The tactics and strategies of naturalisation: UK and EU27 citizens in the context of Brexit

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies on 23/11/2020, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1844003Using in-depth interviews with British citizens in Belgium, British citizens in the UK who have explored applying for another citizenship and EU27 citizens in the UK, I explore how Brexit impacts decisions among the three groups on whether to apply for naturalisation. The Brexit process has introduced significant uncertainties about its outcome, its impact on the rights and mobility of the groups involved and, in the UK, about xenophobia and the economy. Most British interviewees have explored applying for the citizenship of an EU member state – including Belgium, but also Ireland, France or Italy – by residence, ancestry or marriage, in order to safeguard their rights. EU27 interviewees were more ambivalent about applying for UK citizenship, as citizenship would safeguard their rights, but they were uncertain about the desirability of remaining in the UK. I show that the uncertainties linked to the Brexit process make the naturalisation decision time-dependent, complex and uncertain. More generally, I propose to reconceptualise most naturalisation decisions as contingent, tentative and uncertain tactics, rather than well-calculated and foreseeable strategies

Brexit as a Trigger and an Obstacle to Onwards and Return Migration

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [Sredanovic, D. (2021). Brexit as a trigger and an obstacle to onwards and return migration. International Migration, 59(6), 93-108], which has been published in final form at [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imig.12712]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.In this article, using in-depth interviews with EU27 citizens residing in the UK and Britons residing in Belgium, I analyse the role of the Brexit process as both a trigger of and an obstacle to onward and return migration. Brexit implicates a reduction in the freedom of movement and settlement for both groups and has been linked to the increase of xenophobia and potential economic instability in the UK. In this context, both EU27 citizens in the UK and Britons in Belgium can consider onward or return migrations. However, the Brexit process introduces also obstacles to such migrations, including the loss of EU freedom of movement for UK citizens and complications for transnational and citizenship-divergent families. I argue that the realization of migration plans is mediated both by individual resources and by imaginations on the future of the UK and the EU

The Perspectives of Implementation in Migration Policies: An Introduction

© Éditions de l’Université de BruxellesWhile most literature and public debate on migration policies focuses on law- and policy-making, this book offers a different point of view, that is, a focus on what happens when the laws and policies are implemented. We start from the understanding that lower levels of bureaucracy – those that are charged with applying the policy on an everyday basis – have specific aims, constraints, organizations, and routines that can significantly influence the outcome of a policy

Standardised integration requirements for naturalisation: less rights and less discretion? A qualitative meta-analysis of ethnographic studies of naturalisation procedures in Europe

© 2024, The AuthorSince the late 1990s and early 2000s, in what can be called an ‘integrationist wave’, standardised integration requirements for naturalisation have become increasingly common in Europe. To examine the impact of such measures, I combine original ethnographic data on institutions involved in the implementation of citizenship policies in Belgium and the UK with a qualitative meta-analysis of existing ethnographic studies of the implementation of citizenship policies. I show how, in addition to introducing new obstacles to naturalisation, standardised requirements have also reduced the discretion inscribed in earlier procedures, albeit not uniformly across different cases. The integrationist wave could thus be understood not simply as the introduction of restrictive notions of integration, but also as the systemisation of earlier evaluation practices. I further show signs of a more recent tendency for states to retreat from examining the integration of candidates to citizenship, outsourcing the evaluation directly or indirectly to private actors.Unfunde

Bonds of Transnationalism and Freedom of Mobility: Intra-European Onward Migrants Before and After Brexit

While transnationalism and mobility are sometimes used as synonyms, the two concepts have different focuses: on attachments within different countries in transnationalism and on multiple and open-ended moves in the mobility approach. In this chapter, we explore how the two concepts intersect with onward migration in the context of Brexit. The loss of rights linked to EU freedom of movement that is part of the Brexit process increases the orientations towards further migration while, at the same time, limiting the opportunities for further migration. We use in-depth interviews with EU27 citizens in the UK, UK citizens in Belgium and Bangladeshis who have naturalised in Italy before moving to the UK. We show how the completed onward migration to the UK of the Italo-Bangladeshis has weakened transnational activities in relation to Bangladesh, including periodic returns and remittances. We further show how transnational links delimit the mobility orientation of EU citizens ‘by birth’, by focusing on the plans for return migration, rather than onward migration within the EU. Given these results, we reflect on whether transnationalism and mobility theory are simply convergent or if they describe phenomena that might actually be in partial opposition

Brexit and the stratified uses of national and European Union citizenship

Sredanovic, D., & Della Puppa, F. Brexit and the stratified uses of national and European Union citizenship, Current Sociology (Journal Volume Number and Issue Number) pp. xx-xx. Copyright © [2021] (The Authors). Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.In this article the authors explore how Brexit changes the social meanings and uses of formal national and EU citizenship and how these meanings and uses are stratified, including by migratory experience, class and age. They do so through in-depth interviews with Britons in Belgium, EU27 citizens ‘by birth’ residing in the UK, and Bangladeshis who naturalised in Italy before moving to the UK. The article highlights the differences both between the three groups and within the groups, along lines of class and age, in the expectations regarding rights linked to citizenship, in the salience of different rights (e.g. freedom of movement, access to welfare, voting), and in the availability of alternative resources to contain the impact of Brexit. The authors argue that the Brexit process not only highlights the value of citizenship as well as the added value of a citizenship of an EU member state, but that it also reveals how the value of citizenships is internally stratified

The perspectives of implementation in migration policies : an introduction

Migration has become increasingly politicized across Europe. The politicization of migration has spread from the ‘old’ immigration countries of Northwestern Europe to ‘new’ migration countries in Southern Europe, and to the few countries that had thus far remained exempt – such as Sweden, where after years of a relatively bipartisan approach to migration a far-right xenophobic party has entered Parliament in 2010. Even in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe which still see low levels of immigration, migration has become highly politicized in a paradoxical reaction to the great European refugee reception crisis started in 2015

ENERGY CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS AND PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION IN HIGH-FEED MILLING OPERATION

Improving the performance, efficiency and productivity of the machining, reducing energy consumption and establishing control over the machining process are the main goals of the production technologies development. This paper provides the basis for establishing of a process management and determining of optimal conditions for performing high-feed milling, as a special machining method. An experimental study of the analysis of the influence of process parameters, namely depth of cut and feed rate, on the output parameters of high-feed milling were carried out. As output indicators of the performance of the high-feed milling, namely the energy efficiency of the machine tool and the productivity of the machining process were analysed. Based on experimental data, analysis and modelling of the material removal rate per unit of time and electrical energy consumption were carried out. A workpiece made from aluminium was machined on a three-axis machining centre. By using the boundaries of the domain of process parameters and the optimization objective function, the optimization of the values of the process parameters was carried out. As an optimal solution, the following process parameters were obtained: cutting depth ap = 2 mm and feed rate vf = 1500 mm/min

Citizen to Stay or Citizen to Go? Naturalization, Security, and Mobility of Migrants in Italy

https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2016.1208316We analyze the relation between naturalization, mobility, and security through 50 in-depth interviews with migrants of different origins living in two Italian regions. We show how migrants pursue naturalization both to protect themselves against bureaucracy and deportation and to move to a third country. The second migration is motivated by improving one's conditions, forced by the economic crisis, or completes the original migratory project once a strong passport is obtained. We argue that citizenship is not essentially linked to either stability or mobility and that mobility should be understood as neither exceptional nor always chosen

Disorder

punk / post-punk Lire l’ouvrage en ligne sur OpenEdition Books. Présentation Les années 1970 et 1980 virent l’émergence de deux mouvements consécutifs, identifiés sous leur forme consacrée « punk » et « post-punk ». Ces courants artistiques sont apparus d’abord aux États-Unis et en Europe et ont engendré rapidement des sous-cultures dans le monde entier. Cet ouvrage présente des contributions qui couvrent quatre décennies et trois continents, avec des études de cas sur des zones bien connues ..