Knowing the ABCs: Teaching the principles of radiology to medical students in Turkey

Background: Radiology education in Turkey is mainly taught during clinical years of medical school and often lacks main principles. Exposure to the fundamentals of radiology at an early stage of medical education may drastically help students generate a better understanding of radiology and expand their interest in the specialty. With the Principles of Radiology Course that we provided, pre- and post-session tests, and assessment survey at the end of the course, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of such an online course among Turkish medical students. Methods: A total of nine online sessions on imaging modalities principles was developed by radiology professors. Each session was given through Zoom by radiologists from different U.S.-institutions to Turkish medical students from state (n = 33) and private (n = 8) universities. Pretests and post-tests were given to participants via Qualtrics before and after each session, respectively. Paired two-sample t-tests were conducted to detect the variance and p=-.05 was used as the significance level. An evaluation survey was distributed at the end of the course to collect their feedback through SurveyMonkey. Results: A total of 1,438 predominantly Turkish (99.32%) medical students engaged with this course. An average of 506 students completed both pre-test and post-test. There was a statistically significant (p <.001) increase in the scores in post-test (mean[range]:7.58[5.21–8.53]) relative to pre-test (mean[range]:5.10[3.52–8.53]). Four hundred and thirty-nine participants (F/M:63.33%/35.54%) completed the end-of-course survey. A total of 71% and 69.70% of the participants strongly agreed that the course would be useful in their clinical practice and had increased their understanding of radiology. They also reported that their level of confidence in the subjects had increased 68% and reached a weighted average of 3.09/4. The survey revealed that 396 (90.21%) of the participants strongly or somewhat agree that introductory principles and concepts should be presented in earlier years of medical education. Compared to in-person education, 358 (81.55%) found the course extremely or very convenient. Conclusion: Online lecture series consisting of the principles of the radiological imaging modalities can be offered to Turkish medical students to enhance their grasp of the various imaging modalities and their correct clinical application

Parental psychological distress associated with COVID-19 outbreak: A large-scale multicenter survey from Turkey

Aims: Pandemics can cause substantial psychological distress; however, we do not know the impact of the COVID-19 related lockdown and mental health burden on the parents of school age children. We aimed to comparatively examine the COVID-19 related the stress and psychological burden of the parents with different occupational, locational, and mental health status related backgrounds. Methods: A large-scale multicenter online survey was completed by the parents (n = 3,278) of children aged 6 to 18 years, parents with different occupational (health care workers—HCW [18.2%] vs. others), geographical (İstanbul [38.2%] vs. others), and psychiatric (child with a mental disorder [37.8%]) backgrounds. Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that being a HCW parent (odds ratio 1.79, p <.001), a mother (odds ratio 1.67, p <.001), and a younger parent (odds ratio 0.98, p =.012); living with an adult with a chronic physical illness (odds ratio 1.38, p <.001), having an acquaintance diagnosed with COVID-19 (odds ratio 1.22, p =.043), positive psychiatric history (odds ratio 1.29, p <.001), and living with a child with moderate or high emotional distress (odds ratio 1.29, p <.001; vs. odds ratio 2.61, p <.001) were independently associated with significant parental distress. Conclusions: Parents report significant psychological distress associated with COVID-19 pandemic and further research is needed to investigate its wider impact including on the whole family unit. © The Author(s) 2020

Aortic Dissection presenting as ischemic stroke: A case report

An aortic dissection (AD) is the accumulation of blood in the wall of the aorta on account of a tear in the aort intima. The most typical manifestation is a severe chest pain. Atypical findings might be present in in some cases and this might lead to delay in diagnosis. Echocardiography (ECHO) is a noninvasive and easily available technique used in the diagnosis of AD. AD requires urgent surgery and the delay in the diagnosis and the treatment results in high mortality.ın this study an aortic case characterized with ischemic stroke is presented

Tuberculous Meningitis Presented with Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Acute Deafness

Tuberculous meningitis is the most severe manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis with a high mortality and morbidity rates. It is usually presented with headache, fever, consciousness disturbances and convulsions. Eigth cranial nerve involvement is rarely reported in patients with tuberculous meningitis. There are only a few cases who presented with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss in the literature and the relationship between sensorineural hearing loss and tuberculous meningitis remains unclear. Acute deafness due to bilateral sensorineural hearing loss is not reported in the literature. We presented a 64 year old man who presented with an acute onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss associated with tuberculous meningitis

Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) has a wide range of clinical presentations, ranging from confusion to coma accompanied by many kinds of continuous or recurrent epileptic discharges on electroencephalogram (EEG). It may occur not only in epileptic patients, but also in adults with no previous history of epilepsy. EEG is the only reliable method of diagnosis. Identification may be particularly difficult, and consequently, a high level of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis may increase morbidity and mortality. This report presents a case in which the patient’s NCSE was due to infection

Aripiprazole-ınduced parkinsonism: report of two cases

treatment of psychosis related to schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, and Parkinson’s disease. Well-documented side effects associated with the use of aripiprazole include insomnia, anxiety, headache, nausea, vomiting, and somnolence. Aripiprazole is associated with infrequent extrapyramidal side effects. Parkinsonism is caused by some drugs that block dopamine receptors. The sign of drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) has a subacute onset and the clinical picture is usually dominated by akinetic-rigid symptoms. The symptoms of parkinsonism generally disappear within a few months after cessation of the drug. Aripiprazole, a dopamine system stabilizer, has fewer extrapyramidal side effects than typical antipsychotics. In this paper, we present two cases of aripiprazole-induced parkinsonism.Aripiprazol şizofreni tedavisinde onaylanmış, bipolar bozukluk tedavisinde etkili olan ikinci jenerasyon bir atipik antipsikotiktir (1). Nöroleptik ve antiemetik gibi santral sinir sistemini bloke eden ilaçlara bağlı olarak, parkinsonizm, tardif diskinezi, tardif distoni, akatizi, myoklonus ve tremor gibi hareket bozuklukları ortaya çıkmaktadır (2). Bunlar içinde en sık görüleni ilacın indüklediği parkinsonizmdir (İİP). Olgular klinik olarak idiyopatik parkinson hastalığına (İPH) çok benzediğinden, yanlışlıkla İPH tanısı alıp, tedavi başlanabilmektedir (3). Aripiprazolün bilinen en sık yan etkileri baş ağrısı, uykusuzluk,anksiyete, bilinç değişikliği, bulantı ve kusmadır (4). Atipik antipsikotiklerin tipik nöroleptiklere göre daha az ekstrapiramidal yan etki profiline sahip olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Literatürde aripiprazol ilişkili parkinsonizm ile ilişkili yazı son derece azdır ve olgu sunumları şeklindedir. Bu yazıda aripiprazole bağlı parkinsonizm gelişen iki olgu sunulmuştur

Thrombolytic treatment given at the and of the first week of stroke due to pulmonary embolism in a patient with middlee cerebral artery infarction

Thrombolytic treatment is the most effective and commonly used method into firs 4,5 hours of acute ischemic stroke and massive pulmonary embolism. It is known that thrombolytic treatment is definitely contraindicated in cases who had an ischemic stroke into last three months. In this paper, it was reported that thrombolytic treatment had given for pulmonary embolism which developed one week after stroke in a case with stroke due to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Here, we presented a case which is rarely seen and required difficulty in deciding

Report of ischemic stroke mimicking isolated ulnar nerve paralysis

The cortical motor hand area is the precentral gyrus. Small cortical infarcts of this area can caused isolated hand weakness. Weakness can consist of either all fingers or ulnar-sided fingers. A 71-year-old man admitted to the emergency department with sudden weakness of the right fourth and fifth fingers Diffusion-weighted brain imaging of a magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed acute infarction of right precentral gyrus. Cardioembolus is the determined ischemic stroke subtype. This report presented a case of ischemic stroke mimicking isolated ulnar nerve paralysis