A fatty-acid-binding protein from wheat kernels

A protein of about 7 kDa (W-FABP) has been isolated from mature wheat kernels by H2O extraction and gel filtration of the extract, followed by two steps of high-performance liquid chromatography. The N-terminal amino acid sequence has been determined up to the 28th residue and found to be identical (except for positions 4 and 5) to that deduced from a barley cDNA (EMBL X15257), which had been improperly classified as a non-specific lipid transfer protein (LTP2). Similarly with LTPs, W-FABP does bind fatty acids, but in contrast, it is not significantly homologous to LTPs, it is not recognized by LTP antibodies, it has a more acidic isoelectric point (pH 9.6), and it does not show antibiotic properties

Peanut clump virus and Polymyxa graminis interactions with pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) and Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)

The susceptibility of 6 pearl millet (Ankoutess, ICMV IS 89305, ICMV IS 92222, ICMV IS 94206, Sadoré local and Zatib) and 6 sorghum (Irat 204, Mota Maradi, Nad 1, Sariaso 10, Sepon 82 and Zinder local) accessions to Peanut clump virus and its vector (Polymyxa graminis) was evaluated during the rainy season of 2002 under field conditions in Sadoré, Niger. The frequencies of infection of roots and leaves, analysed by a penicillinase-based DAS-ELISA, confirmed the differences among the pearl millet and sorghum accessions. In pearl millet, the virus was detected in roots and leaves, whereas in sorghum, infection was common in roots but rare in leaves. This was linked with the seed transmission of PCV in millet and not in sorghum. These results confirmed preliminary observations on the movement of the virus within these plant species, underlining the potential role of the viral P15 gene, a suppressor of post-transcriptional gene inactivation. Susceptibility to P. graminis f.sp. tropicalis was assessed under controlled conditions using a zoospore inoculation assay. Infection was quantified by a real-time quantitative PCR assay targeting the ribosomial DNA, and highlighting the differences between plant accessions and species. In addition to guidance on the selection of resistant cultivars, this study also sought to provide a toolbox for improving the understanding of the plant/vector/virus interaction

Inmersión en el problema del mito de Frankenstein

Mary Shelley develops her philosophical thinking in her literary creation. In Frankenstein she confronts us with our humanity through the complexity of her characters, which represent a critique of the author's patriarchal society, of the relationships between individuals, of the development of science, and even of our relationship with nature. These themes are explored in this work, showing how Mary Shelley, having grasped the tragic nature of myths, shapes around Victor Frankenstein's transgression a deep reflection on knowledge, identity and difference. Mary Shelley desarrolla su pensamiento filosófico en su creación literaria. En Frankenstein nos enfrenta con nuestra humanidad a través de la complejidad de sus personajes, los cuales representan una crítica a la sociedad patriarcal de la autora, a las relaciones entre individuos, al desarrollo de la ciencia e, incluso, a la relación que mantenemos con la naturaleza. Se exploran en este trabajo estos temas, dando cuenta de cómo Mary Shelley, habiendo captado el carácter trágico de los mitos, configura en torno a la transgresión de Víctor Frankenstein una profunda reflexión sobre el conocimiento, la identidad y la diferencia.&nbsp

Le renvoi après cassation en matière civile : talon d'Achille de la Cour de cassation ?

Master [120] en droit, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

Pecluviruses (Virgaviridae)

Peanut (groundnut, Arachis hypogaea) clump disease, characterized by severe stunting and clumping, was first described from India in 1927 and subsequently from West Africa in 1931. The causal agent in West Africa as well as in India was identified as a virus, Peanut clump virus (PCV) and Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV), respectively. Annual losses to the peanut crop due to PCV and IPCV were estimated to exceed US$38 million in the late 1990s. Pecluviruses also cause diseases on several dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous crops

Interactions between Peanut clump virus, Polymyxa graminis and cereal species unravelled through field and zoospores transmission assays

Peanut clump disease is a damaging disease on groundnut caused by two pecluviruses, Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) and Peanut clump virus (PCV). Both viruses are transmitted to major crops such as peanut, pearl millet, sorghum, sugarcane and wheat by Polymyxa graminis, a protist endoparasite of roots belonging to the Plasmodiophorida - Cercozoa. Although the various actors of the disease have been extensively studied separately, little information are available on the interactions between them. The main objective of this study was to investigate the host-vector-virus interactions in soil-borne transmitted virus pathosystems, using peanut clump disease. A real time RT-qPCR targeting the 3’UTR extremity of both RNA1 and RNA2 was developed, allowing all PCV isolates to be quantified and increasing the sensitivity of PCV detection. A strategy based on using viruliferous zoospores produced on PCV-infected sugarcane was used to demonstrate the acquisition and virus transmission process. This allowed differences to be shown in PCV transmission efficiency depending on the formae speciales of Polymyxa, and in the independence of the multiplication of PCV and Polymyxa within the host. The study was complemented by measurements of yield, PCV infection rate and seed transmission, using pearl millet and sorghum accessions grown on a naturally PCV-infected field. Finally, the study looked at the impact of the seed, soil and vegetative transmissions of PCV on its spread and the implications in term of management. This thesis unravels the interactions occurring in peanut clump disease and shows the major role played by pearl millet and sorghum in the epidemiological development of the disease. It proposes innovative ways for managing the disease.(AGRO 3) -- UCL, 201

Éloges de l'article 1209 C. jud – Le notaire-liquidateur face à la ténacité d'un indivisaire à l'issue de l'inventaire

Master [120] en droit, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

The use of ternary cements to reduce the environmental impact of concrete

In the current context of climate change, reducing the greenhouse gas emissions is one of the greatest challenges of our society. As concrete is the second most used material in the world after water, its environmental impact is significant, especially because of the production of cement. Clinker substitution is according to the International Energy Agency and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development one of the four main reductions levers for the cement industry. Unlike Carbon Capture and Storage technology, replacing clinker with by-products such as fly ash and blast-furnace slag is technically feasible and applicable today. The use of blended cements is nowadays more and more commonly widespread. Ternary cements is particularly advantageous to benefit the synergetic action of two substitutes such as fly ash and limestone filler. Cement standard EN 197-1 is evolving towards more ternary binders but their impact on concrete properties are not thoroughly investigated yet. This paper presents some effects of newly developed ternary cements on concrete. The use of composite cements is a compelling solution to reduce the environmental impact of concrete but it is necessary to always assess their suitability in concrete