The Impact of Planned Purposeful Movement on Student Achievement in English Language Arts

Ongoing research has pointed to the human brain’s need for movement, yet the average student spends the majority of the school day sitting. Research links brain-based learning with improved student achievement. The intent of this study was to answer two questions: What is the impact of including planned purposeful movement in English language arts instruction on student achievement while using a district-mandated, scripted curriculum; and does planning for the inclusion of movement strategies in lesson plans impact the use of movement strategies in instruction? In this mixed methods study, qualitative data from teacher interviews were collected and merged with quantitative data from assessment scores, quarter grades, and teacher surveys to find the strength of the impact. Participants included three elementary, fourth-grade teachers at one elementary school in a large urban school district in North Carolina. This study introduced using planned purposeful movement within a district-mandated, scripted curriculum. Correlations between planned purposeful movement and student achievement in common assessments was not found (-0.075 Spearman’s rho). Correlations between planned purposeful movement and student achievement in quarter grades was found and is statistically strong (0.834 Spearman’s rho). Teacher interviews also pointed to a correlation between planned purposeful movement and student achievement. The descriptive data used to study the relationship of planning for movement and the use of movement in instruction found that teachers were likely to use movement when they planned for it

Combustion stability limits of coflowing turbulent jet diffusion flames

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76288/1/AIAA-1988-538-444.pd

Laboratory-scale method for enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass at high-solids loadings

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Screening new lignocellulosic biomass pretreatments and advanced enzyme systems at process relevant conditions is a key factor in the development of economically viable lignocellulosic ethanol. Shake flasks, the reaction vessel commonly used for screening enzymatic saccharifications of cellulosic biomass, do not provide adequate mixing at high-solids concentrations when shaking is not supplemented with hand mixing.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We identified roller bottle reactors (RBRs) as laboratory-scale reaction vessels that can provide adequate mixing for enzymatic saccharifications at high-solids biomass loadings without any additional hand mixing. Using the RBRs, we developed a method for screening both pretreated biomass and enzyme systems at process-relevant conditions. RBRs were shown to be scalable between 125 mL and 2 L. Results from enzymatic saccharifications of five biomass pretreatments of different severities and two enzyme preparations suggest that this system will work well for a variety of biomass substrates and enzyme systems. A study of intermittent mixing regimes suggests that mass transfer limitations of enzymatic saccharifications at high-solids loadings are significant but can be mitigated with a relatively low amount of mixing input.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Effective initial mixing to promote good enzyme distribution and continued, but not necessarily continuous, mixing is necessary in order to facilitate high biomass conversion rates. The simplicity and robustness of the bench-scale RBR system, combined with its ability to accommodate numerous reaction vessels, will be useful in screening new biomass pretreatments and advanced enzyme systems at high-solids loadings.</p

Structure and dynamics of colloidal depletion gels: coincidence of transitions and heterogeneity

Transitions in structural heterogeneity of colloidal depletion gels formed through short-range attractive interactions are correlated with their dynamical arrest. The system is a density and refractive index matched suspension of 0.20 volume fraction poly(methyl methacyrlate) colloids with the non-adsorbing depletant polystyrene added at a size ratio of depletant to colloid of 0.043. As the strength of the short-range attractive interaction is increased, clusters become increasingly structurally heterogeneous, as characterized by number-density fluctuations, and dynamically immobilized, as characterized by the single-particle mean-squared displacement. The number of free colloids in the suspension also progressively declines. As an immobile cluster to gel transition is traversed, structural heterogeneity abruptly decreases. Simultaneously, the mean single-particle dynamics saturates at a localization length on the order of the short-range attractive potential range. Both immobile cluster and gel regimes show dynamical heterogeneity. Non-Gaussian distributions of single particle displacements reveal enhanced populations of dynamical trajectories localized on two different length scales. Similar dependencies of number density fluctuations, free particle number and dynamical length scales on the order of the range of short-range attraction suggests a collective structural origin of dynamic heterogeneity in colloidal gels.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure

Noise measurement evaluations of various takeoff-climbout profiles of a four-engine turbojet transport airplane

Noise measurement evaluations of various takeoff-climbout profiles of four engine turbojet transport airplan

TOWARDS OBJECTIFYING INTENTION VIA ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Conventional science would deny the possibility that humans could meaningfully interact with experiments via their focussed intention, and even less so via an intermediary electronic device. Here, via two very different target experiments, that supposition has been experimentally tested and found to be fallacious. For each target experiment, one starts with two identical physical devices, isolates them from each other and "charges" one with the specific intention for the particular experiment. This charging process involved the services of four highly qualified meditators to imprint the device with the specific intention. The devices were then wrapped in aluminum foil and separately shipped, via Federal Express, approximately 2,000 miles to a laboratory where the actual target experiments were conducted by others. The specific intention for experiment 1 was to decrease (increase) the pH of water while that for experiment 2 was to reduce the development time of fruit fly larvae and increase aspects of larval energy metabolism. For experiment 1, robust pH changes in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 pH units (a factor of approximately lOin H+ concentration) relative to the control were observed. For experiment 2, statistically significant (p < 0.005) changes in larval development time and energy metabolism under a variety of environmental circumstances were found. A multidimensional theoretical model (eleven-space) was utilized to account for these results via a structural mechanism in the physical vacuum that allows subtle energies to influence physical reality

EXPLORING ROBUST INTERACTIONS BElWEEN HUMAN INTENTION AND INANIMATE/ANIMATE SYSTEMS!

Based on the presenc paradigm, the conventional viev{point is that humans cannot meaningfully interact, via their inccncion, with target experiments. Even more strongly one would state that human intention cannO[ possibly be captured in a simple electronic device and then have rhe device meaningfully interact with target experiments. Over the course of the past two years. the authors have conducted three very differcnc target experiments using Intention Imprinted Electronic Devices, (lIEDs) and found robust interaction between these simple devices and the target experiments in complete opposition to the view of the prevailing paradigm. On the experimental side, for each target experiment one starts with two identical physical devices, isolates one from the other, and "charges" one with tbe specific intention for the particular experiment. This charging process involved the services of four highly qualified meditators to imprint the device with the specific intcncion. The devices with the same imprint were then wrapped in AI-foil and stored in an electrically grounded Faraday cage until the next step in the process. Next, when needed, the AI-foil wrapped devices were separately shipped via Federal Express, to their laboratory destination about 2,000 miles away. On arriving there, they were immediately placed in separate, grounded Faraday cages until use in the actual target experiments conducted by others. For the three target experiments, the general intentions were (I) to decrease (increase) the pH of water by one pH unit, (2) to increase the ATP/ADP ratio in fruit fly larvae so as to significantly decrease the larval development time and (3) to signiHcanrly increase the thermodynamic activity of the specific liver enzyme, alkaline phosphatase (ALP). For rarget experiment (1) changes of about 0,5 to 1.0 pH units increase or decrease, with a measurement accuracy of:t: 0.01 pH units, was achieved. For target experiment (2), reductions of about 15% in larval development time for the imprinted vs. unimprinted device were observed (p < 0.001). For target experiment (3), increases in thermodynamic activity for ALP of about 10% to 20% were achieved (p < 0.001). In pure water containing small solid particles, pH oscillations of both shorr (about 1 hour) and long (about 20 hour) periods were observed. In multiple vessel studies with the TIED located only near one vessel, the following was observed: (a) a strong correlation in pH-oscillation behavior between the lIED-vessel and other simultaneously pH-monitored vessels located 115 feet to 155 feet distant, (b) a location-specific conditioning behavior associated with repeated running of the target experiment day after day, at that specific location, and (c) the presence of temperarure oscillations in-phase with the pH-oscillations in the vessels. Fourier transforms of the various realtime plots were utilized to quantifY the correlations. KEYWORDS: Imention, pH, temperature, Drosophil