The role of antioxidants in boar semen preservation

The aim of the research was to test the biologically active substance obtained by the Institute of Microbiology of the Scienсe Academy from Moldova. It was introduced in the basic medium as an additional component for boar semen dilution. The obtained experimental data showed that the introduction of 7% of the biologically active substance in the basic medium had positive results in the preservation of the semen material quality at 16-18°C. After 96 hours of conservation at 16-18°C the sperm motility of the spermatozoa was 54.3%

corrigendum to one or two doses of live varicella virus containing vaccines efficacy persistence of immune responses and safety six years after administration in healthy children during their second year of life vaccine 36 2018 381 387

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One or two doses of live varicella virus-containing vaccines: Efficacy, persistence of immune responses, and safety six years after administration in healthy children during their second year of life

Abstract Background This phase III B follow-up of an initial multicenter study (NCT00226499) will evaluate the ten-year efficacy of two doses of the combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine (MMRV) and one dose of the live attenuated varicella vaccine (V) versus a measles-mumps-rubella control group (MMR) for the prevention of clinical varicella disease. Here we present efficacy results for six years post-vaccination. Methods In phase A of the study, healthy children aged 12–22 months from ten European countries were randomized (3:3:1) and received either two doses of MMRV, or one dose of combined MMR and one dose of monovalent varicella vaccine (MMR+V), or two doses of the MMR vaccine (control), 42 days apart. Vaccine efficacy against all and against moderate or severe varicella (confirmed by detection of viral DNA or epidemiological link) was assessed from six weeks up to six years post-dose 2 for the MMRV and MMR+V groups, and was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The severity of varicella was calculated using the modified Vazquez scale (mild ≤ 7; moderately severe = 8–15; severe ≥ 16). Herpes zoster cases were also recorded. Results 5289 children (MMRV = 2279, mean age = 14.2, standard deviation [SD] = 2.5; MMR+V = 2266, mean age = 14.2, SD = 2.4; MMR = 744, mean age = 14.2, SD = 2.5 months) were included in the efficacy cohort. 815 varicella cases were confirmed. Efficacy of two doses of MMRV against all and against moderate or severe varicella was 95.0% (95% CI: 93.6–96.2) and 99.0% (95% CI: 97.7–99.6), respectively. Efficacy of one dose of varicella vaccine against all and against moderate or severe varicella was 67.0% (95% CI: 61.8–71.4) and 90.3% (95% CI: 86.9–92.8), respectively. There were four confirmed herpes zoster cases (MMR+V = 2, MMR = 2), all were mild and three tested positive for the wild-type virus. Conclusions Two doses of the MMRV vaccine and one dose of the varicella vaccine remain efficacious through six years post-vaccination

The vaccination issue – who is responsible? Retrospective study on 278 infants hospitalized in a pediatric clinical hospital in Bucharest

Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucuresti, Romania The 6th International Medical Congress for Students and Young DoctorsVaccines represent one of the most effective and cost-saving public health interventions. Still, this measure continues to be under-used all over the world. Immunization averts an estimated 2 to 3 million deaths every year from diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), and measles. Although globally the proportion of children who receive recommended vaccines has remained steady for the past few years, we observed during our clinical practice that the vaccination rate in Romania might be lower than the needed vaccination rate. The objective of this study is to test this hypothesis and to highlight the causes of low vaccination rates in Romania

ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE: UPDATE

Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infections in childhood. It is considered the main cause of prescribing antibiotics in pediatrics. Physicians tend to overdiagnose this disease leading to an unnecessary antibiotics prescription which exposes the child to an unwanted side effects, mainly diarrhea. Diagnosis is routinely based on symptoms and otoscopy findings. A diagnosis of AOM should be considered in any young child who presents with irritability, lethargy, otorrhoea and fever with or without localized ear pain. Distinguishing between AOM and otitis media with effusion (OME) is important. OME is more common than AOM. Primary treatment is aimed at reducing pain. Symptoms in isolated, unilateral AOM usually resolves after 2 days without antibiotic treatment. Always consider the possibility of sepsis in an ill child with fever

CORRELATION BETWEEN FENO VALUE AND ASTHMA SEVERITY

Objective. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation between the FeNO (fractional exhaled nitric oxide) value and asthma severity. Material and method. A prospective study including 48 children aged 5 to 18 years, who have been diagnosed with asthma in „Victor Gomoiu” Children Clinical Hospital between May 2012 – November 2013, has been initiated. In the fi rst stage of the study both the diagnosis and the degree of severity of asthma, using GINA 2008 guideline criteria, have been established, and the FeNO value has been measured before beginning any controller therapy. For the persistent asthma forms the controller therapy has been initiated, adapted to provide the controlled asthma status. In the next stage, after GINA 2014 guideline was published, a second classifi cation of asthma, based on the degree of severity, has been performed, by taking into account the treatment step necessary to maintain the controlled asthma status, according to this new guide. Finally the correlation between FeNO value and the degree of asthma severity has been assessed, using fi rst the asthma classifi cation from GINA 2008 guideline and then the asthma classifi cation from GINA 2014 guideline. Results. Among those 48 children included in the study 29 had normal FeNO value and 19 elevated FeNO value. According to GINA 2008 guideline criteria they have been included in the following severity asthma forms: 6 patients intermittent asthma, 27 patients mild persistent asthma, 14 patients moderate persistent asthma and 1 patient severe persistent asthma. According to GINA 2014 guideline criteria 25 patients have been labeled as mild asthma, 22 as moderate asthma and 1 as severe asthma. The statistic assessment of the correlation between asthma severity form according to GINA 2008 guideline and FeNO value provided a value of p = 0,278 and for the correlation between FeNO value and asthma severity form according to GINA 2014 guideline provided a value of p = 0,0468. Conclusion. FeNO value is not correlated with asthma severity as resulted from GINA 2008 guideline classifi - cation, but is correlated with asthma severity as resulted from GINA 2014 guideline classifi cation

SERUM LEVEL OF EOSINOPHILIC CATIONIC PROTEIN IN RELATION TO EOSINOPHILIA AND TO EXHALED NITRIC OXIDE VALUE IN CHILDREN WITH ATOPIC ASTHMA AND AEROALLERGENS SENSITIZATION

Aim. To assess the correlation between the serum level of eosinophilic cationic protein (S-ECP) and the occurrence of eosinophilia, respectively the exhaled nitric oxide value (FeNO), in children with atopic asthma and aeroallergens sensitization. Material and method. A prospective study including 63 children with atopic asthma and aeroallergens sensitization aged 5-18 years old, conducted in Pediatric Department of Children Clinical Hospital “Dr. Victor Gomoiu”, between April 2016 and July 2017. The S-ECP level, occurrence of eosinophilia and FeNO value were initially determined. Thereafter the statistically significance of the correlation between S-ECP and the occurrence of eosinophilia, respectively FeNO value, was assessed. Results. 22 patients had normal S-ECP level; among them only 8 had eosinophilia. 41 patients had increased S-ECP level; among them 28 had eosinophilia. Using the statistical function Pearson Chi-Square Test to assess the significance of the correlation between increased S-ECP level and eosinophilia we have obtained a p value = 0.0146 (statistically significant). 15 of those 22 patients with normal S-ECP level had at the same time a normal FeNO level; the other 7 patients had increased FeNO level. 17 of those 41 patients with increased S-ECP value had normal FeNO level; the other 24 patients had increased FeNO level. Using the statistical function Pearson Chi-Square Test to assess the significance of the correlation between S-ECP level and FeNO value we have obtained a p value = 0.0432 (statistically significant). Conclusion. Increased S-ECP level is correlated with the occurrence of eosinophilia and also with the increased FeNO value in atopic children with aeroallergens sensitization

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM CHOLESTEROL, ASTHMA CONTROL AND THERAPEUTIC STEP IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA AND AERO ALLERGENIC SENSITIZATION

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways. Cholesterol is a pro-inflammatory factor linked in some studies to asthma inflammation. A prospective study has been started between January 2016 and September 2018 including 100 children aged 5 to 18 years old, diagnosed with allergic asthma and aero allergenic sensitization, evaluated and monitored in “Dr. Victor Gomoiu” Clinical Children’s Hospital. All patients enrolled in the study were monitored for the level of cholesterol, the therapeutic step and the degree of asthma control. The objective of the study was to assess the correlation between serum cholesterol and asthma control and between serum cholesterol and the step of controller treatment (as marker of asthma severity). Conclusions. In the studied group, patients in the categories of partially controlled and uncontrolled asthma were in a higher percentage with higher values of serum cholesterol compared with those with controlled asthma; the children registered in the categories of moderate and severe asthma were in a higher percentage with total serum cholesterol increased compared to those with mild asthma