Perfect fluid solutions of Brans-Dicke and f(R)cosmology

Brans-Dicke cosmology with an (inverse) power-law potential is revisited in the light of modern quintessence and inflation models. A simple ansatz relating scale factor and scalar field recovers most of the known solutions and generates new ones. A phase space interpretation of the ansatz is provided and these universes are mapped into solutions of f(R) cosmology.Comment: Appendix added for completeness, explanation added in the text, bibliography expanded, figures upgraded for better resolution. Matches version accepted in Annals of Physic

Cylindrically Symmetric Vacuum Solutions in Higher Dimensional Brans-Dicke Theory

Higher dimensional, static, cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions with and without a cosmological constant in the Brans-Dicke theory are presented. We show that, for a negative cosmological constant and for specific values of the parameters, a particular subclass of these solutions include higher dimensional topological black hole-type solutions with a flat horizon topology. We briefly extend our discussion to stationary vacuum and $\Lambda-$vacuum solutions.Comment: V3: Published Versio

Symmetry of Brans-Dicke gravity as a novel solution-generating technique

A symmetry of Brans-Dicke gravity in (electro) vacuo or in the presence of conformally invariant matter is presented and used as a solution-generating technique starting from a known solution as a seed. This novel technique is applied to generate, as examples, new spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies, a 3-parameter family of spherical time-dependent spacetimes conformal to a Campanelli-Lousto geometry, and a family of cylindrically symmetric geometries.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [BIDEB-2219]; Namik Kemal UniversityNamik Kemal University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)CGIAR [201603803]We are grateful to Nathalie Deruelle for a discussion and to a referee for useful comments. D. K. C. thanks the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for a postdoctoral fellowship through the Programme BIDEB-2219 and Namik Kemal University for support. V. F. is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. 201603803), and all authors thank Bishop's University

4-[2-(4-Meth­oxy­phen­yl)eth­yl]-3-(thio­phen-2-ylmeth­yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5(4H)-one monohydrate

In the title compound, C16H17N3O2S·H2O, the triazole ring makes a dihedral angle of 34.63 (6)° with the benzene ring. The thio­phene ring is disordered over two orientations [occupancy ratio = 0.634 (4):0.366 (4)] which make dihedral angles of 54.61 (16) and 54.57 (31)° with the triazole ring. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilize the crystal structure

Low incidence of inflammatory bowel disease adverse events in adalimumab clinical trials across nine different diseases

OBJECTIVE: Adalimumab is approved for treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Thus, we postulated that exacerbation or new-onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) would be rare events in patients treated with adalimumab for non-IBD indications. This analysis evaluated the incidence of IBD adverse events (AEs) across adalimumab trials. METHODS: IBD AE rates in 75 adalimumab clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, pediatric enthesitis-related arthritis, uveitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, adult and pediatric psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, non-psoriatic arthritis peripheral spondyloarthritis (pSpA), axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), including non-radiographic axSpA and ankylosing spondylitis, were analyzed. Search terms for IBD AEs (new onset or worsening/flare) included IBD, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative proctitis. RESULTS: This analysis included 24,114 patients, representing 36,508 patient-years (PY) of adalimumab exposure. The overall rate (95% CI) of IBD AEs in adalimumab-treated patients was 0.1 (0.1-0.2)/100 PY (41 events), ranging from no events (psoriatic arthritis, uveitis, and pediatric trials) to 0.8 (0.2-2.2)/100 PY in pSpA; the rate of IBD in axSpA was 0.6 (0.4-1.0)/100 PY. During placebo-controlled trials, the overall IBD rate was 0.1 (0.0-0.3)/100 PY for adalimumab (3 events in 6781 patients; 2752 PY of exposure) and 0.1 (0.0-0.4)/100 PY for placebo (1 event in 3493 patients; 1246 PY of exposure) groups; IBD rates in axSpA were 0.5 (0.1-1.4)/100 PY and 0.6 (0.0-3.1)/100 PY, respectively. CONCLUSION: The rates of IBD AEs in adalimumab clinical trials were generally low across the evaluated diseases, including axSpA; all events occurred in adult patients

Using scenarios to forecast outcomes of a refugee crisis

The Syrian civil war has led to millions of Syrians fleeing the country, and has resulted in a humanitarian crisis. By considering how such socio-political events may unfold, scenarios can lead to informed forecasts that can be used for decision-making. We examined the relationship between scenarios and forecasts in the context of the Syrian refugee crisis. Forty Turkish students trained to use a brainstorming technique generated scenarios that might follow within six months of the Turkish government banning Syrian refugees from entering the country. Participants generated from 3-6 scenarios. Over half were rated as ‘high’ quality in terms of completeness, relevance/pertinence, plausibility, coherence, and transparency (order effects). Scenario quality was unaffected by scenario quantity. Even though no forecasts were requested, participants’ first scenarios contained from 0-17 forecasts. Mean forecast accuracy was 45% and this was unaffected by forecast quantity. Therefore, brainstorming can offer a simple and quick way of generating scenarios and forecasts that can potentially help decision-makers tackle humanitarian crises