The Impact of Laparoscopic Treated Endometrioma on the Live Birth Rate in IVF/ICSI Cycles Compared with Unexplained Infertility: A Prospective Randomized Study

BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 30–70% of patients who undergo treatment for infertility are afflicted with endometriosis. AIM: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the impact of laparoscopic treated endometrioma compared to unexplained subfertility on the live birth rate in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). METHODS: This randomized prospective study included 120 women who contacted the department of IVF in the period from 2010 to 2015. Women were divided into two groups according to the findings obtained by laparoscopy. The treated endometrioma group (n = 60) with unilateral ovarian endometriomas and the non-endometriosis group (n = 60) with unexplained infertility undergoing the first cycle of IVF-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were included in the study. In all participants, ICSI was used and all had fresh embryo transfer per cycle. The primary outcome was to live birth. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that clinical pregnancy rates (p = 0.54) and live birth rate (p = 0.63) are similar. The preservation of a good ovarian response to stimulation by gonadotropins after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy was presented. Laparoscopic cystectomy is followed by good IVF/ICSI outcome into the level expected in women with unexplained subfertility. CONCLUSION: Therefore, operative treatment is justified by not altering the live birth rate. Additional study is needed to be considered cystectomy before IVF as an effective approach for managing endometriosis-associated infertility

FACT, réparation par excision de bases et fixation du facteur de transcription NF-kB sur la chromatine

FACT est une protéine clé, qui joue de multiples rôles, y compris dans la transcription et la réparation de l'ADN endommagé. Néanmoins, comment FACT participe à la réparation et à la transcription de la chromatine n'est pas élucidé. Dans ce travail nous avons tout d'abord étudié le rôle de FACT dans le processus de réparation par excision de base (BER). Nous avons utilisé des nucléosomes reconstitués avec de l'ADN à uracile incorporé au hasard. Nous avons trouvé que l'enzyme UDG est capable d'enlever les uraciles localisés du côté de la solution et pas les uraciles se trouvant en face de l'octamère d'histone. La présence simultanée de FACT et de RSC (facteur de remodelage de la chromatine, impliqué dans la réparation) permet un enlèvement efficace des uraciles localisés du côté de l'octamère d'histone par l'UDG. De plus, l'action concertée de FACT et RSC contribue à l'enlèvement de la lésion oxidative 8-oxoG, autrement inaccessible, de la matrice nucléosomale par l'enzyme OGG1. Ce résultat est obtenu grâce à une activité co-remodelatrice de la protéine FACT. Dans ce travail nous décrivons pour la première fois cette nouvelle propriété de FACT et nous montrons par une série d'expériences biochimiques que FACT est capable de stimuler l'activité de remodelage du RSC. Nos expériences montrent que la présence de FACT augmente l'efficacité de RSC à transformer l'énergie libérée par l'hydrolyse de l'ATP en travail mécanique . Les données obtenues suggèrent une nature stochastique du BER in vivo, FACT étant un facteur clé dans le processus de réparation. Nous avons également investigué l'implication de l'activité co-remodelatrice de FACT dans la fixation de NF-kB aux matrices nucléosomales. La production de nucléosomes remodelés, mais non - mobilisés (remosomes) n'est pas suffisante pour promouvoir la fixation de NF-kB. Pourtant, la mobilisation des nucléosomes par l'intermédiaire de RSC permet une interaction efficace entre NF-kB et l'ADN nucléosomal. Toutes ces données sont essentielles pour le décryptage du mécanisme moléculaire par lequel FACT agit dans le BER et dans la transcription médiée par NF-kB.FACT is a vital protein which has multiple roles including one in transcription and repair of damaged DNA. However, how FACT assists repair and transcription remains elusive. In this work, we have first studied the role of FACT in Base Excision Repair (BER). We used nucleosomes containing DNA with randomly incorporated uracil. We found that the enzyme UDG is able to remove uracils facing the solution and not the uracils facing the histone octamer. The simultaneous presence of FACT and RSC (a chromatin remodeler involved in repair) allows, however, a very efficient removal of uracil facing the histone octamer by UDG. In addition, the concerted action of FACT and RSC permits the removal of the otherwise un-accessible oxidative lesion 8-oxoG from nucleosomal templates by OGG1. This was achieved thanks to the co-remodeling activity of FACT. Here we described for the first time this novel property of FACT and we show in a series of biochemical experiments that FACT is able to boost the remodeling activity of RSC. The experiments reveal that the presence of FACT increases the efficiency of RSC to transform the energy freed by ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. The presented data suggest a stochastic nature of BER functioning in vivo, FACT being a key factor in the repair process. The implication of the co-remodeling activity of FACT in NF-kB factor binding to nucleosomal templates was also investigated. The generation of remodeled, but not mobilized nucleosomes (remosomes), was not sufficient to promote NF-kB binding. However, the RSC-induced nucleosome mobilization allows efficient NF-kB interaction with nucleosomal DNA. Our data are instrumental in deciphering the molecular mechanism of FACT implication in BER and NF-kB mediated transcription.SAVOIE-SCD - Bib.électronique (730659901) / SudocGRENOBLE1/INP-Bib.électronique (384210012) / SudocGRENOBLE2/3-Bib.électronique (384219901) / SudocSudocFranceF

TweetsCOV19 -- A Knowledge Base of Semantically Annotated Tweets about the COVID-19 Pandemic

Publicly available social media archives facilitate research in the social sciences and provide corpora for training and testing a wide range of machine learning and natural language processing methods. With respect to the recent outbreak of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), online discourse on Twitter reflects public opinion and perception related to the pandemic itself as well as mitigating measures and their societal impact. Understanding such discourse, its evolution, and interdependencies with real-world events or (mis)information can foster valuable insights. On the other hand, such corpora are crucial facilitators for computational methods addressing tasks such as sentiment analysis, event detection, or entity recognition. However, obtaining, archiving, and semantically annotating large amounts of tweets is costly. In this paper, we describe TweetsCOV19, a publicly available knowledge base of currently more than 8 million tweets, spanning October 2019 - April 2020. Metadata about the tweets as well as extracted entities, hashtags, user mentions, sentiments, and URLs are exposed using established RDF/S vocabularies, providing an unprecedented knowledge base for a range of knowledge discovery tasks. Next to a description of the dataset and its extraction and annotation process, we present an initial analysis and use cases of the corpus

On cohesive powers of linear orders

Cohesive powers of computable structures are effective analogs of ultrapowers, where cohesive sets play the role of ultrafilters. Let $\omega$, $\zeta$, and $\eta$ denote the respective order-types of the natural numbers, the integers, and the rationals when thought of as linear orders. We investigate the cohesive powers of computable linear orders, with special emphasis on computable copies of $\omega$. If $\mathcal{L}$ is a computable copy of $\omega$ that is computably isomorphic to the standard presentation of $\omega$, then every cohesive power of $\mathcal{L}$ has order-type $\omega + \zeta\eta$. However, there are computable copies of $\omega$, necessarily not computably isomorphic to the standard presentation, having cohesive powers not elementarily equivalent to $\omega + \zeta\eta$. For example, we show that there is a computable copy of $\omega$ with a cohesive power of order-type $\omega + \eta$. Our most general result is that if $X \subseteq \mathbb{N} \setminus \{0\}$ is either a $\Sigma_2$ set or a $\Pi_2$ set, thought of as a set of finite order-types, then there is a computable copy of $\omega$ with a cohesive power of order-type $\omega + \sigma(X \cup \{\omega + \zeta\eta + \omega^*\})$, where $\sigma(X \cup \{\omega + \zeta\eta + \omega^*\})$ denotes the shuffle of the order-types in $X$ and the order-type $\omega + \zeta\eta + \omega^*$. Furthermore, if $X$ is finite and non-empty, then there is a computable copy of $\omega$ with a cohesive power of order-type $\omega + \sigma(X)$

Higher concentrations of histone macroH2A in the Barr body are correlated with higher nucleosome density

AbstractHistone macroH2A, which is a subtype of histone H2A, possesses a histone H2A-like portion fused to a relatively long non-histone portion. MacroH2A has been shown to associate preferentially with the inactive X chromosome [1]. To investigate the specificity of this association, the nuclear distribution of macroH2A was compared with that of regular core histones. In normal human female fibroblasts, all anti-histone antibodies that were tested (including anti-macroH2A antibody) preferentially labeled the inactive X chromosome. Moreover, when expressed as green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions, both histone H2A and macroH2A were concentrated in the Barr body. These data clearly show the presence of a higher density of nucleosomes in the inactive X chromosome. Accordingly, the specificity of the macroH2A association with the inactive X chromosome should be reconsidered. While investigating the role of macroH2A, we found that the proximity of the non-histone region of macroH2A to a promoter could lead to a specific repression of transcription, suggesting that the incorporation of macroH2A into chromatin might help to establish the stable pattern of gene expression in differentiated cells