Dynamic Texture Map Based Artifact Reduction For Compressed Videos

This paper proposes a method of artifact reduction in compressed videos using dynamic texture map together with artifact maps and 3D - fuzzy filters. To preserve better details during filtering process, the authors introduce a novel method to construct a texture map for video sequences called dynamic texture map. Then, temporal arifacts such as flicker artifacts and mosquito artifacts are also estimated by advanced flicker maps and mosquito maps. These maps combined with fuzzy filters are applied to intraframe and interframe pixels to enhancecompressed videos. Simulation results verify the advanced performance of the proposed fuzzy filtering scheme in term of visual quality, SSIM, PSNR and flicker metrics in comparisionwith existing state of the art methods

Effects of imidacloprid and fenobucarb on the dynamics of the psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and on the incidence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus

Introduction. The effects of imidacloprid and fenobucarb insecticides on the dynamics of the psyllid Diaphorina citri and on the incidence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( Ca. L. a.), the putative causal agent of Huanglongbing disease (HLB), were studied in a field experiment. Materials and methods. The experimental design consisted of three independent 0.5-ha Citrus orchards planted with disease-free HLB-susceptible orange trees, located in a Citrus producing area seriously affected by HLB. Imidacloprid was applied monthly to the trunks in one orchard at a rate of 0.15 g a.i.·tree –1 ; fenobucarb was sprayed fortnightly in a second orchard at a rate of 250 g a.i.·ha –1. The 3rd orchard was managed as a control without insecticide applications. The total number of adult D. citri specimens and the percentages of trees harbouring psyllid eggs and 5th instar nymphs were monitored at fortnightly intervals in each orchard. Ca. L. a. incidence was assessed in each orchard by PCR at 5 months, 12 months and 24 months after planting. Results. Compared with the control, both the fenobucarb and imidacloprid treatments reduced adult psyllid populations by over 90% and reduced the frequency of trees harbouring eggs and 5th instar nymphs. Only imidacloprid treatments totally prevented development of a new generation of adults from eggs. Two years after planting, the prevalence of Ca. L. a. was 0.939, 0.745 and 0.239 in the control and in the orchards treated with fenobucarb and imidacloprid, respectively. Discussion and conclusion. The results indicated that, although both the insecticides used effectively reduced D.citri populations by killing adults and nymphs and by affecting or preventing psyllid reproduction in orchards, neither of the two insecticide treatments totally prevented transmission of Ca. L. asiaticus. However, due to its long-lasting effect and systemic activity, the imidacloprid treatment provided the best protection against infections, and delayed and slowed down the spread of the pathogen. Furthermore, it reduced the number of pesticide applications needed and left the way open for biological integrated pest management programmes. (Résumé d'auteur

Performance Analysis of Adaptive Modulation for Distributed Switch-and-Stay Combining with Single Relay

In this paper we present our investigation of the performance of a distributed switch-and-stay scheme and a solution for low-complexity cooperative relaying under adaptive transmission. We are able to derive the closed-form expressions of the occurrence probability, the outage probability, the bit error probability, and the achievable spectral efficiency of the proposed scheme for Rayleigh fading channels. Simulations are performed to verify the analytic results. It is shown that, by applying adaptive modulation, the achievable spectral efficiency of the system is improved significantly, and the proposed scheme achieves the same spectral efficiency as compared to that of the incremental relaying but with a lower relay activation time

Organic - Inorganic Hybrid Luminescent Composite for Solid-state Lighting

White light emitting diodes (WLEDs) made by coating organic and inorganic hybrid composites on blue LED chips. Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG:Ce) nano inorganic powder prepared by low-temperature Sol-Gel method exhibited broad green emission with the peak at 521 nm. Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) polymer has high luminescence efficiency and red emission peak at 590 nm. The white light was obtained by mixing blue light from emission of the blue LED chip - Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) and green-red light from the fluorescence of nano- YAG:Ce and MEH-PPV polymer hybrid composite. The hybrid nanocomposite-based WLEDs exhibited broad band emission spectra from blue light to red wavelengths and provided the white light with a CIE-1931 coordinate of x = 0.2986, y = 0.2620 and a colour rendering index Ra = 84.36. The results suggest a potential application of nanocomposite based WLEDs in efficient solid-state lighting

Minimum guidelines for CSV implementation

Climate-smart village (CSV) has been demonstrated as a good model to practice climate-smart agriculture technologies and practices (CSA T&Ps) for enhancing adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change in rural areas worldwide. This material documents detailed stepwise guidelines for CSV implementation at village level from three CSVs that have been successfully established for three distinctive agroecologies of Yen Bai province. These CSVs were developed in three different projects, such as the CCAFS FP2.1 (2015-2018), VIBE 2018.05 (2019-2021), and NTM (2020) projects. The document will provide technical guidance for improving the implementation of Vietnam’s National Target Program on New Rural Development (NTM) in the 2021-2030 Strategy towards climate adaptation and resilience in vulnerable rural areas

Outcome and impact assessment of the Climate-Smart Village Program in Northern Vietnam

Yen Bai province inherits representative biophysical, socio-economic, smaller-holder farming characteristics to economic marginalization and climatic risks and impacts to agricultural production and local livelihoods of Vietnam’s northern mountain region (NMR). The CCAFS project deployed to Ma Climate-Smart Village (CSV) in Yen Bai in 2015 with bilateral funding support from two other research projects aimed at setting up a demonstration-for-scaling example of a rural community equipped with capacities for enhanced climate adaptation and resilience. This study applied a three tier interview data collection methodology (key informant interviews – focus group discussions – indepth farmer interviews) to thoroughly investigate 120 households about six main outcomes accomplished by the project up until 2021. The project has achieved great outcomes from the village to the provincial levels. However, the project work still has a potential to be scaled to the National Target Program on New Rural Development (NTM) given its interest in developing resilient communities in climate-vulnerable regions across the country applying the CSV approach in its 2021-2025 strategy. Despite the closing of the CCAFS program by December 2021, this most important scaling pathway will be continued by the VIBE 2018.05 (funded by the Irish Aid) and COALESCE/2020/34 (funded by the Irish Research Council) under the management of Vietnam National University of Agriculture – a long-term strategic partner of the CCAFS program in the NRM

Scaling the Climate-Smart Village model in national-level programs: The recommendations for adoption in the implementation of the Nông Thôn Mới (Vietnam’s National Target Program on New Rural Development) 2021-2030 Strategy

The New Rural Development Program or Nông Thôn Mới (NTM) is a national target program of Vietnam that has enabled 57% of rural communes to achieve the NTM status, which aims to raise the socio-economic standard of living of small communities while facilitating agricultural development. Agricultural development is threatened by the impacts of climate change, which carries high risk for an agriculture-dependent country like Vietnam. This Info Note discusses how the Climate-Smart Village (CSV) model can be applied in the NTM to help the communities under this program achieve “advanced” and “demonstration” status based on 19 criteria. Recommendations were listed on how to integrate the CSV model into the NTM

Penicillium digitatum as a Model Fungus for Detecting Antifungal Activity of Botanicals: An Evaluation on Vietnamese Medicinal Plant Extracts.

peer reviewedMedicinal plants play important roles in traditional medicine, and numerous compounds among them have been recognized for their antimicrobial activity. However, little is known about the potential of Vietnamese medicinal plants for antifungal activity. In this study, we examined the antagonistic activity of twelve medicinal plant species collected in Northern Vietnam against Penicillium digitatum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Candida albicans. The results showed that the antifungal activities of the crude extracts from Mahonia bealei, Ficus semicordata, and Gnetum montanum were clearly detected with the citrus postharvest pathogen P. digitatum. These extracts could fully inhibit the growth of P. digitatum on the agar medium, and on the infected citrus fruits at concentrations of 300-1000 µg/mL. Meanwhile, the other tested fungi were less sensitive to the antagonistic activity of the plant extracts. In particular, we found that the ethanolic extract of M. bealei displayed a broad-spectrum antifungal activity against all four pathogenic fungi. Analysis of this crude extract by enrichment coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that berberine and palmatine are major metabolites. Additional inspections indicated berberine as the key compound responsible for the antifungal activity of the M. bealei ethanolic extract. Our study provides a better understanding of the potential of Vietnamese medicinal plant resources for combating fungal pathogens. This work also highlights that the citrus pathogen P. digitatum can be employed as a model fungus for screening the antifungal activity of botanicals

Severe malaria not responsive to artemisinin derivatives in man returning from Angola to Vietnam.

Resistance to artemisinin derivatives, the most potent antimalarial drugs currently used, has emerged in Southeast Asia and threatens to spread to Africa. We report a case of malaria in a man who returned to Vietnam after 3 years in Angola that did not respond to intravenous artesunate and clindamycin or an oral artemisinin-based combination