Energy Efficient Handling of Big Data

The big data is collection of data sets which is complex and large information it is difficult to process using traditional data processing technique. There are some challenges occurs when storage data,capture,sharing.the big data is collection of large information and it is applied to the data sets whose size beyond capability of commonly used software tools like manage,capture and storage.the efficient use of energy is more important because of energy consumption is more in traditional system. To avoid the waste of energy and time the proposed system is better choice for efficient use of energy.In this system the big data monitored by server section through the zigbee transceiver. There are some techniques for energy efficient of data reduction which is reducing data process,transmit and energy efficient routing,duty cycle.when sensor values go above the threshold value then energy will be saved. In this paper, we propose a technique to efficient use of energy for handling the large amount of information called as big data

Embedded Based Energy Efficient Handling of Big Data Using Wireless Sensor Network

The wireless sensor networks have each individual node of a network may store and deliver a massive amount of information at once or over time. In the future, massively connected, highly dynamic wireless sensor networks have such vehicle-2-vehicle communication scenarios may hold even greater information potential. This is mostly because of the increase in node complexity and data volumes will be a problem for traditional data aggregation strategies traffic-wise as well as energy efficiency. The existing system is continuously monitors the nodes status and gives information to the user. It does not have any monitoring or data storage system to save the information. This leads to the continuous energy consumption and data is not saved at the monitoring unit. This causes high power consumption and needs manual control over the system in industrial and army applications this leads to continuous waste of time and energy. To avoid this waste of time and energy consumption then we proposed the following system. In the proposed system, the big data is monitored by the server section by using ZIGBEE. The nodes communicate their sensor data to the server section through ZIGBEE which is a high power, effective communication system. This helps the server to receive data and handle large amount of data from different nodes. The collected big data is posted in web by using GPRS section and the big data handled and posted to the server

Intelligent Energy Saving Using Wireless Sensor Network

This paper intended to provide Intelligent Energy Saving System which can be used for reducing energy consumption and it is used in places like where lighting is important. The libraries will be well illuminated with many lamps and it is also used in industry for temp control and also for humidity control .The LDR senor is used in dark or light sensor circuits.. The LDR sensor have very high resistance but when it is illuminated with light the resistance drops and microcontroller switch on the bulb in node section the command send by server section.The temperature sensor have temperature in calculate degree celcius, if normal temperature goes above threshold value then fault occur which is given to microcontroller and microcontroller send command to switch on fan and cool down the system. The existing system have lots of energy consumption because of manual control over the system and data does not store. the waste of time and energy in existing system then we use proposed system for monitoring sensor data which is transfer by node section. The sensor data transfer to server through zigbee and the collected data posted in web server using GPRS

Understanding the Cytomegalovirus Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Ortholog pUL97 as a Multifaceted Regulator and an Antiviral Drug Target

Herpesviral protein kinases, such as the therapy-relevant pUL97 of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), are important for viral replication efficiency as well as pathogenesis, and represent key antiviral drug targets. HCMV pUL97 is a viral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) ortholog, as it shares functional and structural properties with human CDKs. Recently, the formation of vCDK/pUL97–cyclin complexes and the phosphorylation of a variety of viral and cellular substrate proteins has been demonstrated. Genetic mapping and structural modeling approaches helped to define two pUL97 interfaces, IF1 and IF2, responsible for cyclin binding. In particular, the regulatory importance of interactions between vCDK/pUL97 and host cyclins as well as CDKs has been highlighted, both as determinants of virus replication and as a novel drug-targeting option. This aspect was substantiated by the finding that virus replication was impaired upon cyclin type H knock-down, and that such host-directed interference also affected viruses resistant to existing therapies. Beyond the formation of binary interactive complexes, a ternary pUL97–cyclin H–CDK7 complex has also been described, and in light of this, an experimental trans-stimulation of CDK7 activity by pUL97 appeared crucial for virus–host coregulation. In accordance with this understanding, several novel antiviral targeting options have emerged. These include kinase inhibitors directed to pUL97, to host CDKs, and to the pUL97–cyclin H interactive complexes. Importantly, a statistically significant drug synergy has recently been reported for antiviral treatment schemes using combinations of pharmacologically relevant CDK7 and vCDK/pUL97 inhibitors, including maribavir. Combined, such findings provide increased options for anti-HCMV control. This review focuses on regulatory interactions of vCDK/pUL97 with the host cyclin–CDK apparatus, and it addresses the functional relevance of these key effector complexes for viral replication and pathogenesis. On this basis, novel strategies of antiviral drug targeting are defined.This research was funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Research Training Group–401821119/GRK2504/A1-M.M. and GRK2504.2/A1-E.S./M.M.; grant MA1289/17-1), the Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research of the Medical Center/Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (IZKF project A88-M.M./H.S.), Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung (grant M.M./H.S. AZ2022.073.1), Bayerische Forschungsstiftung (grant DeeP-CMV/AP-5/M.M.), Volkswagen-Stiftung (grant M.M./S.B.T. AZ-9B783), the Matching Funds Program of Forschungsstiftung Medizin, UKER Medical Center Erlangen & Manfred Roth-Stiftung Fürth (grant M.S./M.M.), and DAAD-Go8 (grants M.M./W.D.R. 2015–16, 2017–18, 2020–21).Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftInterdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research of the Medical Center/Universitätsklinikum ErlangenWilhelm Sander-StiftungBayerische ForschungsstiftungVolkswagen-StiftungMatching Funds Program of Forschungsstiftung Medizin, UKER Medical Center Erlangen & Manfred Roth-Stiftung Fürt

Generation, annotation, and analysis of ESTs from midgut tissue of adult female Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Malaria is a tropical disease caused by protozoan parasite, <it>Plasmodium</it>, which is transmitted to humans by various species of female anopheline mosquitoes. <it>Anopheles stephensi </it>is one such major malaria vector in urban parts of the Indian subcontinent. Unlike <it>Anopheles gambiae</it>, an African malaria vector, transcriptome of <it>A. stephensi </it>midgut tissue is less explored. We have therefore carried out generation, annotation, and analysis of expressed sequence tags from sugar-fed and <it>Plasmodium yoelii </it>infected blood-fed (post 24 h) adult female <it>A. stephensi </it>midgut tissue.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We obtained 7061 and 8306 ESTs from the sugar-fed and <it>P. yoelii </it>infected mosquito midgut tissue libraries, respectively. ESTs from the combined dataset formed 1319 contigs and 2627 singlets, totaling to 3946 unique transcripts. Putative functions were assigned to 1615 (40.9%) transcripts using BLASTX against UniProtKB database. Amongst unannotated transcripts, we identified 1513 putative novel transcripts and 818 potential untranslated regions (UTRs). Statistical comparison of annotated and unannotated ESTs from the two libraries identified 119 differentially regulated genes. Out of 3946 unique transcripts, only 1387 transcripts were mapped on the <it>A. gambiae </it>genome. These also included 189 novel transcripts, which were mapped to the unannotated regions of the genome. The EST data is available as ESTDB at <url>http://mycompdb.bioinfo-portal.cdac.in/cgi-bin/est/index.cgi</url>.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>3946 unique transcripts were successfully identified from the adult female <it>A. stephensi </it>midgut tissue. These data can be used for microarray development for better understanding of vector-parasite relationship and to study differences or similarities with other malaria vectors. Mapping of putative novel transcripts from <it>A. stephensi </it>on the <it>A. gambiae </it>genome proved fruitful in identification and annotation of several genes. Failure of some novel transcripts to map on the <it>A. gambiae </it>genome indicates existence of substantial genomic dissimilarities between these two potent malaria vectors.</p

Experiments performed with bubbly flow in vertical pipes at different flow conditions covering the transition region: Simulation by coupling Eulerian, Lagrangian and 3D random walks models

[EN] Two phase flow experiments with different superficial velocities of gas and water were performed in a vertical upward isothermal cocurrent air-water flow column with conditions ranging from bubbly flow, with very low void fraction, to transition flow with some cap and slug bubbles and void fractions around 25%. The superficial velocities of the liquid and the gas phases were varied from 0.5 to 3 m/s and from 0 to 0.6 m/s, respectively. Also to check the effect of changing the surface tension on the previous experiments small amounts of 1-butanol were added to the water. These amounts range from 9 to 75 ppm and change the surface tension. This study is interesting because in real cases the surface tension of the water diminishes with temperature, and with this kind of experiments we can study indirectly the effect of changing the temperature on the void fraction distribution. The following axial and radial distributions were measured in all these experiments: void fraction, interfacial area concentration, interfacial velocity, Sauter mean diameter and turbulence intensity. The range of values of the gas superficial velocities in these experiments covered the range from bubbly flow to the transition to cap/slug flow. Also with transition flow conditions we distinguish two groups of bubbles in the experiments, the small spherical bubbles and the cap/slug bubbles. Special interest was devoted to the transition region from bubbly to cap/slug flow; the goal was to understand the physical phenomena that take place during this transition A set of numerical simulations of some of these experiments for bubbly flow conditions has been performed by coupling a Lagrangian code, that tracks the three dimensional motion of the individual bubbles in cylindrical coordinates inside the field of the carrier liquid, to an Eulerian model that computes the magnitudes of continuous phase and to a 3D random walk model that takes on account the fluctuation in the velocity field of the carrier fluid that are seen by the bubbles due to turbulence fluctuations. Also we have included in the model the deformation that suffers the bubble when it touches the wall and it is compressed by the forces that pushes it toward the wall, provoking that the bubble rebound like a ball.The authors of this paper are indebted to the National Plan of I+D by the support of the coordinated projects REMOD-ERN ENE2010-21368-C02-01/CON and ENE2010-21368-C02-02/CON to perform the experiments.Muñoz-Cobo, JL.; Chiva, S.; Ali Abdelaziz Essa, M.; Mendez, S. (2012). Experiments performed with bubbly flow in vertical pipes at different flow conditions covering the transition region: Simulation by coupling Eulerian, Lagrangian and 3D random walks models. Archives of Thermodynamics. 33(1):3-39. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10173-012-0001-4S33933

Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical and catalytic performance of NiO nanostructures and Ag-NiO nanocomposite

Nanocomposites comprising oxide and metal nanoparticles could significantly boost respective functionalities attributing to their synergistic properties. Present work reports synthesis of NiO and its composite; Ag-NiO nanocomposite. The study highlights electrochemical and catalytic performances of synthesized materials. The X-ray diffraction pattern, X-ray photoelectron spectra, magnetic and morphological study is presented with detailed analysis. Transmission electron microscopy images showed Ag nanoparticles distributed within NiO nanostructures. The cyclic voltammetry results showed specific capacitance of 231 F/g for Ag-NiO nanocomposite; higher than bare NiO (90 F/g) at 5 mV/s scan rate in 1 M KOH electrolyte. Moreover, the Ag-NiO nanocomposite exhibited significant catalytic activity towards methylene blue reduction with rate constant 1.1 × 10−2 s−1. The study covers basic analysis of NiO and Ag-NiO nanocomposite extending towards their functional performance