3 research outputs found
Parametric analysis of radial increment of Scots pine for environmental assessment
Tjarve D., 2013. ParastÄs priedes radiÄlÄ pieauguma parametriska analÄ«ze vides izmaiĦu
noteikŔanai.
DarbÄ analizÄta parastÄs priedes (Pinus sylvestris L.) piemÄrotÄ«ba dendroekoloÄiskam vides
kvalitÄtes novÄrtÄjumam. IzstrÄdÄta jauna metode izkrituÅ”o un papildus gadskÄrtu meklÄÅ”anai.
Noskaidrota piecu dendrohronoloÄijÄ biežÄk izmantoto modeÄu atbilstÄ«ba priedes gadskÄrtu
sÄrijÄm. SecinÄts, ka vides kvalitÄtes novÄrtÄjumam piemÄrotas ir trÄ«sdesmitgadÄ«gas un
vecÄkas gadskÄrtas. PÄrbaudÄ«tas vairÄkas datu transformÄcijas un izlÄ«dzinÄÅ”anas metodes.
Vides kvalitÄtes novÄrtÄjuma metode pÄrbaudÄ«ta 40 vietÄs visÄ Latvijas teritorijÄ, kÄ arÄ« 24
vietÄs Skrundas apkÄrtnÄ. LielÄkajÄ daÄÄ paraugu ĦemÅ”anas vietu Skrundas apkÄrtnÄ
konstatÄta bÅ«tiska un ilgstoÅ”a priežu pieauguma samazinÄÅ”anÄs, kas liecina par kÄda nozÄ«mÄ«ga
ÄrÄja faktora ietekmi. IespÄjams, tas saistÄ«ts ar bijuÅ”Äs Skrundas radiolokÄcijas stacijas
elektromagnÄtisko starojumu.
AtslÄgas vÄrdi: koku gadskÄrtas, Å”ÄÄrsdatÄÅ”ana, augÅ”anas modeÄi, Pinus sylvestris,
dendroekoloģija, metodes.Tjarve D., 2013. Parametric analysis of radial increment of Scots pine for environmental
assessment.
The suitability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) for the dendroecological assessment of
environmental quality was analysed. A new method for the detection of missing and false
tree-rings was developed. Five of the most frequently used growth models were fitted to the
individual tree-ring series. It was concluded that thirty years and older tree rings are the best
use for environmental quality assessment. Several methods of data transformation and
smoothing were tested. Method was tested in 64 sample plots selected across a territory of
Latvia, including 24 sample plots in surrounding of Skrunda town. In the most plots in
Skrunda, a significant and permanent decrease of the growth increment was found. It indicates
the presence of strong negative environmental factor. Possibly it is the impact of Skrunda
radiolocation station.
Keywords: tree-rings, crossdating, growth models, Pinus sylvestris, dendroecology, methods
Pflanzengesellschaften der GraudĆ¼nen (Koelerio-Corynephoretea) an der OstseekĆ¼ste in Lettland
The grey dunes along the present-day depositional coasts of Latvia are among the most diverse dune ecosystems in the Baltic Sea region. This paper focuses on the grey dune plant communities, their classification based on the Braun-Blanquet approach and their ecology and distribution in Latvia. A total of 3,430 phytosociological relevƩs were sampled in all coastal sections in the period from 1994 to 2008. The vegetation was classified using TWINSPAN analysis. Diagnostic species were determined for each syn taxon using statistical measures of fidelity (phi coefficient and Fishers exact test). The phytogeography of associations and variants is described on the basis of a distribution range analysis of plant species. In total, three associations of the class Koelerio-Corynephoretea occur in the grey dunes. The Corniculario aculeatae-Corynephoretum canescentis and the Caricetum arenariae belong to the alliance Corynephorion canescentis and the order Corynephoretalia canescentis. The Festucetum polesicae belongs to the alliance Koelerion glaucae in the order Sedo acris-Festucetalia. With six variants, it is the phytosociologically most diverse association of the grey dunes: typical variant, variant of Gypsophila paniculata, variant of Koeleria glauca, variant of Thymus serpyllum, variant of Epipactis atrorubens and variant of Corynephorus canescens.
Our results show phytosociological differences among five coastal sections due to geomorphology and coastal processes. The most diverse grey dune plant communities occur on the open Baltic Sea coast where all three associations are represented. The most common vegetation type on all coastal sections in Latvia is the typical variant of the Festucetum polesicae. The Epipactis atrorubens variant of this association is widely distributed, too. It has its major occurrences along the Gulf of Riga and the Irbe Strait. The Corniculario aculeatae-Corynephoretum canescentis was found in only two locations. Stands of the Festucetum polesicae var. Koeleria glauca occupy wider areas on old dunes, while the Festucetum polesicae var. Gypsophila paniculata is more typical on young dynamic dunes with intensive sand drift. The results of the phytogeographical analysis of vegetation data show that under the influence of climate, especially with dominance of the oceanic and transformed oceanic air masses, grey dune plant communities on the Latvian coast are mainly sub-oceanic to sub-continental. The most continental community is the Festucetum polesicae var. Koeleria glauca, while the Caricetum arenariae and the Corniculario aculeatae- Corynephoretum canescentis have the strongest oceanic character.Die naturrƤumliche Ausstattung Lettlands mit ihren Anlagerungen und Umlagerungen von Sand an den KĆ¼sten sowie verschiedenen Klimabedingungen und frĆ¼heren Landnutzungsformen ist ein Grund dafĆ¼r, dass die GraudĆ¼nen von Lettland zu den vielfƤltigsten DĆ¼nenƶkosystemen der OstseekĆ¼ste zƤhlen. In diesem Artikel sind die Forschungsergebnisse Ć¼ber die Pflanzengesellschaften der GraudĆ¼nen Lettlands zusammengefasst. Im Zeitraum 1994-2008 wurden in typischen GraudĆ¼nengebieten entlang der KĆ¼ste von Lettland 3.430 pflanzensoziologische Aufnahmen nach der Braun-Blanquet-Methode erstellt. Die Aufnahmen wurdem mit TWINSPAN klassifiziert. Diagnostische Arten der herausgearbeiteten Einheiten wurden anschlieĆend mittels statistischer TreuemaĆe (phi-Koeffizient, Fishers exakter Test) ermittelt. Die phytogeographische Analyse der Assoziationen und Varianten wurde auf Grundlage der Artenzusammensetzung der Vegetation vorgenommen. Insgesamt kommen drei Assoziationen aus der Klasse Koelerio-Corynephoretea in den GraudĆ¼nen vor. Das Corniculario aculeatea-Corynephoretum canescentis und das Caricetum arenariae gehƶren zum Verband Corynephorion canescentis in der Ordnung Corynephoretalia canescentis. Das Festucetum polesicae wird zum Verband Koelerion glaucae in der Ordnung Sedo acris-Festucetalia gestellt. Mit 6 Varianten (Typische Variante, Gypsophila paniculata-Var., Koeleria glauca-Var., Thymus serpyllum-Var., Epipactis atorubens-Var. und Corynephorus canescens Var.) ist die vielfƤltigste Assoziation der GraudĆ¼nen. Der Vergleich von fĆ¼nf geomorphologisch und landschaftlich unterschiedlichen KĆ¼stenabschnitten zeigt, dass die VielfƤltigkeit der GraundĆ¼nengesellschaften an der offenen OstseekĆ¼ste mit Vorkommen aller drei Assoziationen am hƶchsten ist. Die hƤufigste Pflanzengesellschaft an der ganzen OstseekĆ¼ste ist die Typische Variante des Festucetum polesicae. Weit verbreitet ist auch die Epipactis atrorubens-Variante des Festucetum polesicae, die an der OstseekĆ¼ste des Meerbusens und der Meeresenge von Irbe festgestellt wurde. Die Verbreitung des Corniculario aculeatae-Corynephoretum canescentis, das nur an zwei Orten vorkommt, ist durch einen Mangel an Stƶrungen eingeschrƤnkt. Das Festucetum polesicae in der Variante von Koelerio glauca ist in den Ƥlteren GraudĆ¼nen am hƤufigsten, wƤhrend die Variante Gypsophila paniculata vor allem in Bereichen mit stƤrkeren Sandverwehungen auftritt. Die Ergebnisse der phytogeographischen Analyse zeigen, dass die GraudĆ¼nengesellschaften in Lettland vorwiegend subozeanisch bis subkontinental, das Caricetum arenariae und das Corniculario aculeatae-Corynephoretum canescentis sind dagegen am stƤrksten ozeanisch geprƤgt
Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in roots of sand dune plants in relation to soil factors
Abstract Seacoast plant communities represent primary successions characterized by a harsh environment in which mycorrhizal symbioses are known to be important for plant survival and growth. The study was carried in two grey dune areas (Užava and PÄvilosta) on the western coast of Latvia by the Baltic Sea. We examined how root colonization and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhiza differed along a primary dune succession from an early successional primary dune to an overgrowing grey dune, in relation to soil factors. We hypothesized that plant species growing on soil with a poorly developed soil horizon and low C, P and N concentration would have a higher extent of arbuscular mycorrhiza colonization. We also tested the relationship of soil factors and fungal abundance in roots within specific plant species. In a total of 93 plots among 5 habitats, we determined soil carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations and sampled roots of dominant plants for determination of arbuscular mycorrhizal (vesicules and hyphae) frequency, abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal vesicules and hyphae, and abundance of arbuscules. The results showed that extent of mycorrhizal colonization was related to soil development, being more important in the most nutrient poor habitats, compared to grassland habitats. However, slight increases in P and N concentration were associated in increased mycorrhizal colonization in early successional stages and disturbed habitats