IN SILICO STUDIES OF THE SECONDARY METABOLITES OF SOLANUM TORVUM SW. FOR THEIR ANTIASTHMATIC ACTIVITY

Objective: Solanum torvum Sw., Family: Solanaceae, commonly known as Turkey Berry is used by the traditional tribes for the treatment of cold, cough, tuberculosis, hepatotoxicity, cancer, etc. The action of the plant towards the treatment of these diseases has been proven except for asthma. The present study is to prove the antiasthmatic activity of methanolic extract and the secondary metabolites of Solanum torvum Sw using in silico docking studies in compare to reference standard Dexamethasone, a synthetic cortisone derivative.Methods: The GC-MS analysis of the dried methanolic extract of the dried fruits of Solanum torvum Sw. and the total saponin fraction has been carried out to know the important moieties that are responsible for the antiasthmatic activity.Results: The results from the docking studies showed that the compounds Cholesta-5,7,9-(11)-trien-3-ol,4,4-dimethyl, (3á); Lanosta-7,9-(11),20-triene-3α, 18-diol, diacetate and Cholestan-26-oic acid,3,7,12,24-tetrakis (acetyloxy), methyl ester, (3à,5á,7à,12à) were found to have significant scores of-6.8,-6.9 and-6.9 respectively towards Glucocorticoid receptor protein (Gr), (PDB id: 4UDC) which is very similar to the affinity of the standard (-7.1). These compounds passed the drug-likeness test. A modification in the structure can be brought, which makes the compounds more potent. The compounds 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester; Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester; 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z), methyl ester; Oxacycloheptadec-8-en-2-one, (8Z) have passed the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) filter of the drug-likeness test.Conclusion: The antiasthmatic activity of the drug may be due to the similarity with the structure of Dexamethasone. Further research can be carried out in order to improve the clinical significance of these extracts and its metabolites

Gaps to Grins: Managing Black Triangles in Restorative Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review

  In recent years, an increasing emphasis on aesthetics has driven heightened demand in the field of restorative dentistry. This demand is closely linked to the interproximal papilla, the gum tissue located between adjacent teeth, which plays a critical role in both esthetics and oral function. Loss of papillary tissue can result from various factors such as periodontal disease, surgical procedures, plaque buildup, improper tooth shape, or spacing between teeth. Maintaining healthy papilla necessitates factors like adequate osseous support, a well-defined gingival scallop, and appropriate contact points. Management approaches include non-surgical methods such as improved hygiene techniques, restorative procedures, and orthodontic interventions, as well as surgical techniques that focus on papilla preservation or reconstruction. However, long-term predictability remains a challenge. This review article delves into the factors influencing papilla presence, the consequences of papillary loss, and the diverse strategies available to address black triangles in restorative dentistry. Recognizing the critical nature of papillary tissue preservation and reconstruction during dental procedures is paramount. By shedding light on these aspects, this article aims to enhance clinicians' and dentists' awareness, ultimately leading to improved clinical decision-making and patient outcomes in terms of esthetics, function, and overall oral health

Evaluation of the Capacitance and Charge Distribution of Metallic Objects by Electrostatic Analysis

552-556This paper presents a numerical analysis for computation of free space capacitance of different arbitrarily shaped conductors like square plate, circular disk and T-shaped plate. Accurate evaluations of electrostatic analysis are essential for spacecraft design techniques to control electrostatic discharge (ESD). Capacitance computation is an important step in the prediction of electrostatic discharge which causes electromagnetic interference (EMI). We specifically illustrated capacitance computation of three electrostatic models. Numerical results on capacitance are presented. The results are compared with other available results in the literature. We used the COMSOL multiphysics software for the simulation. The models are designed in three-dimensional form using electrostatic environment and can be applied to any practical design. The findings of this study show that the finite element method (FEM) is a more accurate method for the computation of electrical capacitance

Analysis and Calculation of the Fluid Flow and the Temperature Field by Finite Element Modeling

This paper presents a fundamental and accurate approach to study numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer inside a channel. In this study, the Finite Element Method is used to analyze the channel, which is divided into small subsections. The small subsections are discretized using higher number of domain elements and the corresponding number of nodes. MATLAB codes are developed to be used in the analysis. Simulation results showed that the analyses of fluid flow and temperature are influenced significantly by the changing entrance velocity. Also, there is an apparent effect on the temperature fields due to the presence of an energy source in the middle of the domain. In this paper, the characteristics of flow analysis and heat analysis in a channel have been investigated

Effect of uranium on third phase formation in the Pu(IV)-HNO<SUB>3</SUB>-TBP-dodecane system

Third phase formation is an important phenomenon which must be taken into account while designing flowsheets for fast reactor fuel reprocessing, since this phenomenon limits the plutonium loadings in the Tri-n-Butyl Phosphate (TBP) phase. In an earlier paper, the limiting organic concentration (LOC) of Pu(IV) above which third phase formation occurs was reported for the Pu(IV)-HNO3-TBP system. In the present work, the effect of uranium on third phase formation in the Pu(IV)-HNO3-30 % TBP-n-dodecane system was studied in detail at different acidities at 303 K. The LOC decreased with organic loading of uranium at all acidities studied

The effect of diluent on third phase formation in thorium nitrate - TBP system: some novel empirical correlations

The limiting organic phase concentration (LOC) above which a third phase forms, in Thorium Nitrate - 30% TBP/Diluent system has been shown to have a good correlation with some parameters which characterise the diluent such as Connectivity Index, Wiener Number and Diluent Parameter. Aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic and halocarbon type diluents have been used in this study. The LOC has also been found to be additive for mixtures of diluents. The results make it possible to predict third phase formation in systems where the diluent composition is known