58 research outputs found
Toward a measure of social-ecological resilience for human communities
The purpose of this essay is to clarify the theoretical understanding of the concept of resilience in order to explore problems surrounding the empirical measurement and application of the concept, as well as to examine strategic
examples of empirical measures and policy applications in the literature of several disciplines, fields, and
professions. The examination of resilience occurs in two streams: one conceptual and one methodological. At the
conceptual level, the focus will be on definitions, distinctions between resilience and related concepts, and the theoretical frameworks that underlie usage of the concept. At the empirical level, the examination of resilience will be centered on the methodological challenges associated with research on resilience as well as previous attempts to operationalize and measure resilience. (PDF contains 4 pages
Measuring the Social-Ecological Resilience of Coastal and Small Island Communities to Inform Policy, Planning, and Practice
This study was developed in order to arrive at a set of interrelated concepts and empirical ways of measuring social-ecological resilience that are concretely applicable for policy, as well as for developing intervening programs for social change. The outcome of this research is a set of empirical indicators to measure the concept of social-ecological resilience. The measurement model is developed and applied to U.S. Caribbean and Pacific small island communities and U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal counties (n=229), but is intended to be applicable across different types of communities with minor adjustments for the specific context.
The first phase of this research resulted in a conceptual framework for the social ecological system and the property of resilience. Next, multiple methodological approaches to indicator construction were applied and directly compared. An iterative methodology was selected and applied to arrive at seven composite indicators of social-ecological resilience: Land cover and use, Waste accumulation and treatment, Housing adequacy, Economic security, Access to support services, Education, and Population diversity. Upon construction, the indicators were applied with two distinct samples of communities. Finally, the indicators were used to construct a community typology to account for the different strengths and weaknesses of small island and coastal communities as assessed by the indicators of social-ecological resilience.
Communities with high scores on social dimensions of resilience have a greater likelihood of having low scores on ecological dimensions. This finding adds evidence to the notion that social and ecological systems are oppositional, but also provides a counterpoint – there are communities that manage to score well in both areas. While societal development and ecological condition may operate with a firm tension, communities are navigating the tension and finding ways to successfully maintain characteristics of resilience. This research is a necessary first step to investigating how some communities are able to balance their social-ecological system while others are not. Ultimately, the measurement of resilience can provide communities of island and coastal states with a way of evaluating their ability to implement, adapt, and/or support policies for change
Monitoring well-being and changing environmental conditions in coastal communities: development of an assessment method
The intersection of social and environmental forces is complex in coastal communities. The well-being of a coastal community is caught up in the health of its environment, the stability of its economy, the provision of services to its residents, and a multitude of other factors. With this in mind, the project investigators sought to develop an approach that would enable researchers to measure these social and environmental interactions. The concept of well-being proved extremely useful for this purpose. Using the Gulf of Mexico as a regional case study, the research team developed a set of composite indicators to be used for monitoring well-being at the county-level. The indicators selected for the study were: Social Connectedness, Economic Security, Basic Needs, Health, Access to Social Services, Education, Safety, Governance, and Environmental Condition. For each of the 37 sample counties included in the study region, investigators collected and consolidated existing, secondary data representing multiple aspects of objective well-being. To conduct a longitudinal assessment of changing wellbeing and environmental conditions, data were collected for the period of 2000 to 2010. The team focused on the Gulf of Mexico because the development of a baseline of well-being would allow NOAA and other agencies to better understand progress made toward recovery in communities affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. However, the broader purpose of the project was to conceptualize and develop an approach that could be adapted to monitor how coastal communities are doing in relation to a variety of ecosystem disruptions and associated interventions across all coastal regions in the U.S. and its Territories. The method and models developed provide substantial insight into the structure and significance of relationships between community well-being and environmental conditions. Further, this project has laid the groundwork for future investigation, providing a clear path forward for integrated monitoring of our nation’s coasts. The research and monitoring capability described in this document will substantially help counties, local organizations, as well state and federal agencies that are striving to improve all facets of community well-being
The Vehicle, Spring 2009
Table of Contents
Idyllic Has an EndJustine Fittonpage 28
The RemedyJosh Boykinpage 29
True NatureStephen Garciapage 30
We Are All Eaters of SoulsDan Davispage 31
Scarlet on the WindJustin Sudkamppage 34
IlluminatedRashelle McNairpage 35
Lightning RodKim Hunter-Perkinspage 36
TrialDan Davispage 49
Dear GodKristi Kohlenbergpage 50
A Cheap Metaphor Is What We Have for DeathKeith Stewartpage 51
Sad MoonJennifer O\u27Neilpage 52
The Transported ManStephen Garciapage 61
Divine InsanityGrace Lawrencepage 62
Moonglow MemoriesJustin Sudkamppage 63
Poetry
The Habits of HusbandsKim Hunter-Perkinspage 4
Young AmericanMaria Rhodespage 5
Kevin Doesn\u27t Live Here AnymoreJustine Fittonpage 6
Summer VacationMary Lieskepage 8
PerfectChristie Cheatlepage 9
Hate for OneMiranda Whitepage 10
The Witch\u27s GraveDan Davispage 16
Medicine WomanLindsey Durbinpage 18
Epistle to a BombshellKim Hunter-Perkinspage 19
GuardedAaron Dillardpage 20
Lean and Hungry in YesteryearTim Ernstpage 21
Dirty TearsBrittany Morganpage 27
I Left the Radio OnSerena Heathpage 83
Untitled, for CourtneyKellen Fasnachtpage 84
Ermine DriveStephen Garciapage 85
Prose
TwigDaniel Paquinpage 11
Coyote MoonDan Davispage 22
BloodGretchen Schaiblepage 32
IntroductionSam Sottosantopage 53
The Guitar ManDan Davispage 75
Art
Picasso InspirationAlycia Rockeycover
StageSarah Fairchildpage 37
ConnectedBrittany Morganpage 65
SpringAnthony Travis Shootpage 66
BodhisattvaSarah Fairchildpage 67
What About Love?Justin Sudkamppage 68
Angry MoonJennifer O\u27Neilpage 69
HauntedKellen Fasnachtpage 70
Haiku #1Justin Sudkamppage 72
ImmobileRashelle McNairpage 73
The ChurningJosh Boykinpage 74
The Old Boat DockJosh Boykinpage 79
Saltwater RaindropsTim Ernstpage 80
Slow MotionGrace Lawrencepage 81
Solid AdviceAnthony Travis Shootpage 82
TreeAlycia Rockeypage 38
TireSarah Fairchildpage 39
What to WearKristy Pearsonpage 40
Figure 1Sean Walkerpage 41
GreenhouseAlycia Rockeypage 42
RomeAlycia Rockeypage 43
Me at the Lamp PostElizabeth Surbeckpage 44
Little Miss LizKristy Pearsonpage 45
DoudnaAlycia Rockeypage 46
FlagAlycia Rockeypage 47
Flag ProtestAlycia Rockeypage 48
Features
Note From the EditorRebecca Griffithpage 1
Fall 2008-Spring 2009 Vehicle Award Winnerspage 2
James K. Johnson Creative Writing Awardpage 86
Winning Entry (Nonfiction)Daniel Paquinpage 87
Winning Entries (Poetry)Anthony Travis Shootpage 98
Contributorspage 103https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1091/thumbnail.jp
Characterization of the Single Stranded DNA Binding Protein SsbB Encoded in the Gonoccocal Genetic Island
Background: Most strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae carry a Gonococcal Genetic Island which encodes a type IV secretion system involved in the secretion of ssDNA. We characterize the GGI-encoded ssDNA binding protein, SsbB. Close homologs of SsbB are located within a conserved genetic cluster found in genetic islands of different proteobacteria. This cluster encodes DNA-processing enzymes such as the ParA and ParB partitioning proteins, the TopB topoisomerase, and four conserved hypothetical proteins. The SsbB homologs found in these clusters form a family separated from other ssDNA binding proteins. Methodology/Principal Findings: In contrast to most other SSBs, SsbB did not complement the Escherichia coli ssb deletion mutant. Purified SsbB forms a stable tetramer. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and fluorescence titration assays, as well as atomic force microscopy demonstrate that SsbB binds ssDNA specifically with high affinity. SsbB binds single-stranded DNA with minimal binding frames for one or two SsbB tetramers of 15 and 70 nucleotides. The binding mode was independent of increasing Mg 2+ or NaCl concentrations. No role of SsbB in ssDNA secretion or DNA uptake could be identified, but SsbB strongly stimulated Topoisomerase I activity
Coastal natural and nature-based features: international guidelines for flood risk management
Natural and nature-based features (NNBF) have been used for more than 100 years as coastal protection infrastructure (e.g., beach nourishment projects). The application of NNBF has grown steadily in recent years with the goal of realizing both coastal engineering and environment and social co-benefits through projects that have the potential to adapt to the changing climate. Technical advancements in support of NNBF are increasingly the subject of peer-reviewed literature, and guidance has been published by numerous organizations to inform technical practice for specific types of nature-based solutions. The International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management was recently published to provide a comprehensive guide that draws directly on the growing body of knowledge and practitioner experience from around the world to inform the process of conceptualizing, planning, designing, engineering, and operating NNBF. These Guidelines focus on the role of nature-based solutions and natural infrastructure (beaches, dunes, wetlands and plant systems, islands, reefs) as a part of coastal and riverine flood risk management. In addition to describing each of the NNBF types, their use, design, implementation, and maintenance, the guidelines describe general principles for employing NNBF, stakeholder engagement, monitoring, costs and benefits, and adaptive management. An overall systems approach is taken to planning and implementation of NNBF. The guidelines were developed to support decision-makers, project managers, and practitioners in conceptualizing, planning, designing, engineering, implementing, and maintaining sustainable systems for nature-based flood risk management. This paper summarizes key concepts and highlights challenges and areas of future research
O gĂŞnero Strombomonas (Euglenophyceae pigmentadas) em ambientes lĂŞnticos na PlanĂcie Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
New avenues in the medical treatment of Cushing’s disease: corticotroph tumor targeted therapy
Accounting, Accountability and Society
The Centre for Social and Environmental Accounting Research (CSEAR) based in the University of St Andrews, up in Scotland (one of the oldest UK universities), is
a familiar entity to me. I was in fact Member of CSEAR until the early part of the twenty-first century when my research focus tweaked a bit. I have continued to admire many of the great things Prof. Rob Gray and many of his team members did and continue to do for CSEAR, first during his time at the University of Glasgow and when his career moved on to Saint Andrews, where he is now Emeritus Professor. It was therefore a great opportunity for me to attend the 7th Italian CSEAR Conference in Urbino, Italy, in September 2018, where I was fortunate to meet a number of great and long-standing members of the CSEAR’s family; it was an unforgettable conference for me personally. When I was asked to put this piece together for the book emanating from the
Urbino Conference, it was one of the easiest and most honourable “yes”, I have had
to say during my thirty something years in academia! It is therefore a great honour
for me to write the Foreword to this addition to the literature focusing on
Accounting, Accountability and Society. Browsing through many of the chapters
that make up the book, one cannot but be impressed by the tenacity of the arguments and the information they contain.
The United Nations has taken the issue of sustainable development seriously for
more than 30 years; see, for example, “Our Common Future”, Brundtland Report
1987 the genesis of it all. The Eight Millennium Development Goals of September
2000 on global sustainable development came to an end in September 2015. The
issues encompassed in the current UN Sustainable Development Goals 2030 have
challenged both corporate and individual citizens of the world to behave and
operate sustainably; this also requires corporate entities of the modern era to sustainably manage their dealings with all their classes of stakeholders including the
environment, that is what will survive them in both their local and global markets
and consequently survive the planet we all live in. We all owe this planet a compelling debt to ensure that things are not made unnecessarily difficult for future
generations of the occupants of planet Earth, regardless of whether they are animate
beings or inanimate objects, and many of the chapters in the book have eitherdirectly or indirectly amplified this point; needless to say, I am in total agreement
with them.
Let me conclude the piece by congratulating Profs. Mara Del BaIdo, Jesse
Dillard, Maria-Gabriella Baldarelli and Massimo Ciambotti for this valuable
addition to the literature; having browsed through it carefully, I am delighted to
recommend it as a must-have companion to today’s sustainability and sustainable
development scholars, practitioners and research students that reside in the length
and breadth of our world who work in this field. I recommend the book to you all
unreservedly
Accounting, Accountability and Society. Trends and Perspectives in Reporting,Management and Governance for Sustainability
The issues associated with ethics, governance, sustainability and corporate social
responsibility are critically important to accounting scholars as well as being
important in the world of practice. It is, therefore, hugely rewarding and encouraging
that these concerns are placed at the heart of this book and championed by
colleagues. The book reflects the central tensions that exist for many of us in the
field. On the one hand, we have faith that accounting scholarship and corporate
practice will rise to the challenge of social, environmental and ethical concerns. We
work with concepts such as accountability and stewardship to inform our emancipatory
intentions and desire. On the other hand, we harbour concerns about
greenwashing and impression management intentions of those companies we seek
to transform. Failure and redemption are the two sides of this coin. This collection
of work from influential scholars takes a fresh approach to these concerns and plays
them out in the context of integrates reporting, non-financial assurance, health and
safety decision-making and tax avoidance, among others. I hope and trust you will
find much in these pages that inform your reflections and actions
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