Afectos, recursos, cultura y salud percibida: ¿cuál es la relación entre ellos?

The purpose of this research is to understand if the relationship between positive and negative affect (PA/NA) and perceived health is mediated by psychosocial resources, and, whether culture (collectivistic vs. individualistic) has a role in that relationship. Structural Equation Models were applied: The first expressed the direct and indirect relationship PA/NA to health. The second reflected indirect influence of PA/NA on health and, resources mediated between both. Both models were tested in two cultures: one individualistic (Spain) and the other collectivistic (Mexico). The results showed that models work differently in both cultures. In Spain there were no significant differences between the two models. In Mexico, the direct and indirect relationship model functions better. These results have interesting implications: The influence of PA/NA on health could be different depending on the culture, so, future research to reconsider the cultural variable, would be interesting. The way PA vs. NA influences perceived health is different; PA can influence directly and indirectly, through psychosocial resources, while NA can only influence directly.  It would be fascinating if future research would replicate this, including more countries, and, using biological measurements of health.El propósito de esta investigación es comprender si la relación entre el afecto positivo y negativo (AP/AN) y la salud percibida está mediada por los recursos psicosociales, y, si la cultura (colectivista vs. individualista) tiene un rol en esta relación. Se aplicaron diferentes Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales: el primero recoge relaciones directas e indirectas entre AP/AN y salud, y el segundo, refleja la influencia indirecta de AP/AN sobre salud y la mediación de los recursos entre ambos. Los modelos fueron probados en dos culturas: individualista (España) y colectivista (México). Los resultados muestran que España no hay diferencias significativas entre los dos modelos, sin embargo, en México, el modelo con relaciones directas e indirectas ajusta mejor a los datos. Estos resultados tienen interesantes implicaciones: 1) La influencia de AP/AN sobre la salud puede ser diferente dependiendo de la cultura, por tanto, tener en consideración la variable cultura en este tipo de investigaciones podría ser una cuestión relevante. 2) La forma en la que AP y AN influyen sobre la salud percibida es distinta; el AP influye tanto directa como indirectamente a través de los recursos, mientras que AN solo influye directamente. Sería muy interesante que futuras investigaciones replicaran este estudio considerando más países, y, empleando parámetros biológicos de salud

Herrajes en las puertas granadinas de los siglos XVI al XIX

Lehnert define las artes industriales y dice que "son aquellas actividades que prestan contenido artístico a nuestros utensilio... respetando su finalidad práctica". Así podemos encuadrar muchas actividades que por su dedicación a un fín remunerador o por su producción en serie, siempre se han visto excluídas de este campo de la ciencia.No obstante , a lo largo de la historia , encontramos figuras de primera linea que ennoblecen las artes menores en sus escritos: Homero en la Odisea ensalza la figúra de Penélope presentándola ante el telar que la hace famosa; los griegos consideraban estas artes como tarea digna de los propios dioses y nos muestran a Hefaistos , señor de los abismos infernales , unido a la fragua; y a la diosa Atenea tejiendo

Facile synthesis of cooperative acid-base catalysts by clicking cysteine and cysteamine on an ethylene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica

A periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) that contains ethylene bridges was functionalized to obtain a series of cooperative acid-base catalysts. A straightforward, single-step procedure was devised to immobilize cysteine and cysteamine on the support material by means of a photoinitiated thiol-ene click reaction. Likewise, PMO materials capped with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) were used to support both compounds. This resulted in different materials in which the amine site was promoted by carboxylic acid groups, surface silanol groups, or both. The catalysts were tested in the aldol reaction of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone. It was found that silanol groups have a stronger promoting effect on the amine than the carboxylic acid group. The highest turnover frequency (TOF) was obtained for an amine-functionalized material that contained only silanol promoting sites. The loading of the active sites also had a significant effect on the activity of the catalysts, which was rationalized on the basis of a computational study

Prosthetic assessment in cleft lip and palate patients : a case report with oronasal communication

The cleft lip and palate patient is mainly characterized by the presence of an oronasal communication, malformation or agenesis of the teeth close to the cleft, and deficient sagittal and transverse growth of the maxilla. These patients require various treatments involving a multidisciplinary team, which may include a maxillofacial surgeon, an orthodontist, a speech therapist, a paediatrician, a general dentist, a prosthodontist, an ENT specialist, a psychologist and all those professionals who can help provide functional, aesthetic and psychological improvement. This report describes a case of prosthetic rehabilitation in a patient with cleft lip and palate and an oronasal fistula (communication) following surgery. Different prosthetic treatments are described, with emphasis being placed on the approach chosen after to discuss the various limitations which arose

Designing advanced functional periodic mesoporous organosilicas for biomedical applications

Periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs), reported for the first time in 1999, constitute a new branch of organic-inorganic hybrid materials with high-ordered structures, uniform pore size and homogenous distribution of organic bridges into a silica framework. Unlike conventional mesoporous silicas, these materials offer the possibility to adjust the surface (hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity) and physical properties (morphology, porosity) as well as their mechanical stability through the incorporation of different functional organic moieties in their pore walls. A broad variety of PMOs has been designed for their subsequent application in many fields. More recently, PMOs have attracted growing interest in emerging areas as biology and biomedicine. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent breakthroughs achieved for PMOs in biological and biomedical applications

Positive psychological functioning in a sample of portuguese students

Este estudo explora diferentes recursos pessoais associados ao bem-estar e funcionamento psicológico positivo de estudantes universitários portugueses, tomando na sua análise as variáveis área de curso e género. Foi aplicada a Escala de Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo (EFPP) a 1070 estudantes de diferentes cursos. Observa-se um efeito da interação do género e área científica em 5 dimensões da EFPP. O género diferencia Autonomia, Autoestima e Otimismo (pontuações mais favoráveis nos homens), enquanto a área científica diferencia Resiliência, Autoestima, Propósito na Vida, Desfrute e Otimismo (pontuações superiores nos estudantes de Saúde). Discutem-se implicações para a intervenção no contexto do Ensino Superior.This study explores different personal resources related to well-being and positive psychological functioning of Portuguese university students. The analysis considers the field of studies and gender. The positive psychological functioning scale (FPP) was applied to a sample of 1070 students, who were attending the 1st and 3rd years of different courses. The findings suggest an effect of the interaction of gender and field of studies in 5 of the 11 dimensions of FPP. Higher scores were found in men in Resilience, Self-Esteem and Optimism. The field of studies differentiates Resilience, Self-Esteem, Purpose in Life, Enjoyment, and Optimism, with higher scores in the group of students in health sciences courses. The results are discussed regarding implications for intervention in Higher Education.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Positive psychological functioning scale: adaptation and initial validation studies with portuguese college students

In the last decades research focused on well-being has been prominent, especially with the emergence of Positive Psychology. In this context, it is necessary to invest in the construction and validation of appropriate instruments to assess the dimensions of a healthy psychological functioning. This study aims to adapt and validate the Positive Psychological Functioning Scale (EFPP; Merino & Privado, 2015) with a sample of Portuguese university students. A total of 1131 students from two universities participated in the study, with an average age of 19.6 years. In addition to EFPP, Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener et al., 1985) was used for criterion validity. Results showed good psychometric properties of EFPP, both in terms of reliability and validity. Given the scarcity of positive functioning assessment instruments that have proved to be satisfactory in our country, the use of this scale may be recommended, particularly with young university students.In the last decades research focused on well-being has been prominent, especially with the emergence of Positive Psychology. In this context, it is necessary to invest in the construction and validation of appropriate instruments to assess the dimensions of a healthy psychological functioning. This study aims to adapt and validate the Positive Psychological Functioning Scale (EFPP; Merino & Privado, 2015) with a sample of Portuguese university students. A total of 1131 students from two universities participated in the study, with an average age of 19.6 years. In addition to EFPP, Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS; Diener et al., 1985) was used for criterion validity. Results showed good psychometric properties of EFPP, both in terms of reliability and validity. Given the scarcity of positive functioning assessment instruments that have proved to be satisfactory in our country, the use of this scale may be recommended, particularly with young university students

Does Postural Feedback Reduce Musculoskeletal Risk?: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: There is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among personnel working in the healthcare sector, mainly among nursing assistants and orderlies. Objective: The objective is to analyze the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention that included postural feedback in reducing musculoskeletal risk. Method: A total of 24 nursing assistants and orderlies in a hospital setting were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. After collecting sociodemographic information, a selection of tasks was made and assessed using the REBA (rapid entire body assessment) method. A multi-component intervention was designed combining theoretical and practical training, including feedback on the postures performed by the professionals involved, especially those involving high musculoskeletal risk. This program was applied only to participants in the intervention group. Subsequently, eight months after the first assessment and intervention, the second assessment was carried out using the same method and process as in the first evaluation. Results: The results indicate that the musculoskeletal risk in the second assessment in the intervention group was significantly reduced. However, no significant changes were observed in the control group. Conclusion: The multi-component intervention applied can significantly reduce the musculoskeletal risk of nursing assistants and orderlies. In addition, it is a low-cost intervention with great applicability.Depto. de Psicología Social, del Trabajo y DiferencialFac. de PsicologíaTRUERegional Health Departmentpu