Spatial planning and ecological networks in Serbia

The paper explains the importance and role of spatial planning in the context of the preservation and sustainable use of ecological networks. The concept of ecological networks is presented in terms of its main goals, structure, functions and approaches to biodiversity conservation. The paper gives an overview of ecological network development in Serbia, but also an overview of the activities carried out in establishing the NATURA 2000 European ecological network. Possibilities for improving the spatial planning process in light of the functional development of ecological networks in Serbia are indicated through an analysis of the requirements arising from the policies relevant for spatial planning and the development of ecological networks using the example of drawn up spatial plans

Synergy of natural and cultural heritage

The paper points to the significance of synergy and linking of natural and cultural heritage with the dominant spiritual component of the area, which is recognized in several international documents it is working on. Through the analysis of good practice from neighboring countries (Bulgaria, Greece and Italy), as well as examples of similar characteristics in Serbia (Biosphere Reserve Golija-Studenica), and it points to the opportunities for improvement in this area

Sinergija prirodnog i kulturnog nasleđa

The paper points to the significance of synergy and linking of natural and cultural heritage with the dominant spiritual component of the area, which is recognized in several international documents it is working on. Through the analysis of good practice from neighboring countries (Bulgaria, Greece and Italy), as well as examples of similar characteristics in Serbia (Biosphere Reserve Golija-Studenica), and it points to the opportunities for improvement in this area.U radu se ukazuje na značaj sinergije i povezivanja prirodnog i kulturnog nasleđa sa dominantnom duhovnom komponentom područja, što je prepoznato u više međunarodnih dokumenata na koje se u radu i poziva. Kroz analizu primera dobre prakse zemalja u okruženju (Bugarske, Grčke i Italije), kao i primera sličnih karakteristika u Srbiji (Rezervata biosfere Golija- Studenica), ukazuje se na mogućnosti za unapređenje ove oblasti

The spatial planning, protection and management of world heritage in Serbia

The paper indicates the importance of spatial planning as a specific instrument for the protection and management of World Heritage sites in Serbia. The paper analyses the obligations set forth in the international and national documents and legislation relevant for spatial planning, on the one hand, and World Heritage protection, on the other hand. The notion, criteria, method of zoning, systems and approaches to the management of sites inscribed on the World Heritage List are shown through the concept of World Heritage. The paper also emphasizes the importance of adopting management plans for all World Heritage sites and their incorporation into the national legislation and planning documents, primarily into the special purpose area spatial plans. It also gives examples of special purpose spatial plans in order to consider the treatment of World Heritage in these documents, and to make proposals for improving the spatial planning and the existing protection and management of the World Heritage sites in Serbia

Metode kompjuterski potpomognutog dizajniranja lekova u istraživanju novih potencijalnih terapeutika za neuropsihijatrijske i inflamatorne bolesti

Drug discovery and development is a very challenging, expensive and time-consuming process. Impressive technological advances in computer sciences and molecular biology have made it possible to use computer-aided drug design (CADD) methods in various stages of the drug discovery and development pipeline. Nowadays, CADD presents an efficacious and indispensable tool, widely used in medicinal chemistry, to lead rational drug design and synthesis of novel compounds. In this article, an overview of commonly used CADD approaches from hit identification to lead optimization was presented. Moreover, different aspects of design of multitarget ligands for neuropsychiatric and anti-inflammatory diseases were summarized. Apparently, designing multi-target directed ligands for treatment of various complex diseases may offer better efficacy, and fewer side effects. Antipsychotics that act through aminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), especially dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, are the best option for treatment of various symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Furthermore, multi-target directed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitors are also a successful approach to aid the discovery of new anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer side effects. Overall, employing CADD approaches in the process of rational drug design provides a great opportunity for future development, allowing rapid identification of compounds with the optimal polypharmacological profile.Proces otkrića i razvoja lekova je veoma zahtevan, skup i dugotrajan. Veliki tehnološki napredak u molekularnoj biologiji i kompjuterskim naukama je omogućio primenu metoda kompjuterski potpomognutog dizajniranja lekova (CADD) u različitim fazama procesa otkrića i razvoja lekova. Danas CADD predstavlja efikasnu i nezamenljivu alatku, koja se široko koristi u medicinskoj hemiji za racionalni dizajn i sintezu novih jedinjenja. U ovom preglednom radu biće prikazani CADD pristupi koji se najčešće koriste od procesa identifikacije hit jedinjenja do optimizacije lead jedinjenja. Pored toga, biće predstavljeni različiti aspekti u dizajnu višeciljnih liganada za neuropsihijatrijske i inflamatorne bolesti. Pokazano je da su ova jedinjenja veoma efikasna u lečenju složenih bolesti zbog veće efikasnosti i manje neželjenih efekata koje izazivaju. Antipsihotici koji deluju preko aminergičnih G-protein spregnutih receptora (GPCR), posebno preko dopaminskih D2 i serotoninskih 5-HT2A receptora, predstavljaju najbolju opcija za lečenje različitih simptoma povezanih sa neuropsihijatrijskim poremećajima. Pored toga, dizajn i sinteza dualnih inhibitora ciklooksigenaze-2 (COX-2) i 5lipoksigenaze (5-LOX) takođe predstavlja uspešan pristup u otkrivanju novih antiinflamatornih lekova sa manje neželjenih efekata. Na kraju se može zaključiti da primena CADD metoda u procesu racionalnog dizajniranja lekova pruža značajnu priliku za dalji napredak jer omogućava brzu identifikaciju jedinjenja sa optimalnim polifarmakološkim profilom

Protected Natural Areas and Ecotourism - Priority Strategies for Future Development in Selected Serbian Case Studies

This research deals with the evaluation of tourist attractions in selected protected areas (PAs) in Serbia for the purpose of developing ecotourism. Using the integral AHP-SWOT method, two authentic mountain areas were analyzed—Stara Planina Nature Park and Suva Planina Special Nature Reserve. The results confirmed the presence of numerous natural and, to a lesser extent, anthropogenic resources that represent the basis for the future ecotourism activities. However, significant weaknesses were also registered, which are reflected in overall poverty, underdeveloped infrastructure and depopulation. The analysis also showed that the highest rated factors for the development of ecotourism are local products that should be offered on the regional market, as well as the use of the geographical position of both areas (near the state border) through the use of donor funds (IPA funds). The application of the AHP-SWOT method enabled the definition and prioritization of several development strategies, of which the ones with the greatest weight are based on the use of the variegated biodiversity of both PAs. This research advances knowledge about strategic decision-making in PAs and could be beneficial to destination managers for the creation of successful strategic plans. Results suggest that future actions should be aimed at maximizing the detected advantages, which means creating an appropriate development policy, drafting legislation, encouraging social mobilization activities and determining the institutional elements for the development and management of ecotourism

Alkyl polyglucoside vs. ethoxylated surfactant-based microemulsions as vehicles for two poorly water-soluble drugs: physicochemical characterization and in vivo skin performance

Two types of biocompatible surfactants were evaluated for their capability to formulate skin-friendly/non-irritant microemulsions as vehicles for two poorly water-soluble model drugs differing in properties and concentrations: alkyl polyglucosides (decyl glucoside and caprylyl/capryl glucoside) and ethoxylated surfactants (glycereth-7-caprylate/caprate and polysorbate 80). Phase behavior, structural inversion and microemulsion solubilization potential for sertaconazole nitrate and adapalene were found to be highly dependent on the surfactants structure and HLB value. Performed characterization (polarized light microscopy, pH, electrical conductivity, rheological, FTIR and DSC measurements) indicated a formulation containing glycereth-7-caprylate/caprate as suitable for incorporation of both drugs, whereas alkyl polyglucoside-based systems did not exhibit satisfying solubilization capacity for sertaconazole nitrate. Further, monitored parameters were strongly affected by sertaconazole nitrate incorporation, while they remained almost unchanged in adapalene-loaded vehicles. In addition, results of the in vivo skin performance study supported acceptable tolerability for all investigated formulations, suggesting selected microemulsions as promising carriers worth exploring further for effective skin delivery of model drugs

Programme basis for elaboration of the spatial plan for special purpose area of Tara National Park

Having in mind the importance of Tara National Park at national (1st category natural heritage of extraordinary importance) and international level (potential reserve of biosphere within the UNESCO MAB programme; heritage on the Serbian preliminary list for the UNESCO World cultural and natural heritage; international center of biodiversity), as well as clauses of the Law on planning and construction according to which a spatial plan for special purpose area has to be adopted for national parks, the Republic Agency for Spatial Planning has prepared a Decision to elaborate a Spatial Plan for Special Purpose Area of Tara National Park, adopted by the Government of the Republic of Serbia in November 2006. This paper deals with the importance and necessity to elaborate the spatial plan for special purpose area; it also gives an overview of the main objectives and goals as well as of the SWOT analysis (state of the art, constraints and potentials)

PREVAZILAŽENJE KONFLIKATA U PODRUČJIMA KULTURNOG NASLEĐA: STUDIJA SLUČAJA BELO BRDO-VINČA U BEOGRADU, SRBIJA

This paper researches the problems of protection and management of cultural heritage sites in Serbia and the possibilities of harmonization of conflicts in these areas. As a case study, the Belo Brdo archaeological site in the city of Belgrade was analyzed. The Belo Brdo archaeological site is of international importance and represents the largest and the most significant multi-layered prehistoric settlement in Europe and the eponymous site of the younger Neolithic, Vinča cultural group. The main research problem is how conflicts, between cultural heritage protection and other activities could be harmonized in the areas of cultural heritage sites. The basic goal of this research is to define the possible directions of improvements of planning and management practices in the areas of cultural heritage sites, including institutional and policy mechanisms, as well as a suitable management model. The results of the research could be applicable in the future planning practices of other cultural heritage sites in the country and region.U radu se istražuju problemi zaštite i upravljanja kulturnim nasleđem u Srbiji i mogućnosti prevazilaženja konflikata u ovim područjima. Kao studija slučaja analizirano je arheološko nalazište Belo Brdo u gradu Beogradu. Arheološko nalazište Belo Brdo je od međunarodnog značaja i predstavlja najveće i najznačajnije višeslojno praistorijsko naselje u Evropi i istoimeno nalazište mlađe neolitske, vinčanske kulturne grupe. Glavni istraživački problem je kako se konflikti između zaštite kulturnog nasleđa i drugih aktivnosti mogu uskladiti u oblastima kulturnog nasleđa. Osnovni cilj istraživanja je definisanje mogućih pravaca unapređenja prakse planiranja i upravljanja u oblastima kulturnog nasleđa, uključujući institucionalne i mehanizme politika, kao i odgovarajući model upravljanja. Rezultati istraživanja mogli bi da budu primenljivi u budućoj praksi planiranja drugih objekata kulturnog nasleđa u zemlji i regionu

Spatial planning and ecological networks in Serbia

The paper explains the importance and role of spatial planning in the context of the preservation and sustainable use of ecological networks. The concept of ecological networks is presented in terms of its main goals, structure, functions and approaches to biodiversity conservation. The paper gives an overview of ecological network development in Serbia, but also an overview of the activities carried out in establishing the NATURA 2000 European ecological network. Possibilities for improving the spatial planning process in light of the functional development of ecological networks in Serbia are indicated through an analysis of the requirements arising from the policies relevant for spatial planning and the development of ecological networks using the example of drawn up spatial plans. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR 36035: Spatial, Environmental, Energy and Social Aspects of Developing Settlements and Climate Change - Mutual Impacts