Control of Drinking Water from the Central Water Supply System of the City of Tetovo in terms of Physicо - Chemical Safety

Objectives: The objectives of this paper is an examination of the physical and chemical characteristics of drinking water from the central water supply facility in the city of Tetovo, which uses water from four Shara springs in order to evaluate its quality in accordance with the prescribed norms. Methods: hygienic safety of drinking water in the city is followed by an examination of 12 parameters of 22 samples per month, twice a week from 19 measuring stations in the city in a period of 01.01.2011-31.07.2013. From one measuring point, in average, are taken over 30 water samples. The temperature and the concentration of free chlorine measured in the field (in situ), while other parameters (color, smell, taste, turbidity, permanganate consumption, pH, electrical conductivity, ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, chlorides and iron) are monitored in laboratory testing of water and food at PHI CPH Tetovo. Meanwhile, there are used accredited, ISO standard methods, as well as spectrophotometric HACH methods which are USEPA accepted. Results: Based on the analysis performed on a total of 860 samples, only 15 were defective samples or 1.74%. An analysis of all parameters is condacted for all measurement locations where the samples were taken, and their minimum, maximum and average values are represented graphically and in tables. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the city water fully meets the norms in accordance with the legal regulations which include this city in one of the fewest that today drink pure, unprocessed, spring water.Keywords: quality, physico-chemical, water, urban water supply

Coordination of Accounting and Financial Aspects of the Capital Market in Republic of Macedonia with the Regulation System of the European Union

capital market in Republic of Macedonia with the regulation system of the European Union. Methods: For this perception are analysed regulations with which European Union regulates the capital market, which are accepted in Republic of Macedonia and are in coordination with the domestic legislative. Results: With introduction and preparation of the regulations the legal framework of Republic of Macedonia is improving and strives to coordination with the European regulation with aim achieving confidence and safety among foreign investors and development of capital market in the Republic. Conclusion: A decade ago lot of significance was given to coordination of the accounting and financial aspects of the capital market in Republic of Macedonia with the regulation market of the European Union, with accepting of the regulation and directives of the European Union and coordination with the laws with which the capital market is regulated with the European laws.Keywords: capital market, European Union regulations, directives, legislative coordination

Coordination of Accounting and Financial Aspects of the Capital Market in Republic of Macedonia with the Regulation System of the European Union

Capital market in Republic of Macedonia with the regulation system of the European Union. Methods: For this perception are analyzed regulations with which European Union regulates the capital market, which are accepted in Republic of Macedonia and are in coordination with the domestic legislative. Results: With introduction and preparation of the regulations the legal framework of Republic of Macedonia is improving and strives to coordination with the European regulation with aim achieving confidence and safety among foreign investors and development of capital market in the Republic. Conclusion: A decade ago lot of significance was given to coordination of the accounting and financial aspects of the capital market in Republic of Macedonia with the regulation market of the European Union, with accepting of the regulation and directives of the European Union and coordination with the laws with which the capital market is regulated with the European laws

Urinary Tract Infections, their Frequency and Most Common Provocative Thing in the Region of Tetovo in the Period between 2012-2013

Introduction: Urinary infections are one of the most common infections, which according to the statistics; take the second or third place in our country and in the world of population morbidity. Aim: The aim of this study was to detect the most common causes of the urinary infections among the population in our region, to follow their sensitivity on antibacterial drugs with aim to help the doctors in general practice to treat according to the given sensitivity in IN VITRO conditions. (antibiogram). Material and methods: The study made in the Centre for Public Health Tetovo in the microbiology lab in the period of 01.01.2012 to 31.12.2013. Throughout this period are sent 6861 patience on urine culture with symptoms of urinary infections. From them only 1444 have positive results and 5417 were sterile. The isolation of breeds is made by common techniques for bacteriological check. The urine sample is taken from the moderate squirt of spontaneous piss. The same is planted on bloody agar on differential base UTI with use of quantative analysis. The number of bacteria in 1 ml is determined by scheme and automatic counter of colonies (protocol device). Identification of the breeds is made by examination of biochemical reactions and characteristic of the bacteria with aim of commercial stripes. Stripes are used from the manufactures SIEMENS NUC52 (Neg Urine Combo panel Type 52) which incubate form 6-12 hours and are read in the device Micro Scan auto SCAN 4 with which at the same time is made identification and determination of the sensibility of the isolated bacteria. Results: In the period from 01.01.2012 to 31.12.2013, from 6861 patience send for urinoculture, 1444 from the resulted with positive bacterial result. The most common isolated bacteria is Escherichia coli with 66.48%, Klebsiella pneumoniae sups pneumoniae 13.71%, Proteus mirabilis with 12.4%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 3.67%, Enterococcus faecalis so 2.77%, Enterobacter cloacae with 0.69% and Citrobacter freundii with 0.28%.Keywords: Infections of the urinary system, the most common causes, sensitivity

Nutritional Status and Mark on the Diet of Children Population on School Age

Objectives: Represent and compare the nutritional status, nutrition of children population on school age, following and prevention of malnutrition, risk of fattening and overweight of school age children. The main objective of this thesis is evaluation of the nutritional status in relation to the age of children. Additional objectives are detection of the malnutrition state or fattening as a risk of appearance of chronicle diseases. Material and methods: Thesis is a result of systematic planed gathering, analysis and interpretation of the data conducted on the national program for public health in the region of the PHI Center for Public Heath-Tetovo for the period of 2012. The subject of this thesis are the children on age of 7 to 12 years, from different nationality, accidently determined from first and fifth grade in the primary schools "Bratstvo Midjeni" and "Goce Delcev", in Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia. Results: The obtained information from the evaluation of the nutritional status in correlation with the growth in the period of childhood and adolescence are declared in accordance with the analyzed parameters: mark on the relation of children age, nutritional status and mark on nutrition. Conclusion: Among the population of school children from first and fifth degree of the students from Macedonian and Albanian nationality we can conclude that half of the examined children are normally nourished, and the other part is malnourished from different degree. Among the other children is noticed fattening from different degree.Keywords: Nutritional status, risk of fattening, health enlightenment, malnutrition, normal nourishment, fattening and diet

Accounting and Financial Aspects of the Law on Investment Funds in Republic of Macedonia

Objectives: The objective of this thesis is to consider the accounting and financial aspects of the capital market in Republic of Macedonia through prism of laws with which the capital market is regulated. Methods: The main objective in Republic of Macedonia is settling the legislative on level which will provide more quality and more consistent legal frame for attracting domestic and foreign investments on the Macedonian securities market, to develop the principles of the legality, transparency, non discrimination, competition, protection of owners of the securities and investors, reinforcement of the legal stability and stability of the capital market in general. Laws will be elaborated with which the capital market is regulated in Republic of Macedonia such as Law on securities, Law on takeover joint stock companies, Law on investment funds and Law on trade companies as basic framework of the legislative. Results: Continuous improvement of the legal basis on which the capital market of Republic of Macedonia is founded. Conclusion: On the basis of the accomplished research analysis of the capital market and accounting financial aspects on capital market in Republic of Macedonia through the prism of laws it can be concluded that in Republic of Macedonia persistently is working towards improvement and development of the legal framework which affect on the capital market and coordination of the same with the European regulation.Keywords: capital market, accounting aspects, financial aspects, legal regulation, Law on securities, Law on undertaking joint stock companies, Law on investment funds and Law on trade companies

Knowledge about dietary fibre: a fibre study framework

The objective of this work was to study the degree of knowledge about dietary fibre (DF), as influenced by factors such as gender, level of education, living environment or country. For this, a descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken on a non-probabilistic sample of 6010 participants from 10 countries in different continents (Europe, Africa and America). The results showed that the participants revealed on average a positive but still low global level of knowledge, which alerts for the need to take some actions to further inform the population about DF and its role as a component of a healthy diet. The results also indicated differences between genders, levels of education, living environments and countries. The highest level of knowledge was revealed by the participants from female gender, with higher education and living in urban areas. Concerning the country, the best informed were the participants from Romania, followed by those from Portugal and Turkey while the least informed were from Egypt

Benefits of dietary fibre to human health: study from a multi-country platform

Purpose: Because dietary fibre has been recognized as a major ally to the maintenance of a healthy body as well as to help against the development of some chronic diseases, this work aimed at studying the level of knowledge of a relatively wide range of people about the health effects related to the ingestion of dietary fibre in appropriate dosages. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken on a non-probabilistic sample of 6010 participants. The data were collected from 10 countries in 3 different continents (Europe, Africa and America) and measured the level of knowledge regarding different health benefits from dietary fibre. The questionnaires were applied by direct interview after verbal informed consent. Findings: The results obtained considering the general level of knowledge revealed a considerable degree of information about the benefits of fibre (average score of 3.54±0.5, on a scale from 1 to 5). There were significant differences between genders (p<0.001), with higher average score for women, and also for level of education (p<0.001), with higher score for university level. The living environment also showed significant differences (p<0.001), with people living in urban areas showing a higher degree of knowledge. Also for countries the differences were significant (p<0.001), with the highest score obtained for Portugal (3.7), and the lowest for Croatia, Italy, Latvia, Macedonia and Romania (3.5). However, despite these differences, the results showed that for all the countries the degree of knowledge was good (above 3.5), corresponding to a minimum level of knowledge of 70%. Originality/Value: This work is considered important due to the wide coverage, including so many countries inclusive with different social and cultural settings. The study allowed concluding that, in general, the participants in the study were quite well informed about the benefits of dietary fibre for the improvement of human health, regardless of gender, level of education, living environment or country. This finding is very relevant considering the diversity of people that composed the sample and reinforces the necessity of continuing with educational policies aimed at providing the general population with the knowledge that might help them make appropriate food choices.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Attitudes towards dietary fibre on a multicultural basis: A fibre study framework

Background: Dietary fibre (DF) has been recognised as having many positive health effects. Hence, the objective of this research was to evaluate the consuming habits relating to DF on people from different countries, as well as their knowledge about the fibre rich foods and their attitudes towards food labelling. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken on a non-probabilistic sample of 6010 participants from 10 countries. Descriptive statistics and inferential tests were done using SPSS software considering a level of significance of 5%. Results: The results suggested that the ingestion of fibre rich foods like fruit, vegetables and cereals, was low and far from the recommended amounts. It was also concluded that most people did not pay the desired level of attention to food labelling and nutritional information. Furthermore, the level of knowledge about dietary fibre was generally not satisfactory. Conclusion: In view of these findings it becomes important to develop actions to better inform the population and to make them better aware of the importance of dietary fibre in their habitual diet