5 research outputs found
Agro-morphological characterization of lentil germplasm of Indian National Genebank and Development of a core set for efficient utilization in lentil improvement programs
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is one of the major cool-season pulse crops worldwide. Its increasing demand as a staple pulse has led to the unlocking of diverse germplasm collections conserved in the genebanks to develop its superior varieties. The Indian National Genebank, housed at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India, currently has 2,324 accessions comprising 1,796 indigenous and 528 exotic collections. This study was conducted to unveil the potential of lentil germplasm by assessing its agro-morphological characteristics and diversity, identifying trait-specific germplasm, and developing a core set. The complete germplasm set was characterized for two years, i.e., 2017-2018 and 2018-2019, and data were recorded on 26 agro-morphological traits. High phenotypic variability was observed for nine quantitative and 17 qualitative traits. A core set comprising 170 accessions (137 Indian and 33 exotic) was derived based on the characterization data as well as geographical origin using a heuristic method and PowerCore software. This core set was found to be sufficiently diverse and representative of the entire collection based on the comparison made using Shannon-Weaver diversity indices and χ2 test. These results were further validated by summary statistics. The core set displayed high genetic diversity as evident from a higher coefficient of variance in comparison to the entire set for individual traits and overall Shannon-Weaver diversity indices (entire: 1.054; core: 1.361). In addition, the total variation explained by the first three principal components was higher in the core set (70.69%) than in the entire collection (68.03%). Further, the conservation of pairwise correlation values among descriptors in the entire and core set reflected the maintenance of the structure of the whole set. Based on the results, this core set is believed to represent the entire collection, completely. Therefore, it constitutes a potential set of germplasm that can be used in the genetic enhancement of lentils
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Not AvailableGlobally, yellow mosaic disease (YMD) remains a major constraint of mungbean
production, and management of this deadly disease is still the biggest challenge. Thus,
finding ways to manage YMD including development of varieties possessing resistance
against mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and mungbean yellow mosaic India virus
(MYMIV) is a research priority for mungbean crop. Characterization of YMD resistance
using various advanced molecular and biochemical approaches during plant–virus
interactions has unfolded a comprehensive network of pathogen survival, disease
severity, and the response of plants to pathogen attack, including mechanisms of YMD
resistance in mungbean. The biggest challenge in YMD management is the effective
utilization of an array of information gained so far, in an integrated manner for the
development of genotypes having durable resistance against yellow mosaic virus (YMV)
infection. In this backdrop, this review summarizes the role of various begomoviruses, its
genomic components, and vector whiteflies, including cryptic species in the YMD
expression. Also, information about the genetics of YMD in both mungbean and
blackgram crops is comprehensively presented, as both the species are crossable, and
same viral strains are also found affecting these crops. Also, implications of various
management strategies including the use of resistance sources, the primary source of
inoculums and vector management, wide-hybridization, mutation breeding, markerassisted
selection (MAS), and pathogen-derived resistance (PDR) are thoroughly
discussed. Finally, the prospects of employing various powerful emerging tools like
translational genomics, and gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 are also highlighted to
complete the YMD management perspective in mungbean.Not Availabl
Gene Expression Profiling of Gastric Cancer
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most observed type of urinary incontinence and is defined as the loss of urine following a rise in abdominal pressure. The TVT (Tension-free Vaginal Tape), a mid-urethral sling (MUS), was introduced in 1996 and soon became the gold standard in the surgical treatment of SUI. Over the last decade, numerous MUS devices have been introduced but only some were able to achieve similar results in comparison to the original TVT.
The main question of this thesis is whether slings, old and new, for either male and female, can live up to the expectations of both patients and physicians by being both safe and effective in curing urinary incontinence. Secondly, the question is raised whether sling surgery is anatomically safe with regard to those nervous systems which are essential for the sexual function or may actually be responsible for iatrogenic neurological damage during placement.
In this thesis we conclude that many slings were, or still are, freely available on the market without any proper pre-market research. Moreover sling surgery can have serious negative side-effects on sexual function that should be a standard part of the informed consent provided when opting for surgery.</p