22 research outputs found
Resultados parciales de condiciones clĂnicas en pacientes con aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA), intervenidos en un hospital de tercer nivel. BogotĂĄ
Identificar condiciones clĂnicas de los pacientes con Aneurisma de Aorta Abdominal (AAA), intervenidas en un hospital de tercer nivel.Estudio retrospectivo longitudinal, muestreo no probabilĂstico de tipo censal.La localizaciĂłn mĂĄs comĂșn de AAA fue en el segmento infrarrenal. La hipertensiĂłn arterial, EPOC y afecciones cardiacas representaron el 88% de las patologĂas asociadas y los ateromas, ACV isquĂ©mico, nefropatĂas, coagulopatia y diabetes el 12% de las patologĂas restantes, 29 pacientes (67%) presentaron masa abdominal alexamen; mortalidad global 35%.Los factores de riesgo estĂĄn relacionados a la patologĂa de AAA, los pacientes mayores de 70 años fueron el grupo con mayor riesgo en este estudio 67%, se evidenciĂł mortalidad en 15 pacientes.Existe una estrecha asociaciĂłn clĂnica entre la enfermedad coronaria y AAA, se confirmĂł la correlaciĂłn entre factores de riesgo y AAA la enfermedad ateroesclerĂłtica, edad avanzada, consumo de tabaco, sexo masculino e hipertensiĂłn arterial
Survey and Molecular Characterization of Sarcocystidae protozoa in Wild Cricetid Rodents from Central and Southern Chile
In Chile, studies of parasites from the family Sarcocystidae (Apicomplexa) have mostly been related to domestic animals. We aimed to assess the presence of Sarcocystidae taxa in cricetid rodents from Central and Southern Chile. We studied 207 rodents, encompassing six species, from 13 localities. We isolated DNA from tissue samples, amplified the Sarcocystidae 18S rRNA gene with polymerase chain reaction, and performed phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inferences. In addition, we examined blood smears and performed histological studies in organs from Sarcocystidae DNA-positive animals. Three specimens were DNA-positive and three genotypes were retrieved and named: Sarcocystis sp. P61, related to Sarcocystis strixi, was detected in two Abrothrix olivacea. Toxoplasmatinae gen. sp. P99 was retrieved from those same two specimens, and was related to Toxoplasma and other genera, although it branched independently. Besnoitia sp. R34 was detected in one Abrothrix hirta, and was clustered with congeneric species associated with rodents. No protozoa were found during microscopic studies; thus, it was not possible to confirm parasitic interactions rather than accidental encounters. However, the close relatedness of the retrieved genotypes to parasites of rodents supports the hypothesis of hostâparasite associations. All three genotypes are suggested as potential new taxa, including a putative new genus.This research was funded by the ANID Programa Becas Doctorado Nacional under grant numbers 2019â21190078, 2020â21200182, and 2022-21220118; and Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo CientĂfico y TecnolĂłgico (FONDECYT) under grant number 11170294.Peer reviewe
Decreased expression of ABAT and STC2 hallmarks ER-positive inflammatory breast cancer and endocrine therapy resistance in advanced disease
Background: Patients with Estrogen Receptor α-positive (ER+) Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) are less responsive to endocrine therapy compared with ER+ non-IBC (nIBC) patients. The study of ER+ IBC samples might reveal biomarkers for endocrine resistant breast cancer. Materials & methods: Gene expression profiles of ER+ samples from 201 patients were explored for genes that discriminated between IBC and nIBC. Classifier genes were applied onto clinically annotated expression data from 947 patients with ER+ breast cancer and validated with RT-qPCR for 231 patients treated with first-line tamoxifen. Relationships with metastasis-free survival (MFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) following adjuvant and first-line endocrine treatment, respectively, were investigated using Cox regression analysis. Results: A metagene of six genes including the genes encoding for 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (ABAT) and Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) were identified to distinguish 22 ER+ IBC from 43 ER+ nIBC patients and remained discriminatory in an independent series of 136 patients. The metagene and two genes were not prognostic in 517 (neo)adjuvant untreated lymph node-negative ER+ nIBC breast cancer patients. Only ABAT was related to outcome in 250 patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen. Three independent series of in total 411 patients with advanced disease showed increased metagene scores and decreased expression of ABAT and STC2 to be correlated with poor first-line endocrine therapy outcome. The biomarkers remained predictive for first-line tamoxifen treatment outcome in multivariate analysis including traditional factors or published signatures. In an exploratory analysis, ABAT and STC2 protein expression levels had no relation with PFS after first-line tamoxifen. Conclusions: This study utilized ER+ IBC to identify a metagene including ABAT and STC2 as predictive biomarkers for endocrine therapy resistance
CONSENSO SOBRE EL USO DE PROTEĂNA EN EL PACIENTE CRĂTICO â ACNC
El paciente crĂtico tiene una pĂ©rdida de masa muscular significativa, observando frecuentemente sarcopenia en estos pacientes. Su presencia aumenta los desenlaces adversos, estancias hospitalarias, mayor riesgo de infecciones, aumento del tiempo de asistencia ventilatoria mecĂĄnica, mayor discapacidad al alta hospitalaria, menor posibilidad del retorno normal a la vida habitual de los pacientes, incremento en gastos en salud y mayor mortalidad. Objetivo: Indicar el uso oportuno y adecuado de la proteĂna en el paciente crĂtico. MĂ©todos: la AsociaciĂłn Colombiana De NutriciĂłn ClĂnica (ACNC) y la AsociaciĂłn Colombiana de Medicina Critica y Cuidados Intensivos (AMCI) mediante metodologĂa de consenso realizaron unas recomendaciones con un grupo de expertos. Resultados: 46 recomendaciones fueron aprobadas con consenso superior al 80%. Conclusiones: La intervenciĂłn Ăłptima proteica temprana y progresiva en el paciente crĂtico, es importante para obtener los mejores desenlaces clĂnicos, disminuir complicaciones e impactar en costos de atenciĂłn hospitalaria.
CONSENSO SOBRE O USO DE PROTEĂNA EM PACIENTES CRĂTICOS â ACNC
The critical patient has a significant loss of muscle mass, frequently observing sarcopenia in these patients. Its presence increases adverse outcomes, hospital stays, increased risk of infections, increased time on mechanical ventilatory assistance, greater disability at hospital discharge, less possibility of return to normal life for patients, increased health costs, and higher mortality. Objective: Indicate the opportune and adequate use of the protein in the critically ill patient. Methods: the Colombian Association of Clinical Nutrition (ACNC) and the Colombian Association of Critical Medicine and Intensive Care (AMCI), using a consensus methodology, made recommendations with a group of experts. Results: 46 recommendations were approved with a consensus greater than 80%. Conclusions: Optimal early and progressive protein intervention in critically ill patients is important to obtain the best clinical outcomes, reduce complications, and have an impact on hospital care costs.El paciente crĂtico tiene una pĂ©rdida de masa muscular significativa, observando frecuentemente sarcopenia en estos pacientes. Su presencia aumenta los desenlaces adversos, estancias hospitalarias, mayor riesgo de infecciones, aumento del tiempo de asistencia ventilatoria mecĂĄnica, mayor discapacidad al alta hospitalaria, menor posibilidad del retorno normal a la vida habitual de los pacientes, incremento en gastos en salud y mayor mortalidad. Objetivo: Indicar el uso oportuno y adecuado de la proteĂna en el paciente crĂtico. MĂ©todos: la AsociaciĂłn Colombiana De NutriciĂłn ClĂnica (ACNC) y la AsociaciĂłn Colombiana de Medicina Critica y Cuidados Intensivos (AMCI) mediante metodologĂa de consenso realizaron unas recomendaciones con un grupo de expertos. Resultados: 46 recomendaciones fueron aprobadas con consenso superior al 80%. Conclusiones: La intervenciĂłn Ăłptima proteica temprana y progresiva en el paciente crĂtico, es importante para obtener los mejores desenlaces clĂnicos, disminuir complicaciones e impactar en costos de atenciĂłn hospitalaria. O paciente crĂtico apresenta perda importante de massa muscular, observando-se frequentemente sarcopenia nesses pacientes. Sua presença aumenta os desfechos adversos, internaçÔes hospitalares, aumento do risco de infecçÔes, aumento do tempo de assistĂȘncia ventilatĂłria mecĂąnica, maior incapacidade na alta hospitalar, menor possibilidade de retorno Ă vida normal dos pacientes, aumento dos custos de saĂșde e maior mortalidade. Objetivo: Indicar o uso oportuno e adequado da proteĂna no paciente crĂtico. MĂ©todos: a Associação Colombiana de Nutrição ClĂnica (ACNC) e a Associação Colombiana de Medicina CrĂtica e Terapia Intensiva (AMCI), utilizando uma metodologia de consenso, fizeram recomendaçÔes com um grupo de especialistas. Resultados: 46 recomendaçÔes foram aprovadas com consenso superior a 80%. ConclusĂ”es: A intervenção proteica precoce e progressiva ideal em pacientes crĂticos Ă© importante para obter os melhores resultados clĂnicos, reduzir complicaçÔes e impactar nos custos hospitalares
Executive Function in Very Preterm Children at Early School Age
We examined whether very preterm (â€30 weeks gestation) children at early school age have impairments in executive function (EF) independent of IQ and processing speed, and whether demographic and neonatal risk factors were associated with EF impairments. A consecutive sample of 50 children (27 boys and 23 girls) born very preterm (mean ageâ=â5.9 years, SDâ=â0.4, mean gestational ageâ=â28.0 weeks, SDâ=â1.4) was compared to a sample of 50 age-matched full-term controls (23 girls and 27 boys, mean ageâ=â6.0 years, SDâ=â0.6) with respect to performance on a comprehensive EF battery, assessing the domains of inhibition, working memory, switching, verbal fluency, and concept generation. The very preterm group demonstrated poor performance compared to the controls on all EF domains, even after partialing out the effects of IQ. Processing speed was marginally related to EF. Analyses with demographic and neonatal risk factors showed maternal education and gestational age to be related to EF. This study adds to the emerging body of literature showing that very preterm birth is associated with EF impairments
Characteristics of the Built Environment Associated With Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Adults in BogotĂĄ, Colombia: A Multilevel Study
Background: Even though there is increasing evidence that the built environment (BE) has an influence on leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), little is known about this relationship in developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the associations between objective built environment characteristics and LTPA. Methods: A cross-sectional multilevel study was conducted in 27 neighborhoods in which 1315 adults aged 18-65 years were surveyed. An adapted version of the IPAQ (long version) was used to assess LTPA. Objective BE characteristics were obtained using Geographic Information Systems. Associations were assessed using multilevel polytomous logistic regression. Results: Compared with inactive people, those who resided in neighborhoods with the highest tertile dedicated to parks (7.4% to 25.2%) were more likely to be regularly active (POR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.13-3.72; P = 0.021). Those who resided in neighborhoods with presence of TransMilenio stations (mass public transportation system) were more likely to be irregularly active (POR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.07-1.50, P = 0.009) as compared with inactive people. Conclusions: These findings showed that park density and availability of TransMilenio stations at neighborhood level are positively associated with LTPA. Public health efforts to address physical inactivity should consider the potential influences of urban planning and mass public transportation systems on health
LRG1 mRNA expression in breast cancer associates with PIK3CA genotype and with aromatase inhibitor therapy outcome
Background PIK3CA is the most frequent somatic mutated oncogene in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. We previously observed an association between PIK3CA genotype and aromatase inhibitors (AI) treatment outcome. This study now evaluates whether expression of mRNAs and miRs are linked to PIK3CA genotype and are independently related to AI therapy response in order to define potential expressed biomarkers for treatment outcome. Materials and methods The miR and mRNA expression levels were evaluated for their relationship with the PIK3CA genotype in two breast tumor datasets, i.e. 286 luminal cancers from the TCGA consortium and our set of 84 ER positive primary tumors of metastatic breast cancer patients who received first line AI. BRB Array tools class comparison was performed to define miRs and mRNAs whose expression associate with PIK3CA exon 9 and 20 status. Spearman correlations established miRâmRNA pairs and mRNAs with related expression. Next, a third dataset of 25 breast cancer patients receiving neoâadjuvant letrozole was evaluated, to compare expression levels of identified miRs and mRNAs in biopsies before and after treatment. Finally, to identify potential biomarkers miR and mRNA levels were related with overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) after firstâline AI therapy. Results Expression of 3 miRs (miRâ449a, miRâ205â5p, miRâ301aâ3p) and 9 mRNAs (CCNO, FAM81B, LRG1, NEK10, PLCL1, PGR, SERPINA3, SORBS2, VTCN1) was related to the PIK3CA status in both datasets. All except miRâ301aâ3p had an increased expression in tumors with PIK3CA mutations. Validation in a publicly available dataset showed that LRG1, PGR, and SERPINA3 levels were decreased after neoâadjuvant AIâtreatment. Six miRâmRNA pairs correlated significantly and stepdown analysis of all 12 factors revealed 3 mRNAs (PLCL1, LRG1, FAM81B) related to PFS. Further analyses showed LRG1 and PLCL1 expression to be unrelated with luminal subtype and to associate with OS and with PFS, the latter independent from traditional predictive factors. Conclusion We showed in two datasets of ER positive and luminal breast tumors that the expression of 3 miRs and 9 mRNAs associate with the PIK3CA status. Expression of LRG1 is independent of luminal (A or B) subtype, decreased after neoâadjuvant AIâtreatment, and is proposed as potential biomarker for AI therapy outcome