Deep CNN Model for Non-Screen Content and Screen Content Image Quality Assessment

In the current world, user experience in various platforms matters a lot for different organizations. But providing a better experience can be challenging if the multimedia content on online platforms is having different kinds of distortions which impact the overall experience of the user. There can be various reasons behind distortions such as compression or minimal lighting condition while taking photos. In this work, a deep CNN-based Non-Screen Content and Screen Content NR-IQA framework is proposed which solves this issue in a more effective way. The framework is known as DNSSCIQ. Two different architectures are proposed based upon the input image type whether the input is a screen content or non-screen content image. This work attempts to solve this by evaluating the quality of such image

A CLINICAL STUDY OF EVALUATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF DISTAL END FEMUR FRACTURE MANAGEMENT, BIHAR, INDIA.

BackgroundNearly six percent of all femur fractures are distal fractures. The purpose of this study was to assess how treating distal femur fractures affected functional results. Materials and Methods64 patients of both sexes who had distal femur fractures were analyzed. The study noted details including the fracture subtype, affected side, and etiology of damage. Utilizing the Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College, Gaya for Special Surgery scoring system, functional results were evaluated. ResultsOf the 64 patients, 30 were men and 34 were women. Thirty incidents of injuries were caused by traffic accidents, 17 by falls, and 19 by other reasons. 13 individuals had fractures to their right side, and 27 to their left. In 40 cases, treatment involved open reduction with locking compression plates; in the other 18 cases, closed reduction was used. The average knee score was 88.2, and the range of knee flexion was 101 degrees. In 54 cases, the functional outcomes were excellent, in 21 cases good, and in 4 cases fair. Two cases of limb length discrepancy, one case of malunion, two cases of shortening, and two cases of knee stiffness were among the complications. ConclusionBoth closed reduction and open reduction with securing compression plates were employed as therapeutic modalities for the management of distal femur fractures. The majority of cases had very good functional results. RecommendationsBased on the study's findings, it is recommended that for the management of distal femur fractures, healthcare professionals consider both closed reduction and open reduction with securing compression plates as viable treatment modalities. These approaches have shown positive functional outcomes, with the majority of cases achieving excellent results in terms of knee function and mobility

COMPARING THE RADIOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL RESULTS OF PATIENTS WHO HAD NUMEROUS CANNULATED SCREWS VERSUS DYNAMIC HIP SCREWS FOR FEMUR NECK FRACTURES.

Introduction: Intracapsular neck femur fractures have long been a significant challenge to orthopedic surgeons, and they continue to be, for the most part, an open case in terms of outcome and treatment, particularly in younger patients. An orthopedic emergency, an intracapsular fracture neck of the femur must be minimized with rigid internal fixation to enhance femoral head circulation and avoid nonunion and avascular necrosis. Compared to cannulated screw fixation, sliding hip screws are less frequently used for intracapsular neck femur fracture fixation in India. The purpose of this comparative study is to evaluate the outcomes of both fixation modalities as well as the factors influencing these fixations in the population. Materials and Methods: This study, which was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in the orthopedics department, is prospective and randomized. It involved 60 patients who were randomly assigned to two groups. Thirty patients in Group A underwent surgery using three cannulated cancellous screws, while thirty patients in Group B underwent surgery using dynamic hip screws. Results: It was discovered that DHS is not only more stable but also permits improved compression across the fracture, enabling early union and mobilization. In patients treated with DHS, non-union was not a problem; in contrast, four patients treated with CC screws developed non-union. In the study, patients managed with DHS had an average union time of 13 weeks, whereas patients managed with CC screws had an average union time of 17 weeks. Conclusion: For the management of all patients with fractured neck femur i/v/o, early mobilization, early union, and a decreased risk of non-union are advised. DHS with a derotation screw is one recommended method

Polymyxin B-Induced Kidney Injury Assessment of a Novel Formulation of Polymyxin B (VRP-034) in Rats

Despite the crucial role of Polymyxin-B in treating life-threatening gram-negative infections, its clinical utility is limited due to the risk of acute kidney injury. In response, a novel formulation of polymyxin-B is being developed to mitigate drug-induced kidney injury. In this study, we have assessed the toxicity of four variants of that novel formulation (VRP034_F21-F24) in comparison with standard polymyxin-B using kidney injury biomarkers in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were subcutaneously administered either polymyxin-B (control) or one of the four polymyxin-B formulations at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day (HED: 4 mg/kg/day) in four divided doses for two days. Serum samples were collected at baseline and at the end of day 2 for the determination of serum biomarkers. Necropsy was done on day 2 and kidney was collected for histopathological evaluation. In the control group, statistically significant increase (p < 0.0001) in all biomarkers was observed on day 2 as compared to baseline values [urea: 311%; creatinine: 700%; KIM-1: 180%; cystatin-C: 66%] and 50% of the animals died (one after the 7th dose and two after the 8th dose) before scheduled necropsy. In contrast, animals treated with novel formulations did not show a significant increase across any of the biomarkers and no mortality was observed. Histopathology of the control group kidney confirmed necrotic changes in tissues with congestion and vacuolization, whereas only minor tubular damage was noted in two formulation groups (VRP034_F21, F24) and no appreciable damage was detected in the other two groups (VRP034_F22-23). The novel formulation of polymyxin-B tested in this study significantly reduced the risk of polymyxin-induced kidney injury in rats

In Silico Discovery and Validation of Amide Based Small Molecule Targeting the Enzymatic Site of Shiga Toxin

Shiga toxin (Stx), a category B biothreat agent, is a ribosome inactivating protein and toxic to human and animals. Here, we designed and synthesized small molecules that block the active site of the Stx A subunit. On the basis of binding energy, 20 molecules were selected for synthesis and evaluation. These molecules were primarily screened using fluorescence-based thermal shift assay and in vitro in Vero cells. Among 32 molecules (including 12 reported), six molecules offered protection with IC₅₀ of 2.60–23.90 μM. 4-Nitro-<i>N</i>-[2-(2-phenylsulfanyl­ethylamino)­ethyl]­benzamide hydrochloride is the most potent inhibitor with IC₅₀ at 7.96 μM and selectivity index of 22.23 and is better than any known small molecule inhibitor of Stx. Preincubation with Stx offered full protection against Shiga toxin in mice. Surface plasmon resonance assay further confirmed that these molecules bind specifically to Stx A subunit. Further optimization is continued to identify a potential candidate which will be in vivo effective

Indian <i>Chilika</i> curd – A potential dairy product for Geographical Indication registration

707-713India has a rich heritage of traditional fermented foods, significantly known for their tremendous nutritional and therapeutic properties, and great economic potentials. Chilika curd is one of such dairy food traditionally prepared in a cup shaped bamboo basket using milk of Chilika Buffalo by ethnic community of Chilika (Odisha, India), it is known to have an exceptionally extended shelf life. In the current study, our objective was to explore this unique character of Chilika curd. We found it positively showing longer shelf life and could validate it experimentally, a total of 64 microbial isolates were isolated from curd and milk samples collected from Chilika. Phenotypically these isolates were found diverse and characterized as Lactobacillus (18), Leuconostoc (13), Lactococcus (12), Streptococcus (9) and Yeast (12) which was further confirmed by specific PCR. Surprisingly, 8 Lactobacillus isolates out of the above were found to show anti-fungal effect against the test organism Candida parapsilosis (NCDC 279), which can be correlated with preservation of curd from fungal spoilage, and enhancing its shelf life. As a conclusion to legally protect the heritage of Chilika curd it can be suggested as a potential candidate for getting it registered as Geographical Indication