Os efeitos de um programa de relaxação terapêutica na gestão do stress em enfermeiros

Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos de um programa de relaxação terapêutica na gestão do stress de um grupo de enfermeiros. Método: A amostra integrou 30 participantes (40,7 ± 7,3 anos), na sua maioria do sexo feminino. Quinze enfermeiros participaram num programa de relaxação terapêutica (grupo experimental), com frequência bissemanal durante 8 semanas. Durante o mesmo período, os restantes 15 participantes mantiveram a sua rotina habitual (grupo de controlo). Foram avaliados os fatores de stres, a síndrome de burnout, os estados de humor, as estratégias de coping e os níveis de cortisol salivar. Resultados: A comparação entre grupos revelou melhorias significativas resultantes da realização do programa de relaxação terapêutica ao nível da diminuição da exaustão emocional (p=.032), da melhoria dos estados de humor (Depressão/Melancolia, p<.01) e da diminuição dos valores de cortisol salivar (p=.049). A análise intragrupo do GE demonstrou efeitos significativos ao nível da melhoria dos estados de humor (Hostilidade/Ira, p=.05; Fadiga/Inércia, p=.05; e Depressão/Melancolia, p=.01), bem como na diminuição do recurso à estratégia “Confronto e resolução ativa dos problemas” (p=.039) e na realização pessoal (p=.01). Conclusões: O programa de relaxação terapêutica conseguiu melhorar alguns dos indicadores de stress de enfermeiros, pelo que pode ser uma boa estratégia de gestão do stress; Effects of a therapeutic relaxation program in the stress management of nurses. ABSTRACT: Objective: Investigate the effects of a therapeutic relaxation program on nurses’ stress management ability. Methods: The sample was comprised by 30 participants (40,7 ± 7,3 years), mostly female. Fifteen nurses participated in a therapeutic relaxation program (experimental group), two times a week during 8 weeks. In the same period, the remaining 15 participants maintained their usual routine (control group). Stress factors, burnout syndrome, mood states, coping strategies and salivary cortisol levels were tested. Results: The comparison between groups showed significant improvements from the implementation of the therapeutic relaxation program in terms of decreasing of emotional exhaustion (p=.032), improving mood states (Depression/Melancholy, p<.01) and decreasing the salivary cortisol levels (p=.049). The intragroup analysis of EG showed statistically significant effects on improving mood states (Hostility/Anger, p=.05; Fatigue/Passivity, p=.05; Depression/Melancholy, p=.01), as well as a decrease in the use of “Confrontation and active resolution of problems” coping strategy (p=.039) and personal fulfilment (p=.01). Conclusions: The proposed therapeutic relaxation program could improve some of the nurses’ stress management indicators, demonstrating that it can be a good stress management strategy

Effects of body-oriented interventions on preschoolers' social-emotional competence: A systematic review.

Objective: A growing body of evidence supports the effectiveness of body-oriented interventions (BOI) in educational contexts, showing positive influences on social-emotional competence. Nevertheless, there is a lack of systematization of the evidence regarding preschool years. This is a two-part systematic review. In this first part, we aim to examine the effects of BOI on preschoolers' social-emotional competence outcomes. Data Sources: Searches were conducted in Pubmed, Scopus, PsycInfo, ERIC, Web of Science, Portal Regional da BVS and CINAHL. Eligibility Criteria: English, French and Portuguese language articles published between January 2000 and October 2020, that evaluated the effects of BOI implemented in educational contexts on social-emotional competence of preschool children. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) or quasi-RCT were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two reviewers independently completed data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment. The level of scientific evidence was measured through the Best Evidence Synthesis. Results: Nineteen studies were included. There was strong evidence that BOI do not improve anger/aggression, delay of gratification and altruism. Nevertheless, there was moderate evidence that BOI effectively improve other social-emotional outcomes, such as empathy, social interaction, social independence, general internalizing behaviors, and general externalizing behaviors. The lack of scientific evidence was compromised by the methodological quality of the studies. Conclusion: BOI effectively improve specific social-emotional competences of preschool children

Which Types of Body-Oriented Interventions Promote Preschoolers’ Social-Emotional Competence? A Systematic Review

There has been a recent increase in body-oriented interventions implemented in educational contexts. Body-oriented interventions are grounded on the body–mind relationship, involving body and movement awareness and expression. In this systematic review of the literature on body-oriented interventions implemented in preschool contexts, we review the scope and quality of the quantitative evidence of each type of body-oriented intervention regarding social-emotional competence. Seven databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs. Seven core body-oriented intervention programs were found (e.g., play, relaxation, and psychomotricity). Play programs were the most studied and appear to be the most effective to improve social-emotional competence. Nevertheless, the level of scientific evidence was compromised by the lack of studies with high methodological quality

ENTRE FLORES E ESPINHOS

O estudo discorre sobre o luto e o caráter mutável da Identidade na localidade Palmeiras II, em Barras-PI. Os objetivos constituíram-se em: analisar a influência do ambiente familiar na vivência do luto e de suas fases na vida de um sujeito viúvo (a); entender o caráter mutável da Identidade após a perda da pessoa amada; investigar de que maneira a pessoa enlutada ressignifica o seu modo de viver. O artigo realizou-se mediante a uma pesquisa qualitativa e bibliográfica. A relevância do mesmo é atrelada a importância de discutir a questão do luto e da Identidade de pessoas viúvas, indagando: qual a relação do luto e do caráter mutável da Identidade na vida de sujeitos em Palmeiras II, zona rural de Barras- PI? Através da abordagem realizada, percebeu-se que o processo do luto deixa marcas na vida dos familiares, fato este percebido nos relatos dos moradores do Assentamento Palmeiras II. Palavras-chave: Barras. Palmeiras II. Luto. Identidade. Caráter mutável. &nbsp; &nbsp

Body-oriented interventions to promote preschoolers’ social–emotional competence: a quasi-experimental study

IntroductionSocial–emotional competence is foundational to children’s health and well-being. Body-oriented interventions, such as relaxation or play based interventions, have been shown to promote social–emotional competence, however more studies are needed to better understand the specific benefits of each type of body-oriented approach.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to examine the chronic and the acute effects of three body-oriented intervention programs (loose parts play, relaxation and combining loose parts play and relaxation) on preschoolers’ social–emotional competence.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was carried out, including 62 preschoolers (4.44 ± 0.93 years) that were allocated into 4 groups: Loose Parts Play program (n = 17); Relaxation program (n = 17); Combined program (n = 13); and Waitlist Control Group (no intervention; n = 15). All three intervention programs had a 12-week duration, with biweekly sessions of 30-min, implemented in the preschool outdoors. To examine the chronic effects of the intervention programs, all instruments (parents’ and preschool teacher’s questionnaires, tasks and saliva) were collected at baseline and after the 12-week period. To examine the acute effects, saliva samples were collected immediately before and after the 1st and the 24th sessions, with a total of 4 collections per child.ResultsBoth loose parts play and relaxation interventions significantly improved (p &lt; 0.05) children’s positive emotion expression. Several within-groups changes were found for the Loose parts play, Relaxation and Combined programs.ConclusionBody-oriented interventions effectively promote preschoolers’ social–emotional competence

A RELAÇÃO ENTRE TEORIA E PRÁTICA NO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE: O CASO DA ESCOLA LUIZA NUNES BEZERRA

Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa que foi realizada entre os anos de 2015 e 2017, em que se buscou investigar práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas em uma escola pública do município de Juara (MT). Essa escola é considerada bem conceituada em relação à gestão e ao Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB). Nosso objetivo neste trabalho é refletir sobre o processo de formação e profissionalização docente, com vistas a compreender a relação entre teoria e prática, no contexto desta escola. Abordamos a prática a partir das experiências vivenciadas e narradas por professores desta escola.  Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, em que utilizamos as narrativas docentes como forma de produção de dados. Foi possível identificar que há uma significativa preocupação dos docentes da escola com a formação continuada e com o desenvolvimento de projetos que envolvam todos os professores, de forma a indicar que o trabalho coletivo e a estreita relação entre a teoria e a prática têm possibilitado o desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas que podem ser consideradas bem-sucedidas e até mesmo inovadoras

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE PROGRAMAS DE COMPLIANCE NAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR

A partir da implementação do Processo de Bolonha, as universidades europeias enfrentaram uma mudança paradigmática que procurou satisfazer as exigências de uma sociedade cada vez mais informada, a evolução do conhecimento científico e tecnológico, e os desafios da empregabilidade. O próprio perfil de gestão das instituições de ensino sofreu alterações, reconhecendo a importância de implementar programas de compliance que conduzam a uma cultura de ética, transparência, equidade e responsabilização que deve ser cultivada por todos aqueles que fazem parte do sistema de ensino. Tratando-se o ensino privado de um sector extremamente competitivo e regulado, a implementação de tais programas revela-se ainda mais decisivo. É neste contexto que o presente artigo se insere, partindo da análise de um estudo de caso de uma instituição de ensino superior privada, o Instituto Superior de Administração e Línguas (ISAL). Assim, pretende-se analisar de que forma esta instituição combate práticas e condutas antiéticas no processo de ensino e na investigação científica, e como cultiva uma cultura de integridade e qualidade. Nos últimos anos, estas questões têm vindo a assumir particular relevância para as instituições de ensino superior e, como tal, carecem de profunda investigação científica

The impact of imprisonment on individuals’ mental health and society reintegration: study protocol

Background Prison sentences are a particular type of penalty that aim to reintegrate individuals into society. Nonetheless, research suggests that prison sentences have a null or a criminogenic effect on recidivism and a critical impact on inmates’ mental health, negatively interfering with their successful reintegration into society and recidivism. Prevalence rates of mental health disorders among individuals who commit crimes are high, but little is known about how incarceration perpetuates and/or worsens mental health symptoms. In the Portuguese context, no studies focused on understanding the impact of imprisonment on prisoners’ mental health. Thus, this project aims to understand incarceration’s mental health and well-being impact on male and female individuals convicted to prison, both while incarcerated and after release. Methods The study will follow a quantitative cross-sectional design of male and female individuals in prison and parole, aiming to assess different samples at different moments of the prison sentence. It will also follow a longitudinal design in a subsample of male and female individuals sentenced to prison and on parole who will be followed for one year. Discussion This study intends to have a meaningful impact on the understanding of imprisonment effects, giving important clues for developing and implementing evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies to address prisoners’ and ex-prisoners’ mental health and improve their ability to successfully reintegrate into society and reduce recidivism.This work was funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology – FCT (Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education), under the grant UIDB/05380/2020