Global Warming: Chaotic Climate Changes with Chaotic Social Repercussions

Chaotic events and developments stemming from climate change now affect social systems and the household economy, globally. Thus, the growing deoxygenation will force people to move. See level rise will crush whole Island States in the Pacific and seize huge land portions elsewhere. Violent storms are conducive to mudslides that like extremely forceful forest fires kill numerous people. Entire cities may present a considerable health risk for ordinary citizens. The COP21 project of the UNFCCC starts its implementation of its decarbonisation goals I, II and III in 2020, but will countries like the economically successful nations on the Asian continent really comply. Or is continued economic growth still priority number One, as the enquiry into their plans indicates here

Hawking irreversibility and socio-economic derminism

Abstract. Physicist Stephen Hawking has suggested that climate changes is about to become unstoppable. One may introduce a concept of Hawking irreversibility as the point where temperature has risen so much that the global warming consequences threaten the survival of mankind. The recent news out of China that its CO2s are increasing again makes this term highly policy relevant. Moreover, the methane emissions have started to augment, which also calls up Hawking irreversibility. The drive behind these dire developments is the endless zest for affluence and wealth, fueled by ever larger energy consumption.Keywords. Decarbonisation, Hawking irreversibility, GHCs, CO2S, Methane, COP21 Treaty goals, Solar power plants.JEL. N70, O13, P28

Global Warming: CO2s, Temperature Rise and Solar Power Parks

For the COP23 reunion of states and international organisations in the fall with islands state Fiji as host holds that the focus must be upon the GOAL II in the COP21 Treaty, namely decarbonisation with 30-40 per cent of 2005 levels until 2030. A few countries now meet the GOAL I of halting the rise in CO2 emissions. And the rest should be asked and helped to do so. But the GOAL II is a very big challenge. It can only be fulfilled with massive investments in solar panel parks

Hawking Irreversibility and Socio-Economic Determinism

Physicist Stephen Hawking has suggested that climate changes is about to become unstoppable. One may introduce a concept of Hawking irreversibility as the point where temperature has risen so much that the global warming consequences threaten the survival of mankind. The recent news out of China that its CO2s are increasing again makes this term highly policy relevant. Moreover, the methane emissions have started to augment, which also calls up Hawking irreversibility. The drive behind these dire developments is the endless zest for affluence and wealth, fueled by ever larger energy consumption

Réflexions sur la parole, le sacrifice et la mort dans quatre populations de l’Afrique de l’Ouest

Le rôle du verbe est fondamental dans l’efficacité du rite sacrificiel : chaque opération est accompagnée d’une récitation, d’une prière, d’une invocation. Sans paroles le rituel n’a point d’effet ; à la limite, c’est la parole qui compte. On n’observe pas d’attitude particulière lorsque le sacrificateur procède aux libations ou à l’égorgement des victimes, il n’y a point de recueillement. En revanche, tout le monde se tait lorsque le doyen énonce l’adresse, si courte soit-elle. Il se passe là quelque chose d’important dont tous les assistants ont pleinement conscience. Sous des formes différentes mais parallèles, les mythologies des Bambara, des Malinké, des Dogon et des Peul révèlent des associations particulières entre la parole et la mort, notamment la mort sacrificielle.The effectiveness of sacrifice depends upon speech. Participants assume no special attitude during libations and immolations but fall silent when elders pray. The role of speech is fundamental to the effectiveness of sacrifices, each operation entailing a prayer, invocation or recitation. Without speech, a ceremony has no effect. What counts is, ultimately, the words. No special attitude is evinced when the sacrificer pours libations or slits the animal victim’s throat; there is no reverent pause. In contrast, everyone falls silent when the elder pronounces a speech, however short it might be. All are aware that something important is happening. In different but parallel forms, Bambara, Malinke, Dogon and Fula myths bring to light the associations made between speech and death, in particular a sacrificial death

Premier aperçu sur les cultes des Soninké émigrés au Mande

A la suite de la diaspora qui suivit la chute de l’Empire du Ghana les Soninké émigrèrent vers le sud et peuplèrent notamment les régions riveraines du Niger. Implantées très anciennement dans la région du Mandé, certaines familles soninké, relevant du clan Kagoro, y avaient transporté leurs cultes en même temps qu’ils devenaient « maîtres de la terre » dugu kolo tigi. Ces divers cultes, kɔnɔ, bɛmba, sɔda, etc. sont encore en vigueur aujourd’hui ; ce sont eux qui contribuent à affermir la cohésion sociale et la solidarité économique qui lient les membres de ces diverses familles, et à leur conserver leur spécificité, bien qu’elles aient été intégrées, sous le règne de Soundiata, aux groupes ethniques relevant de l’empire du mali. Nous apportons aujourd’hui, recueillies auprès de Wâ Kamissoko avec le concours de Youssouf Tata Cissé, les premières informations sur certains de ces cultes.Following the fall of the Empire of Ghana, the Soninke moved southwards along the Niger River. Some Soninke families belonging to the Kagoro clan who settled in the Mande area a long time ago, brought along their form of worship and became the earth custodians, dugu kolo tigi. These various cults (kɔnɔ, bɛmba, sɔda, etc.) are still alive. They have helped strengthen the social cohesion and economic solidarity that binds together family members, and preserve their identity, even though these families were, during the reign of Sundiata, incorporated in ethnic groups subject to the Empire of Mali. Information about these cults is presented that has been gathered from Wa Kamissoko with the help of Youssouf Tata Cisse