, to a heavy adherence to Popper’s philosophy

A bibliographic review of the history of Dexiinae (Diptera, Tachinidae) taxonomy in the Neotropical Region with bibliographic notes on Dominik Bilimek and Fritz Plaumann

The knowledge of Dexiinae and Tachinidae diversity in the Neotropical Region, in contrast to other regions, e.g., the Palaearctic Region, is in a poor condition. The history of these taxa has gradually increased since the 18th Century from the works of European and North American authors such as Johan C. Fabricius, Christian R.W. Wiedemann, Jean B. Robineau-Desvoidy, Pierre J.-M. Macquart, Jacques M.F. Bigot, Francis Walker, Victor von Röeder, Ermanno Giglio-Tos, Friedrich M. Brauer and Julius E. Bergenstamm, Frederik M. van der Wulp, Charles H. Curran, John M. Aldrich, Charles H.T. Townsend, Henry J. Reinhard and William R. Thompson. It was only in the first half of the 20th Century that scientists born or established in South America began to enter tachinidology. Dipterists like Jean Brèthes and Everardo E. Blanchard from Argentina, Rául E. Cortés Peña from Chile and José H. Guimarães from Brazil, are the most memorable names for, not only to Neotropical Dexiinae, but, indeed for the whole family. Herein, a brief chronological review of tachinidology, with emphasis on Dexiinae and based on a literature review, is given. The history is divided into four periods: the pre-Linnaean period of the 16th and 17th Centuries, the 18th Century, the 19th Century and the first half of the 20th Century. After the first half of 20th Century, the emphasis is focused on European and North American dipterists with an overview of their contributions on Dexiinae taxonomy. Later, with presence of the South American dipterists, the emphasis is directed to them. Then a few notes are given on the Czech Dominik Bilimek, a poorly known collector from the 19th Century and Fritz Plaumann, a well-known German immigrant who collected in Brazil during the earlier 20th Century. Finally, some notes and perspectives about the 21st Century dexiinidology from the Neotropics is briefly discussed

Redescription of the Neotropical species Trichodischia soror Bigot, 1885 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with a new generic synonymy

Trichodischia Bigot, 1885 is a Neotropical genus with a confusing taxonomic history. This was initially composed of two species: T. caerulea Bigot, 1885 and T. soror Bigot, 1885. Later, the genus Trichoraea Cortés, 1974 was erected for T. caerulea. When reviewing the taxonomic history of both species, we discovered that both genera have been considered synonymous based on erroneous information and without a formal synonymy being proposed. Herein, we redescribed T. soror, provide images of adults and describe the male terminalia for the first time. In addition, by examining the type material, we propose Trichoraea as a junior synonym of Trichodischia, syn. nov., confirm T. caerulea comb. rest. and T. soror as valid species and provide some comments about the taxonomy and host record of the genus

Uma arquitetura de referência para sistemas de informação e portais de serviços de governo eletrônico

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.A demanda por sistemas de software que tornem os serviços públicos acessíveis e transparentes aos cidadãos tem levado governos a investir na construção de Sistemas de Informação e Portais de Serviços. Nossa proposta é definir uma arquitetura de software de referência voltada aos requisitos das aplicações de governo, cujos processos de desenvolvimento estejam baseados em uma estrutura que permita acelerar a produção de tais aplicações a um custo mais baixo e com ganhos na qualidade final. A fim de validar a arquitetura, faz-se uma aplicação à Plataforma Lattes. Como resultado, é desenvolvida uma tecnologia de plug-ins que habilita a inclusão dinâmica de recursos de uma maneira contínua e descentralizada, a qual relativamente promove redução de custos e aumento da qualidade. Recursos como CV-Resume, CV-Perfil e outros foram agregados com sucesso por meio dessa arquitetura

Reconstrução ilustrativa das feições pretéritas do estuário do rio Tubarão através da vetorização de imagens Landsat 1

Satellite imagery and software like QGIS have been used to analyze changes in the landscape in various areas of knowledge. In this context, the present work sought to use this tool to produce an illustrative reconstruction of the tubarão river estuary in 1975, through the vectorization of Landsat1 images. It can be observed in the reconstruction, features that point to an internal delta formation, as well as changes in the course of the shark river. At the end it is possible to conclude the effectiveness of the tool as well as the reconstruction of past estuarine features of the studied area.Se han utilizado imágenes de satélite y software como QGIS para analizar los cambios en el paisaje en varias áreas del conocimiento. En este contexto, el presente trabajo buscó utilizar esta herramienta para producir una reconstrucción ilustrativa del estuario del río tubarão en 1975, mediante la vectorización de imágenes Landsat1. Se puede observar en la reconstrucción, rasgos que apuntan a la formación de un delta interno, así como cambios en el curso del río tiburón. Al final es posible concluir la efectividad de la herramienta así como la reconstrucción de las características estuarinas pasadas del área estudiada.Imagens de satélite e software como QGIS veem sendo utilizados para análises de mudanças na paisagem em várias áreas do conhecimento. Neste contexto o presente trabalho buscou utilizar-se desta ferramenta para produzir uma reconstrução ilustrativa do estuário do rio tubarão no ano de 1975, através da vetorização de imagens Landsat1. Pode ser observado na reconstrução, feições que apontam para uma formação de delta interno, assim como mudanças no curso do rio tubarão. Ao final consegue-se concluir a eficácia da ferramenta assim como reconstrução das feições pretéritas estuarina da área estudada

Control and exponential stability for a transmission problem of a viscoelastic wave equation

In this article, we consider the energy decay of a viscoelastic wave in an heterogeneous medium. To be more specific, the medium is composed of two different homogeneous medium with a memory term located in one of the medium. We prove exponential decay of the energy of the solution under geometrical and analytical hypothesis on the memory term

Teleologia e Biologia: uma defesa do pensamento teleológico na biologia

A linguagem teleológica pode ser definida como um discurso prospectivo, e isto tem preocupado biólogos em torno desse problema. Neste artigo, discutirei os mal-entendidos que filósofos da ciência e biólogos tiveram acerca da teleologia. Por exemplo, afirmam que a teleologia sofre de antropomorfismo (isto é, um agente de planejamento externo à referência mundial) e se refere a uma força imanente aos organismos (forças vitais ou “vitalismo”) além do alcance da investigação empírica. Argumentarei que eles estão equivocados e que a teleologia mudou seu significado e foco de sua forma pré-evolutiva, e agora pode ser usada e mantida sem violar os princípios da ciência moderna. Usando como exemplo o debate sobre adaptação e função, discutirei como a linguagem teleológica é a melhor interpretação para essas questões.Teleological language refers to a forward-looking discourse, and various biologists are troubled with this issue. In this paper, I will discuss the misunderstandings that both philosophers of science and biologists have made against teleology. Among these misunderstandings, I can mention its relationship to anthropomorphism (i.e., a planning agent external to the world reference) and reference to a force immanent to the organisms (“vitalism”) beyond the reach of empirical investigation. I will argue that they are misconceptions and that teleology has shifted its meaning and focus from its pre-evolutionary form. Now it is in the position that it can be used and maintained without violating the principles of modern science. Using an example of the adaptation and function debate, I will discuss how the teleological language is the best interpretation of these issues

Estrutura Conduta e Desempenho da Produção das Vinícolas Gaúchas: Período 1989 a 2006

As vinícolas gaúchas têm a quase totalidade participação no agronegócio de vinhos. Mesmo com grande pujança, esse setor passa por forte concorrência internacional e é bastante dependente do mercado interno brasileiro. Essa pesquisa buscou analisar como o comportamento das forças de mercado, especificamente as importações e o consumo, influenciaram o desempenho nas quantidades produzidas de vinho comum, vinho de viníferas, suco de uva e vinhos espumantes no período compreendido entre 1989 e 2006. A análise foi baseada no paradigma Estrutura, Conduta e Desempenho que prevê que a estrutura de mercado exerce influência na conduta e no desempenho. A análise implicou na descrição das tendências de produção, importação e consumo e da avaliação das relações de causa e efeito da importação e consumo sobre a produção. Os resultados mostraram que a produção de vinhos de viníferas foi bastante dependente das importações; os vinhos comuns e vinhos espumantes do consumo interno; e a produção de suco de uvas do consumo interno e das importações.-------------------------------------------------------The wineries in the State of Rio Grande do Sul hold almost a total participation in the wine agribusiness. Even in a great vigor, this sector has been facing strong international competition and it has been quite dependent on the domestic Brazilian market. This research has sought to analyze how the behavior of market forces, specifically the importations and the consume, have influenced the performance in the quantities produced of ordinary wine, vineyards’ wine, grape juice and sparkling wines in the period comprehended between 1989 and 2006. The analysis was based on the paradigm Structure, Conduct and Performance which forecasts that the market structure exerts influence in the conduct and in the performance. The analysis has implied in the description of tendencies in production, importation and consume and the evaluation of relations of cause and effect of importation and consume over the production. The results have shown that the production of vineyards wines was quite dependent on importation; the ordinary wines and sparkling wines dependent on the domestic market and the production of grape juice dependent on the domestic market and importations.Estratégia, Estrutura Conduta Desempenho, Vinícolas, Strategies, Structure, Conduct, Performance, Wineries, Agribusiness,

An annotated catalogue of Echinodermata types in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

 The types of nominal species of Echinodermata in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo are catalogued: Holothuroidea (19 species – 16 holotypes, 1 paratype and 2 neotypes) and Ophiuroidea (4 species – 1 neotype and 3 paratypes). Photographs of all the type specimens are given. A brief account of the history of the MZUSP’s echinoderm collections is presented