Assimilation of Immigrants: Implications for Human Capital Accumulation of the Second Generation

Immigrants assimilate in various dimensions at different rates. Moreover, in each of these dimensions they assimilate at rates that may differ from those of their children. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the pace of assimilation of immigrants in various dimensions affects the rate of human capital accumulation of immigrant children. It is argued that rapid assimilation in certain dimensions serves to increase the rate of human capital accumulation of the second generation, while in other dimensions it may have the opposite effect.Assimilation; Immigrants; Human Capital.

Investment Opportunities in the Source Country and Temporary Migration

This paper examines how attractive investment opportunities available to temporary migrants in their country of origin a¤ect their saving behavior and the optimal duration of stay abroad. The model predicts an inverse U-shaped relationship between migration duration and the expected rate of return on repatriated savings. A higher rate provides an incentive to go back earlier and consume less abroad, while it can also trigger emigration aimed at generating the savings required for investment after return. At a more general level, the paper illustrates how the behavior of temporary migrants re?ects the interaction between their preferences and the opportunities available in the labor and capital markets of both countries.International migration, Remittances, Return migration

Foreign Aid, Infrastructure Development, and Welfare: An Intertemporal Analysis

This paper examines the welfare implications of foreign aid within the framework of a two-period, two-country model of international trade. It is up to the donor country to decide what fraction of any given aid package is to be made available for the recipient?s immediate, period-one consumption, and what part should be allocated for investment in infrastructure that expands the recipient?s production possibilities in period two. The focus of the analysis is on the conditions under which both countries agree or disagree on the manner in which the aid funds should be divided between the two options.foreign aid, trade, model, welfare

Guest Workers in the Underground Economy

Guest-worker programs have been providing rapidly growing economies with millions of temporary foreign workers over the last couple of decades. With the duration of stay strictly limited by program rules in most of the host countries and wages paid to guest workers often set at sub-market levels, many of the migrants choose to overstay and seek employment in the underground economy. This paper develops a general-equilibrium model that relates the flow of guest workers transiting to the underground economy to the rules of the program, enforcement measures of the host country and market conditions facing migrants at home and abroad

Guest Worker Programs: A Theoretical Analysis of Welfare of the Host and Source Countries

This paper examines the interaction between migration policies of the host and source countries in the context of a model of guest-worker migration. For the host, the objective is to provide low-cost labor for its employers while avoiding illegal immigration. It optimizes over these objectives by setting the time limit of a guest-worker permit. The source country seeks remittance flows and return migration by offering fiscal benefits to returnees. Within this framework, we solve for the Nash equilibrium values of the migration policy instruments and compare them, to the extent possible, with the ones that emerge in a cooperative setting.Temporary Migration, Remittances, Migration Policy

Logic of aid in an intertemporal setting

This paper studies the welfare implications of temporary foreign aid in the context of a simple two-country model of trade. In addition to its usual effects, a transfer of income in one period is assumed to influence the preferences of the recipient country in the following period. The implied changes in the terms of trade over the two periods are consistent with a number of possible outcomes with respect to the intertemporal welfare of the donor, the recipient, and the world as a whole. Particular attention is devoted to the conditions for strict Pareto improvement and the circumstances under which temporary aid transactions are likely to occur.Foreign aid; terms of trade; international transfers; intertemporal model

Victims and Promise of Remedies: International Law Fairytale Gone Bad

The aim of this Article is to examine such developments and the current availability of remedies for human rights violations in general. The Author will also examine the appropriateness of such remedies and opportunities to pursue them. The Article starts by identifying remedies in international law. This is followed by a case study and analysis of attempts by several national judiciaries to grapple with remedies prescribed by international law, against the background of international and national remedies. In the course of examining the reasons for an inadequate remedial structure, the Article will focus on several national cases. They will illustrate both objective and false dilemmas which national courts face when implementing the law of remedies for victims of international law violations

The Effect of International Court of Justice Decisions on Municipal Courts in the United States: Breard v. Greene

The relationship between international and municipal law is complex and continually developing. One way to analyze this issue is to observe the interaction between domestic courts and the International Court of Justice. These two types of courts may entertain identical claims. This article analyzes whether there is any correlation between the two types of courts, and the character of this correlation if there is one. Through an examination of Breard v. Greene, this article will examine the attitudes of United States courts toward the enforceability and the legally binding character of International Court of Justice decisions. This article will also discuss the hierarchy between the judicial decisions and the questionable power of municipal courts to examine the validity and substance of international decisions

A tangle of multiple transgressions: The western gaze and the Tobelija (Balkan sworn-virgin-cross-dressers) in the 19th and 20th centuries

This paper focuses on travelogue representations of tobelija, Balkan sworn-virgin-cross-dressers, from the second half of the nineteenth to the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The tobelija, a socially approved female-to-male cross-dresser, takes centre stage in many of these accounts, epitomising all that is exotic, strange, and primeval about the remote and mountainous regions of the Western Balkans during this period. Under the controlling and classifying gaze of the western European traveller, the tobelija materializes in verbal and visual narrative as a strong, armed, and masculinized single woman. Salient to these accounts is the travellers' mapping of Western understandings of gender onto the local peoples: by categorising them as women, the tobelija are disciplined into binary Western gender discourses