40 research outputs found
Some Relations for Quark Confinement and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in QCD
We analytically study the relation between quark confinement and spontaneous
chiral-symmetry breaking in QCD. In terms of the Dirac eigenmodes, we derive
some formulae for the Polyakov loop, its fluctuations, and the string tension
from the Wilson loop. We also investigate the Polyakov loop in terms of the
eigenmodes of the Wilson, the clover and the domain wall fermion kernels,
respectively. For the confinement quantities, the low-lying Dirac/fermion
eigenmodes are found to give negligible contribution, while they are essential
for chiral symmetry breaking. These relations indicate no direct one-to-one
correspondence between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD, which
seems to be natural because confinement is realized independently of the quark
mass
Dirac spectrum representation of Polyakov loop fluctuations in lattice QCD
Dirac spectrum representations of the Polyakov loop fluctuations are derived
on the temporally odd-number lattice, where the temporal length is odd with the
periodic boundary condition. We investigate the Polyakov loop fluctuations
based on these analytical relations. It is semianalytically and numerically
found that the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes have little contribution to the
Polyakov loop fluctuations, which are sensitive probe for the quark
deconfinement. Our results suggest no direct one-to-one corresponding between
quark confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD.Comment: 7 pages and 1 figure. Proceeding of the 33rd International Symposium
on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2015), 14-18 July 2015, Kobe International
Conference Center, Kobe, Japan. Also regarded as the Proceeding of the 4th
International Conference on new Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2015), 23-30
August 2015, Conference Center of the Orthodox Academy of Crete, Crete,
Greec
Relating Quark Confinement and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in QCD
We study the relation between quark confinement and chiral symmetry breaking
in QCD. Using lattice QCD formalism, we analytically express the various
"confinement indicators", such as the Polyakov loop, its fluctuations, the
Wilson loop, the inter-quark potential and the string tension, in terms of the
Dirac eigenmodes. In the Dirac spectral representation, there appears a power
of the Dirac eigenvalue such as , which behaves
as a reduction factor for small . Consequently, since this reduction
factor cannot be cancelled, the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes give negligibly
small contribution to the confinement quantities,while they are essential for
chiral symmetry breaking. These relations indicate no direct, one-to-one
correspondence between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD. In
other words, there is some independence of quark confinement from chiral
symmetry breaking, which can generally lead to different transition
temperatures/densities for deconfinement and chiral restoration. We also
investigate the Polyakov loop in terms of the eigenmodes of the Wilson, the
clover and the domain-wall fermion kernels, respectively, and find the similar
results. The independence of quark confinement from chiral symmetry breaking
seems to be natural, because confinement is realized independently of quark
masses and heavy quarks are also confined even without the chiral symmetry.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:1611.0874
Christopher Simpson The Division-Viol, or, The Art of PLAYING Extempore upon a GROUND. EDITIO SECVNDA Dedication & Recommendation
本訳稿はChristopher Simpson (1605頃-1669) 著 The Division-Viol, or, The Art of PLAYING Ex tempore upon a GROUND. DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS. EDITIO SECVNDA, London, 1665 の著者による献辞および楽譜出版権所有者による推薦文の全訳である