Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Polyazomethineester

A new polyester containing diimine ring, poly(imino isophthaloyl imino (glyoxal bis(2-methyl-4-hydroxy phenyl)imin)) poly[IPIGI] was synthesized by an Interfacial polycondensation reaction. The structure of poly[IPIGI] was confirmed by FT-IR and solid state 13C NMR techniques. The thermal stability was tested by TG-DTA and solubility was also studied. The kinetics of the thermal degradation of poly[IPIGI] was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis at different heating rates. TG curves showed that the thermal decomposition of poly[IPIGI] occurred in two stages. The apparent activation energies of thermal decomposition for poly[IPIGI], as determined by the Tang method (TM), the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method (FWD), the Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose method (KAS) and the Coats-Redfern method (CR) are 74.8, 75.2, 76.5 and 83.9 kJ mol-1 for the first stage decomposition and 143.1, 143.7, 147.0 and 156.2 kJ mol-1 for the second stage decomposition, respectively. The mechanisms of each stage decomposition were also investigated by master plots

Speculator and influencer evaluation in stock market by using social media

Social media platforms are places where people post their feelings and thoughts about a topic. The institutions, organizations, individuals, or companies that are the subject of these ideas are affected by these posts. As discussed in different studies, companies in stock exchange markets are affected by the posts made on these social media platforms. At the same time, individuals who are aware of this fact, namely speculators and influencers, may make profit by manipulating the truth. In this study, possible speculators or influencers using the Twitter social media platform are investigated. As the target companies, Google, Amazon, Apple, Tesla, and Microsoft were chosen, which are among the largest companies on the NASDAQ stock exchange market. In the study, asentiment analysis using the Loughran and McDonald sentiment analysis dictionary was utilized. The sentiment analysis results were used to model different machine learning algorithms. With the models, individuals who had too many positive or negative effects as possible speculators or influencers were identified. The study was performed for 5 years of data. The results indicates that (1) without noise reduction, it is not possible to establish a correlation on individual tweets and their effects on the stock market; (2) it is not possible to establish a correlation between the number of tweets and the volume of companies; (3) the effect of threshold on the accuracy, which has been done and proven in different studies, has also been proven in this study; (4) RBF Kernel SVM method gives better result than other machine learning methods

Neuroprotective effects of diltiazem in rabbits with occluded aorta Efeitos neuroprotetores do diltiazem em coelhos com oclusão da aorta

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to determine the protective effect of the perfusion of the distal aorta with diltiazem and ringer lactate solution on the spinal cord. METHODS: Twenty-seven New Zealand rabbits were used in which spinal cord ischemia was provided by occlusion of the aorta for thirty minutes. Experimental animals were divided into four groups: group A (n=4), the sham operation group; group B (n=8) in which intraaortic balloon occlusion alone was applied; group C (n=7), ringer lactate group in which ringer lactate was perfused into distal aorta at a rate of 40 ml/kg, hr, following intraaortic balloon occlusion; group D (n=8) diltiazem group in which diltiazem 40 mg/kg, hr, in Ringer lactate was perfused into distal aorta following intraaortic balloon occlusion. Motor function of hind limbs was evaluated by Tarlov's scoring system. After observation, spinal cords were removed for histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: The degree of histopathological injury was well correlated with neurological function. The most severe histopathological injury and neurological dysfunction occurred in group B, followed by group C, D and A respectively. No injury or neurological dysfunction occurred in the sham group. CONCLUSIONS: The protective effect of diltiazem on both histopathological injury and neurological function was significant in comparison with control groups.OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente trabalho é determinar o efeito protetor da perfusão na aorta distal com diltiazem e solução de Ringer lactato na medula espinal. MÉTODOS: Foram usados 27 coelhos da raça New-Zeland, nos quais se provocou isquemia da medula espinal por meio de oclusão da aorta durante 30 minutos. Os animais experimentais foram divididos em quatro grupos: grupo A (n=4), o grupo de cirurgia simulada (pseudocirurgia); o grupo B (n=8) no qual se aplicou somente a oclusão do balão intraaórtico; grupo C (n=7), o grupo do Ringer lactato, no qual a solução de Ringer lactato foi perfundida na aorta distal após oclusão do balão intra-aórtico; grupo D (n=8), grupo do dialtiazem, no qual 40 mg/kg/h de diltiazem, em solução de Ringer lactato, foram perfundidas na aorta distal após oclusão do balão intra-aórtico. A função motora dos membros posteriores foi avaliada pelo sistema de escore de Tarlov. Após observação, as medulas espinais foram removidas para avaliação histopatológica. RESULTADOS: O grau de lesão histopatologica estava bem correlacionado com a função neurológica. Lesões histopatológicas e disfunções neurológicas mais graves ocorreram no grupo B, seguido pelos grupos C, D e A, respectivamente. Não ocorreu nenhuma lesão ou disfunção neurológica no grupo de cirurgia simulada. CONCLUSÕES: O efeito protetor do diltiazem na lesão histopatológica e na função neurológica foi significativo em comparação com os grupos-controle

Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNo) in Different Asthma Phenotypes

Fractioned exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a noninvasive marker of inflammation in asthmatic patients. FeNO can be used to monitor airway inflammation, but individual responses make tailored interventions based on FeNO difficult. The correlation between the asthma control test (ACT), FEV 1 , and FeNO was evaluated in this study to ascertain the correct usage of FeNO with different asthma phenotypes regarding their control, allergy, comorbidity, obesity, age, smoking status, and severity. ACT, pulmonary function, and FeNO in 416 asthmatic patients on combined therapy were retrospective evaluated. Correlations between these parameters and the FeNO levels in different asthma phenotypes were calculated. In the study population, FeNO was 31.8 ± 28.5 parts per billion (ppb), FEV 1 was 83.4 ± 19% and ACT was 19 ± 5.2. ACT scores were negatively correlated with FeNO (r = −0.31; p = 0.002). FeNO was different in patients with positive and negative skin-prick test (p < 0.05), with and without allergic rhinitis (p < 0.01), and with and without allergic conjunctivitis (p < 0.01). Significantly higher FeNO levels were found with logistic regression analysis only in patients with a history of emergency room visits (ERVs) (p = 0.024). The rate of the ERV of the patients with an ACT score more than or equal to 20 and with a FeNO value of more than 35 ppb was 22.9%, but with a FeNO value of less than 35 ppb was 6.5% (p = 0.004). Allergy and allergic comorbidities may lead to an increase in FeNO levels. Patients with a history of ERV have markedly higher FeNO levels, although they have an ACT score more than or equal to 20

Coexistence of SARS-CoV-2 and cerebrovascular diseases: does COVID-19 positivity trigger cerebrovascular pathologies?

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and to assess the pharmacological agents used in such cases as reported in the literature. Patient files were retrospectively scanned to determine the prevalence of neurological symptoms of the central nervous system (headache, dizziness, lack of smell and taste, numbness in arms and legs, change in consciousness, muscle weakness, loss of urine and stool control) and cerebrovascular diseases (ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid/subdural hemorrhage) in 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19) cases (n = 20,099). The diagnostic laboratory, radiology examinations and treatments applied to these cases were recorded. The data from studies presenting cerebrovascular diseases associated with SARS-Cov-2, which constituted 0.035% of all cases, were systematically evaluated from electronic databases. During the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, it was discovered that high doses of enoxaparin sodium anti-Xa are combined with apixaban or acetylsalicylic acid or clopidogrel or piracetam, and mannitol, in addition to SARS-CoV-2 treatment modalities. While neurological symptoms of the central nervous system are uncommon in cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, cerebrovascular diseases are far less common, according to the findings of this study. Acute cerebral ischemia was discovered to be the most common cerebrovascular disease associated with SARS-CoV-2. The mortality rate increases with the association between SARS-CoV-2 and cerebrovascular disease