24 research outputs found
The main peculiarities of the processes of the deformation and destruction of lunar soil
The main results of study of the physical and mechanical properties of lunar soil, obtained by laboratory study of samples returned from the moon by Luna 16 and Luna 20, as well as by operation of the self-propelled Lunokhod 1 and Lunokhod 2 on the surface of the moon, are analyzed in the report. All studies were carried out by single methods and by means of unified instruments, allowing a confident comparison of the results obtained. The investigations conducted allowed the following values of the main physical-mechanical properties of lunar soil to be determined: in the natural condition the solid density corresponds to the porosity of 0.8; the modal value of the carrying capacity is 0.4 kg/square cm; adhesion is 0.04 to 0.06 kg/square cm; and the internal angle of friction is 20 to 25 degree. The main mechanisms of deformation and destruction of the soil are analyzed in the report, and the relationships between the mechanical properties and physical parameters of the soil are presented
Selfgravitating Gas Spheres in a Box and Relativistic Clusters: Relation between Dynamical and Thermodynamical Stability
We derive a variational principle for the dynamical stability of a cluster as
a gas sphere in a box. Newtonian clusters are always dynamically stable and,
for relativistic clusters, the relation between dynamical and thermodynamical
instabilities is analyzed. The boundaries between dynamically and
thermodynamically stable and unstable models are found numerically for
relativistic stellar systems with different cut off parameters. A criterion
based on binding energy curve is used for determination of the boundary of
dynamical stability.Comment: 10 figure
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-Π°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
Objective: to optimize artificial ventilation on the basis of studies of lung mechanical properties in neonatal infants with visceroabdominal disproportion in the perioperative period. Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 57 neonates, including 42 (73.7%) with gastroschisis and 15 (26.3%) with omphalocele. All the patients received intensive care, artificial ventilation using a Bear Cub apparatus in the control modes by the volume (A/C, SIMV/PSV) with continuous monitoring of hemodynamics and respiratory mechanics (dynamic compliance, resistance, pressure-volume loop, and flow-volume) by applying a graphics monitor. Intraabdominal pressure (IAP) was measured by the Crohn method. Results. The investigation showed an association between the changes in IAP in different stages of the study and those in respiratory parameters in newborns. Preoperative adaptation of the respiratory system was noted in all the neonates. Within the first 24 hours of the first-stage correction of visceroabdominal disproportion, both groups showed a gradual reduction in dynamic compliance by 3.4 times, a rise in resistance by 2.42 times with PIP being increased up to high figures β 20β22 cm H2O, as well as maximum value changes on the graphics monitor. The mechanical properties of the lung returned to relatively normal values at 72 hours of extension. Conclusion. Elevation of IAP to high values causes changes in respiratory mechanics and is a rather informative criterion for correction of ventilation parameters. Furthermore, a marked perioperative IAP increase (more than 10β11 mm Hg) maximally affects the mechanical properties of the lung in neonatal infants with visceroab-dominal disproportion. Key words: visceroabdominal disproportion, intraabdominal pressure, compliance, respiratory mechanics, resistance.Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-Π°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ 57 Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ β 42 Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
(73,7%), Ρ ΠΎΠΌΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ β 15 (26,3%). ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ, ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ Β«Bear CubΒ» Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ (A/C, SIMV/PSV) Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρ β Odyn, ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ β Rpk, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅-ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ-ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°). ΠΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠΎΠ½Π°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ-Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
. Π£ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-Π°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΉΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π² 3,4 ΡΠ°Π·Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² 2,42 ΡΠ°Π·Π° Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ PIP Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡ 20β22 ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄. ΡΡ., ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ 72 ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ (Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 10β11 ΠΌΠΌ ΡΡ. ΡΡ) ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅-ΡΠΎ-Π°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ, Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρ, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ
ON THE ISSUE OF BROADENING THE LIMITS OF ANTI-CORRUPTION EXPERTISE CARRIED OUT BY PROSECUTORβS OFFICE BODIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article views the issues of broadening the object and subject of anti-corruption expertise of normative legal acts and their drafts carried out by the prosecutorβs office bodies. The main theoretical approaches to defining the subject and object of anticorruption expertise are analyzed