3,703 research outputs found
Ultrarelativistic electron states in a general background electromagnetic field
The feasibility of obtaining exact analytical results in the realm of QED in
the presence of a background electromagnetic field is almost exclusively
limited to a few tractable cases, where the Dirac equation in the corresponding
background field can be solved analytically. This circumstance has restricted,
in particular, the theoretical analysis of QED processes in intense laser
fields to within the plane-wave approximation even at those high intensities,
achievable experimentally only by tightly focusing the laser energy in space.
Here, within the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) or eikonal approximation, we
construct analytically single-particle electron states in the presence of a
background electromagnetic field of general space-time structure in the
realistic assumption that the initial energy of the electron is the largest
dynamical energy scale in the problem. The relatively compact expression of
these states opens, in particular, the possibility of investigating
analytically strong-field QED processes in the presence of spatially focused
laser beams, which is of particular relevance in view of the upcoming
experimental campaigns in this field.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Nonlinear Breit-Wheeler pair production in a tightly focused laser beam
The only available analytical framework for investigating QED processes in a
strong laser field systematically relies on approximating the latter as a plane
wave. However, realistic high-intensity laser beams feature much more complex
space-time structures than plane waves. Here, we show the feasibility of an
analytical framework for investigating strong-field QED processes in laser
beams of arbitrary space-time structure by determining the energy spectrum of
positrons produced via nonlinear Breit-Wheeler pair production as a function of
the background field in the realistic assumption that the energy of the
incoming photon is the largest dynamical energy in the problem. A numerical
evaluation of the angular resolved positron spectrum shows significant
quantitative differences with respect to the analogous result in a plane wave,
such that the present results will be also important for the design of upcoming
strong laser facilities aiming at measuring this process.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figur
First-order strong-field QED processes in a tightly focused laser beam
In [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{117}, 213201 (2016)] we have determined the
angular resolved and the total energy spectrum of a positron produced via
nonlinear Breit-Wheeler pair production by a high-energy photon
counterpropagating with respect to a tightly focused laser beam. Here, we first
generalize the results in [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{117}, 213201 (2016)] by
including the possibility that the incoming photon is not exactly
counterpropagating with respect to the laser field. As main focus of the
present paper, we determine the photon angular resolved and total energy
spectrum for the related process of nonlinear Compton scattering by an electron
impinging into a tightly-focused laser beam. Analytical integral expressions
are obtained under the realistic assumption that the energy of the incoming
electron is the largest dynamical energy of the problem and that the electron
is initially almost counterpropagating with respect to the laser field. The
crossing symmetry relation between the two processes in a tightly focused laser
beam is also elucidated.Comment: 24 pages, no figure
Pettis integrability of fuzzy mappings with values in arbitrary Banach spaces
In this paper we study the Pettis integral of fuzzy mappings in arbitrary
Banach spaces. We present some properties of the Pettis integral of fuzzy
mappings and we give conditions under which a scalarly integrable fuzzy mapping
is Pettis integrable
Quantum Limitation to the Coherent Emission of Accelerated Charges
Accelerated charges emit electromagnetic radiation. According to classical
electrodynamics if the charges move along sufficiently close trajectories they
emit coherently, i.e., their emitted energy scales quadratically with their
number rather than linearly. By investigating the emission by a two-electron
wave packet in the presence of an electromagnetic plane wave within
strong-field QED, we show that quantum effects deteriorate the coherence
predicted by classical electrodynamics even if the typical quantum nonlinearity
parameter of the system is much smaller than unity. We explain this result by
observing that coherence effects are also controlled by a new quantum parameter
which relates the recoil undergone by the electron with the width of its wave
packet in momentum space.Comment: 6 + 3 SM pages, 3 figure
Nonlinear Compton scattering in ultra-short laser pulses
A detailed analysis of the photon emission spectra of an electron scattered
by a laser pulse containing only very few cycles of the carrying
electromagnetic field is presented. The analysis is performed in the framework
of strong-field quantum electrodynamics, with the laser field taken into
account exactly in the calculations. We consider different emission regimes
depending on the laser intensity, placing special emphasis on the regime of
one-cycle beams and of high laser intensities, where the emission spectra
depend nonperturbatively on the laser intensity. In this regime we in
particular present an accurate stationary phase analysis of the integrals that
are shown to determine the computed emission spectra. The emission spectra show
significant differences with respect to those in a long pulsed or monochromatic
laser field: the emission lines obtained here are much broader and, more
important, no dressing of the electron mass is observed.Comment: 31 pages, 15 figure
Electron-beam dynamics in a strong laser field including quantum radiation reaction
The evolution of an electron beam colliding head-on with a strong plane-wave
field is investigated in the framework of strong-field QED including
radiation-reaction effects due to photon emission. Employing a kinetic approach
to describe the electron and the photon distribution it is shown that at a
given total laser fluence the final electron distribution depends on the shape
of the laser envelope and on the pulse duration, in contrast to the classical
predictions of radiation reaction based on the Landau-Lifshitz equation.
Finally, it is investigated how the pair-creation process leads to a nonlinear
coupled evolution of the electrons in the beam, of the produced charged
particles, and of the emitted photons.Comment: 25 pages, 11 figure
Production of light particles by very strong and slowly varying magnetic fields
The possibility that around some astrophysical objects there are non-static
magnetic fields of enormous intensity suggests that in these situations real
particles may be produced. The slowness of the variation is compensated by the
huge intensity. The main issue is the production of e+,e- pairs annihilating
into photons and the direct production of photons, as one of the concurrent
process in the GRB (gamma ray bursts). Then some simple effects due to the
presence of the intense gravity are studied and finally a look is given to the
production of other kinds of particles.Comment: 3 pages ISMD (2006) Conference - Paraty, R.J. Brazi
Quantum electron self-interaction in a strong laser field
The quantum state of an electron in a strong laser field is altered if the
interaction of the electron with its own electromagnetic field is taken into
account. Starting from the Schwinger-Dirac equation, we determine the states of
an electron in a plane-wave field with inclusion, at leading order, of its
electromagnetic self-interaction. On the one hand, the electron states show a
pure "quantum" contribution to the electron quasi-momentum, conceptually
different from the conventional "classical" one arising from the quiver motion
of the electron. On the other hand, the electron self-interaction induces a
distinct dynamics of the electron spin, whose effects are shown to be
measurable in principle with available technology.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Stochasticity effects in quantum radiation reaction
When an ultrarelativistic electron beam collides with a sufficiently intense
laser pulse, radiation-reaction effects can strongly alter the beam dynamics.
In the realm of classical electrodynamics, radiation reaction has a beneficial
effect on the electron beam as it tends to reduce its energy spread. Here, we
show that when quantum effects become important, radiation reaction induces the
opposite effect, i.e., the electron beam spreads out after interacting with the
laser pulse. We identify the physical origin of this opposite tendency in the
intrinsic stochasticity of photon emission, which becomes substantial in the
full quantum regime. Our numerical simulations indicated that the predicted
effects of the stochasticity can be measured already with presently available
lasers and electron accelerators.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
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