Photosynthesis and Leaf Water Potential of Cotton Under Trickle and Level Basin Irrigation

The 1985 and 1986 Cotton Reports have the same publication and P-Series numbers.Deltapine 90 was grown under daily trickle, and weekly and bimonthly level-basin irrigation treatments. The cotton in each treatment received equal amounts of irrigation water over the course of the growing season. The daily irrigated plants maintained more constant leaf water potential (WP) and net photosynthesis (Pn) than the level-basin irrigated plants. The level-basin irrigated plants experienced water stress-induced reductions in WP and Pn prior to irrigation

Effect of Planting Date, Nitrogen Fertility and Postemergence Herbicides on Lesquerella Production

Lesquerella is a potential crop plant that produces seeds containing hydroxy fatty acids similar to those in castor beans. An important step in the commercialization of this plant for Arizona farms is the development of an efficient agronomic production system. Research on cultural practices for lesquerella was conducted during the 1991-92 and 1992-93 seasons. Results of planting date experiments indicate that early fall planting dates are superior to late fall or winter dates in terms of dry matter production and seed yield. Lesquerella produced a marked response to nitrogen (N) in tests comparing different N rates. In a postemergence weed control test, several herbicides gave good control of small winter weeds

Lesquerella growth and selenium uptake affected by saline irrigation water composition

Abstract A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effects of waters differing in salt composition on growth and selenium (Se) accumulation by lesquerella (Lesquerella fendleri Gray S. Wats.). Plants were established by direct seeding into sand cultures and irrigated with solutions containing either (a) Cl − as the dominant anion or (b) a mixture of salts of SO 4 2 − and Cl − . Four treatments of each salinity type were imposed. Electrical conductivities of the irrigation waters were 1.7, 4, 8, and 13 dS m − 1 . Two months after salinization, Se (l mg l − 1 , 12.7 mM) was added to all solutions as Na 2 SeO 4 . Shoot growth was significantly reduced by increasing Cl-salinity. Regardless of salinity type, concentrations of Ca 2 + , Mg 2 + , Cl − , total-S, and Se were higher in the leaves than the stems, whereas K + and Na + were higher in the stem. Leaf-Se concentrations were not significantly affected by Cl-based irrigation waters, averaging 503 mg Se kg − 1 dry wt across salinity levels, whereas leaf-Se decreased consistently and significantly from 218 to 13 mg kg − 1 as mixed salt salinity increased. The dramatic reduction in Se was attributed to SO 4 2 − :SeO 4 2 − competition during plant uptake. The strong Se-accumulating ability of lesquerella suggests that the crop should be further evaluated as a potentially valuable phytoremediator of Se-contaminated soils and waters of low to moderate salinity in areas where the dominant anion in the substrate is Cl − . Published by Elsevier Science B.V

Cycloartane- And Lanostane-Type Triterpenoids from the Resin of Parthenium argentatum AZ-2, a Byproduct of Guayule Rubber Production

A total of 12 new cycloartane- and lanostane-type triterpenoids including 16-deoxyargentatin A (1), 16-deoxyisoargentatin A (2), 7-oxoisoargentatin A (3), 24-epi-argentatin H (4), 24-O-p-anisoylargentatin C (5), 24-O-trans-cinnamoylargentatin C (6), 16-dehydroargentatin C (7), 16,17(20)-didehydroargentatin C (8), isoargentatin C (9), isoargentatin H (10), 3-epi-quisquagenin (11), and isoquisquagenin (12) together with 10 known triterpenoids (13-22) were isolated from the resin of Parthenium argentatum AZ-2 obtained as a byproduct of Bridgestone guayule rubber production. The structures of new triterpenoids 1-12 and argentatin H (13), which has previously been characterized as its diacetate (23), were elucidated by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data and chemical conversions, and the known compounds 14-22 were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported. Of these, 13, 14, and 18 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity for several cancer cell lines. © 2021 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Epidemiology of respiratory viral infections in children enrolled in a study of influenza vaccine effectiveness

Background: Influenza-like illness (ILI) confers a high annual morbidity in young children. We report the epidemiology of ILIs in children who participated in an influenza vaccine effectiveness study during the 2010 Southern Hemisphere influenza season in Sydney, Australia. Methods: Children aged 0·5-3 years were prospectively recruited from child care centres (CCCs). We classified them as fully vaccinated, partially vaccinated and unvaccinated according to their receipt of unadjuvanted vaccines containing influenza A (H1N1)pdm09. For 13 weeks commencing 30 July 2010, parents reported when their children developed an ILI (fever ≥37·8°C/feverishness plus ≥1 respiratory symptom) and collected nose and/or throat swabs for multiplex respiratory virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Health impacts were assessed by telephone interview at enrolment and two weeks after each ILI. Results: There were 124 ILIs reported in 105 of 381 enrolled children. Swabs were taken in 117 ILIs: 175 viruses were identified from 103 swabs. Adeno- and rhinoviruses were most frequently identified; 44% of swabs yielded multiple viruses. No virus was associated with more severe symptoms, although rhinovirus-related ILIs lasted longer. Nose swabs had a higher virus detection rate than throat swabs. Influenza-vaccinated children were 1·6 times (P = 0·001) more likely than unvaccinated children to have a non-influenza ILI. Conclusion: Adeno- and rhinoviruses were the most common viruses causing ILI. Swabs taken by parents are an effective method for sample collection. Influenza-like illness was more common in children vaccinated against influenza in this observational study, but prior health-seeking behaviour may have contributed to this difference