11 research outputs found
Właściwości przeciwbakteryjne ekstraktów i ich frakcji trzech gatunków Eryngium L.
Introduction: Due to increasing resistance against antibiotics and antifungal agents, crude plant extracts, fractions, and isolated pure compounds became a new interest as antimicrobial agents. Objectives: The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts and fractions of Eryngium planum L., E. campestre L., and E. maritimum L. was evaluated against selected bacteria, yeast and mould, and compared in tested Eryngium species and in their organs. Methods: The antimicrobial activity was studied with use of broth microdilution method. The antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and antifungal (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger) activity of selected extracts and fractions compared with the reference substance was expressed by Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentration (MBC/MFC).The extract and fraction compounds were identified on the basis of TLC examination. Results: The saponin-phenolic acid fractions of E. maritimum and E. planum and a saponin fraction of E. planum showed the highest activity against S. aureus (MIC = 1–2.5 mg·ml-1). The growth of C. albicans was inhibited by methanolic extract of E. planum cell suspension culture (MIC = 7.8 mg·ml-1). Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity depends on the Eryngium species, tested biomass, and microorganism.Wstęp: Z powodu rosnącej oporności na antybiotyki i środki przeciwgrzybicze rośnie zainteresowanie ekstraktami roślinnymi, frakcjami i wyizolowanymi czystymi związkami jako
środkami przeciwdrobnoustrojowymi. Cel: Badano aktywność przeciwdrobnoustrojową
ekstraktów metanolowych i frakcji Eryngium planum L., E. campestre L. i E. maritimum L. w
stosunku do wybranych bakterii, drożdżaka i grzyba pleśniowego oraz porównywano badane gatunki Eryngium i ich organy. Metody: Aktywność przeciwdrobnoustrojową badano
z zastosowaniem metody seryjnych rozcieńczeń w bulionie. Aktywność przeciwbakteryjna
(Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) i przeciwgrzybicza (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger) wybranych ekstraktów i frakcji, w porównaniu z substancją referencyjną, wyrażona została za pomocą minimalnego stężenia hamującego (MIC) i minimalnego stężenia
bakterio- lub grzybobójczego (MBC/MFC). Wyniki: Frakcje saponinowo-fenolokwasowe E.
maritimum i E. planum oraz frakcja saponinowa E. planum wykazały najwyższą aktywność
wobec S. aureus (MIC = 1–2,5 mg∙ml -1). Wzrost C. albicans był hamowany przez metanolowy ekstrakt zawiesiny komórkowej E. planum (MIC = 7,8 mg∙ml -1). Wnioski: Aktywność
przeciwdrobnoustrojowa zależy od gatunku Eryngium, testowanej biomasy i mikroorganizmu
Relationship between antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, genes coding virulence factors and source of origin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains
Evaluation of antiamoebic and antimicrobial activities in vitro of Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach extracts
The free-living Acanthamoeba sp. causes various diseases. Treatment of them is very difficult and not always
effective because of encystation, making it highly resistant to antiamoebic drugs. Gram-positive bacteria
staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, and an yeast candida albicans also exhibit
outstanding resistance to antimicrobial substances. The search for new natural amoebicidal and antimicrobial
agents of plant origin is still of current interest. The aim of the study was to investigate the amoebicidal activity
of the extracts obtained from tissue culture and a field-grown plant of chaenomeles japonica against pathogenic
trophozoites of Acanthamoeba spp. and antimicrobial effect against s. aureus, E. coli, and c. albicans. The
extracts of c. japonica had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Acanthamoeba trophozoites as compared
to the non-treated control. among the crude extracts tested, the extract of leaves, from both shoot culture and
the field-grown plant had remarkable amoebicidal action against the trophozoites but also antibacterial activity
against Gram-positive bacteria staphylococcus aureus. The extract from leaves from shoot culture, already on
the second and third days of treatment, showed an antiamoebicidal effect at a concentration of 1 mg ml-1 (inhibi-
tion of trophozoites 87.5% and 91.8%, respectively). In addition to leaves from shoot culture (a conc. 5 mg ml-1,
2nd day inhibition of trophozoites 85.7% and 3rd day 97.2%), leaves from a field-grown plant (a conc. 5 mg ml-1,
2nd day 91.0% and 3rd day 94.4%) and callus (a conc. 5 mg ml-1, 2nd day 90.0% and 3rd day – 95.4%) also exhib-
ited a good antiamoebicidal activity. Out of the four extracts, the extracts from leaves from both shoot culture and
a field-grown plant were reported to be the most active against Gram-positive s. aureus, which was determined
by the values of MIC = 5.0 mg ml-1 and MIC = 2.5 mg ml-1, respectively. The inhibitory potential depends on
the yield and composition of mainly bioactive compounds: pentacyclic terpenoids (mainly betulinic, ursolic, and
oleanolic acids) and polyphenols (mainly chlorogenic acid and its isomers, epicatechin, dimeric, and trimeric
proanthocyanidins, quercetin and kaempferol derivatives)
Micropropagation of Eryngium campestre L. via shoot culture provides valuable uniform plant material with enhanced content of phenolic acids and antimicrobial activity
An efficient micropropagation protocol for production of genetically uniform clones of Eryngium campestre L.
was developed. To determine the effect of nutritional and hormonal factors on shoot and root development and
bioactive compounds production, three variants of media differing in the content of macro- and micronutrients, as
well as plant growth regulators of various types and concentrations were tested. The highest regeneration (100%),
with over 13 shoots per explant, was induced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 1.0 mg lˉ¹ benzyladenine
(BA) and 0.1 mg lˉ¹ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The in vitro derived shoots multiplied through axillary bud
formation were rooted and transferred to an experimental plot with 78% frequency of survival. Flow cytometry
showed no variation in nuclear DNA between the seedlings and micropropagated plants. Preliminary thin layer
chromatography (TLC) analysis indicated that phenolic acids, saponins, flavonoids and acetylenes were present
in plant biomass. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analysis revealed that shoots and roots
from in vitro derived plants and root cultures maintained the ability to produce rosmarinic acid (RA), rosmarinic
acid hexoside (RA-HEX) and chlorogenic acid (CGA). The highest phenolic acid content was detected in roots of
in vitro regenerated plants. The extract from those roots expressed the highest inhibitory effect against bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus, as well as dermatophytes Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum
Duplication at chromosome 2q31.1-q31.2 in a family presenting syndactyly and nystagmus
International audienceHOXD genes encode transcription factors involved in the antero-posterior patterning of the limb bud and in the specification of fingers. During the embryo development, HOXD genes are expressed following a spatio-temporal colinearity which involves at least 3 regions, centrometric and telomeric to this cluster. Here, we describe a father and a daughter presenting a 3-4 hand bilateral syndactyly associated with a nystagmus. Array-CGH showed a 3.8 Mb duplication at 2q31.1-q31.2 comprising 27 genes including the entire HOXD cluster. We performed expression studies in lymphoblasts by RT-PCR and observed a HOXD13 and HOXD10 overexpression whereas the HOXD12 expression was decreased. HOXD13 and HOXD10 overexpression associated with a misregulation of at least HOXD12 may therefore induce the syndactyly. Deletions of the HOXD cluster and its regulatory sequences induce hand malformations and particularly finger anomalies. Recently, smaller duplications of the same region have been reported in association with a mesomelic dysplasia, type Kantaputra. We discuss the variable phenotypes associated with such 2q duplications