L'ultimo rigore: la partecipazione all'Europa League per le piccole-medio squadre

La tesi analizza la convenienza economico-finanziaria e gestionale della partecipazione all'Europa League per le piccole-medio squadre. Questo interrogativo si pone osservando due eventi analoghi accaduti nelle ultime due stagioni, ovvero che la società che ha ottenuto la qualificazione sul campo non ha poi ottenuto la licenza UEFA per poter effettivamente partecipare alla competizione. L'analisi viene svolta grazie a delle simulazioni su un modello di piccola-medio squadra ideale appositamente creata. Addentrandosi poi nella materia dello sport management, la tesi prova a fornire dei suggerimenti sulle operazioni gestionali da effettuare per predisporre al meglio la partecipazione all'Europa League creando una struttura economica sostenibile nel medio periodo

La specificità tunisina: Egemonia politica e habitus dell’impegno nell’Islam pubblico contemporaneo

I interpret the pursuit of an Islamic understanding of ideals such as democracy, pluralism and freedom, carried out by the Tunisian Islamic movements after the 2011 revolution, as part of a discursive tradition (Asad 1986) about the “Tunisian specificity”. Such tradition entails the interpretation of Islamic sources – both classical and modern – by religious and secular authorities, with the aim of legitimating the social and political commitment in the name of Islam. The Tunisian specificity is a discourse that draws on the local interpretations of Islamic practices (such as Sufism and saints worship), on the work of modern Islamic thinkers, and on the reasoning about democracy and human rights, to construct a theoretical framework aimed at deepening the concepts of moderation, toleration, pluralism and political activity from an Islamic vantage point. My contribution is part of an ethnographic research pursued from 2012 to 2015 among Tunisian Islamic public. In my view, such category covers both the Islamists (namely the actors engaged in movements and parties directly involved in the political arena) and the du‘at (the activist of civil society and pious associations, engaged in spreading the Islamic message “from below”). The observation of interrelationships between the two groups, and of the sharing of the same framework (the Tunisian specificity) and vocabulary (freedom, dignity, human rights, and the like), suggests that the sharp distinction between political and social activism inspired by Islamic ideals is to be blurred.L’elaborazione islamica delle idee di democrazia, pluralismo e libertà, condotta dai movimenti islamici tunisini dopo la rivoluzione del 2011, può essere considerata come parte di una tradizione discorsiva (Asad 1986) incentrata sulla “specificità tunisina”. Questa tradizione prevede l’interpretazione delle fonti islamiche classiche e moderne da parte di autorità religiose e secolari, finalizzata a legittimare l’impegno sociale e politico in nome dell’Islam. La specificità tunisina è un discorso che si richiama alle interpretazioni locali delle pratiche islamiche (come il sufismo e il marabuttismo), sull’opera dei pensatori dell’Islam moderno e sui ragionamenti su democrazia e diritti umani, allo scopo di costruire una cornice teorica all’interno della quale approfondire i concetti di moderazione, tolleranza, pluralismo e attività politica a partire da una prospettiva islamica. Questo contributo fa parte di una ricerca etnografica condotta dal 2012 e il 2015 tra gli attivisti del pubblico islamico tunisino. Tale categoria comprende sia gli islamisti (ovvero gli attivisti dei movimenti e partiti impegnati direttamente nell’agone politico) che i du‘at (gli attivisti della società civile e delle associazioni impostate sulla devozione, impegnati a diffondere il messaggio islamico dal basso). L’osservazione delle interrelazioni tra i due gruppi e della condivisione della medesima cornice teorica (la specificità tunisina) e vocabolario (libertà, dignità, diritti umani e così via) fa comprendere come la netta distinzione tra un attivismo islamico di tipo politico ed uno di tipo socioculturale deve essere messa in discussione

Online/offline preservationists. The material engagement in Syrian cultural heritage between Facebook and offline life

This article follows the activities of a group of Syrian preservationists, that take place both in Facebook and offline. The virtual dimension of social media doesn’t entail the abandonment of the offline dimension of their activism. The latter often involves a struggle against the material changes of structures and the risks the use of forbidden materials (mainly concrete) entails in the heritage sites. The destructions provoked by the current war add to the causes that led Unesco to list the Damascus medina among the heritage sites at risk. The debate about safeguard and transformation of heritage shows the influential role of civil society in Syria and the existence of an area of criticism, admitted by the regime, though in a non-democratic Middle Eastern country

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Autorità e tradizione nell’Islam pubblico contemporaneo. Continuità e trasformazioni prima e dopo le “primavere arabe”

In different cultural contexts, the Islamic discursive traditions are influenced by the historical changes to which they relate through changes and continuities. Public Islam offers patterns of lifestyle, community, political activity, informed by piety. In two different historical contexts (Syria before the 2011 uprisings and war and Tunisia after the 2011 revolution), Islam enters the public space in different ways (it operates in the gray areas between public and private in Syria, clearly in the public space in Tunisia), covers different themes (family life and rituals in Syria, political change in Tunisia) and therefore performs transformative or conservative functions. In both cases, the public discourse of Islam is legitimized by a reference to texts that are examined separately or together in a new way, questioning traditional authoritative interpretations of Scripture