Identités et chocs des représentations dans les cinémas africains de l’exil

Une certaine doxa, remontant bien avant Samuel Huntington et sa théorie du « choc des civilisations », voudrait placer la rencontre des cultures sous l’égide d’une confrontation. Lévi-Strauss lui-même défend une « supériorité » de la civilisation occidentale. Or, l’expérience de l’exil et de la migration entraîne nécessairement une forme de transfert : les artistes en exil (qu’il soit ou non politique) sont conduits à interroger leur propre identité, voire à s’affirmer comme reflets d’une com..

Satisfaction Determinants of Women during Childbirth in Health Facilities in Senegal: Literature Review

This article presents the results of the literature review performed on the main  conceptual models used in the measurement of the satisfaction of women during  childbirth in health facilities and the main determinants of their satisfaction. The review  focused on PubMed, Google scholar and Public Health data. Several conceptual models for measuring satisfaction were found through the literature. It is clear from this review that a multitude of determinants are associated with women's satisfaction such as  health care provider‘s attitude, the environment as well as the socio-demographic,  economic and even psychological characteristics of the patient herself. These results were used to develop a conceptual framework for measuring the satisfaction of women who gave birth in Senegal health facilities.Keywords: satisfaction, childbirth, satisfaction levels, satisfaction determinant

Comparison of Malaria Simulations Driven by Meteorological Observations and Reanalysis Products in Senegal

The analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of climate parameters is crucial to study the impact of climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases such as malaria. The use of malaria models is an alternative way of producing potential malaria historical data for Senegal due to the lack of reliable observations for malaria outbreaks over a long time period. Consequently, here we use the Liverpool Malaria Model (LMM), driven by different climatic datasets, in order to study and validate simulated malaria parameters over Senegal. The findings confirm that the risk of malaria transmission is mainly linked to climate variables such as rainfall and temperature as well as specific landscape characteristics. For the whole of Senegal, a lag of two months is generally observed between the peak of rainfall in August and the maximum number of reported malaria cases in October. The malaria transmission season usually takes place from September to November, corresponding to the second peak of temperature occurring in October. Observed malaria data from the Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP, National Malaria control Programme in Senegal) and outputs from the meteorological data used in this study were compared. The malaria model outputs present some consistencies with observed malaria dynamics over Senegal, and further allow the exploration of simulations performed with reanalysis data sets over a longer time period. The simulated malaria risk significantly decreased during the 1970s and 1980s over Senegal. This result is consistent with the observed decrease of malaria vectors and malaria cases reported by field entomologists and clinicians in the literature. The main differences between model outputs and observations regard amplitude, but can be related not only to reanalysis deficiencies but also to other environmental and socio-economic factors that are not included in this mechanistic malaria model framework. The present study can be considered as a validation of the reliability of reanalysis to be used as inputs for the calculation of malaria parameters in the Sahel using dynamical malaria models

Voyages et exils au cinéma

Voyages et exils au cinéma, rencontres de l'altérité s’intéresse aux phénomènes d’hybridation entre cultures tels qu’ils se traduisent à l’écran, sans restriction géographique (cinémas américain, italien, africain, libanais, indien, taïwanais, japonais etc.). Si le voyage et l’exil des cinéastes sont sources de transferts culturels et esthétiques, le thème du voyage et de l’exil représenté au cinéma questionne la notion d’altérité en proposant une vision diversifiée de la rencontre entre autochtones et nouveaux arrivants. Dans un monde globalisé, mais qui continue de s’interroger à la fois sur la mixité culturelle et le sens de la nation, le cinéma reflète ainsi les cultures plurielles dans leur richesse et leur vivacité, mais aussi les replis communautaires, les phénomènes d’imprégnation et bien entendu de domination culturelle. La caméra se désigne alors comme acteur, témoin et exégète de ces processus qui, s’ils ont une longue histoire et se développent tout au long du xxe siècle, culminent dans notre temps présent.Travels and exiles in the movies, meeting alterityconcerns cultural hybridization, as translated through the screen, with no geographical restriction (American, Italian, African, Lebanese, Taiwanese, Japanese movies and so on). Beyond directors’ travels and exiles, as sources of cultural and esthetical transfers, travel and exile as a movies’ topic questions alterity and offers a diversified view on cultural encounters