338 Dezhkam and Dezhkam Indian

Abstract Background and purpose: The effect of Oxytocin on energy metabolism is still question. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exogenous oxytocin injection in different dose and timetable on blood glucose level in rat

Electric Field and Impurity Effects on the Electronic Levels and Optical Properties of Spherical Segment Quantum Dot/Wetting Layer Interacted with Two Laser Fields

Abstract We calculate electronic levels of spherical segment quantum dot on top of wetting layer with and without hydrogenic impurity interacted with external electric field numerically. Results show that as the electric field increases, the three lowest level energies decrease. The binding energy of the ground (first excited) state of the system decreases (increases) as the electric field increases. Then we consider the system influenced by two laser fields and investigate the optical properties of the system at the electric field. As results show, the linear and nonlinear absorptions and dispersions of the probe pulse shift to higher frequencies as the electric field increases. For the certain electric field, the optical properties reduce and shift toward higher frequencies when impurity is added. Finally, the group velocity of the probe pulse in the system is calculated. As the electric field increases, the slow light frequency range transfers to the higher probe frequencies

Exploring Jahrom Medical University students' attitudes towards the Islamic self-evaluation in 2015

Introduction: Self- evaluation is the process of designing, building and maintaining human behaviors that can lead to maturity and perfection. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine Jahrom Medical University students' attitudes towards the Islamic self-assessment in 2015.Method: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out on the students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Using purposive sampling, 223 samples were selected.Collection tool was Islamic self-assessment questionnaire in the form of 20 items based on the Likert scale consisting stipulation, calculating, meditation and expostulation. Data analysis was performed using statistical software SPSS 11 and paired T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation.Results: 223 students participated in this cross-sectional and descriptive study.68.2% were female and the rest were male. Their average age was 2.18 ± 20.4 in the range of 15 to 45 years.28.7 percent of students were medical field and 27.8 percent from the field of Anesthesiology.71.3% were undergraduates. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant correlation between the components of Islamic selfevaluation (stipulation, calculating, meditation, expostulation) and Islamic self-evaluation (P-value <0.05).Conclusion: The students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences are in relatively good condition in terms of the four stages of Islamic self-evaluation.Keywords: Islamic self-evaluation, students, Jahrom University of Medical Science

The Effect of Group Rational Emotive Behavior Restructuring on Mental Health of Parents of Exceptional Children

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of group Rational Emotional Behavioral restructuring on mental health of parents of exceptional children. Pre-Test Post-Test experimental design with control group was used. 60 parents were chosen randomly and divided into experimental and control groups. Munsh Mental Health Self-Evaluation Scale was used. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 90minutes of group Rational Emotional Behavioral restructuring once weekly. The intervention contained teaching REBT basics, rational and irrational beliefs and also their impact on emotions and behavior, group discussions for exploring their beliefs, feelings and behaviors in everyday life in particular toward their exceptional children. The results indicated the group Rational Emotional Behavioral restructuring had a significant effect on increasing the level of mental health parents of exceptional children

Investigating the sequential patterns of methamphetamine use initiation in Iran

BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine (MA) remains one of the most commonly used amphetamine-type stimulants, accounting for the second most widely-used substance after marijuana. Due to increased use of MA, a wide variety of research has focused on the patterns of MA use initiation among adolescents. Nevertheless, there are few data available for people who use MA. The present study set out to assess the sequential patterns of substance use initiation in patients with MA use disorders in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study described substance initiation patterns for 302 patients who used MA admitted to hospitals and psychiatric centers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The study was conducted between April 2015 and June 2016. After obtaining informed consents, participants were interviewed by trained interviewers using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. The collecting data were analyzed using the chi square tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests to compare the relationship between qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. RESULTS: Out of 302 participants enrolled in the study, 16 (5.3%) and 286 (94.7%) were female and male, respectively. The mean age of participants in the study was 37.29 years. The mean age of onset of MA use was found to be 15.9 years. 46.1% of the patients started MA use before 15 years. 77.2% of the patients who used MA had family members with a history of substance use. 93.71% of the patients who used MA started substance use with tobacco, alcohol, or opium, as the most frequent substances. Tobacco, as the first substance or starting substance, exhibited the most widely-used substance (69.53% of the cases). Tobacco-alcohol-cannabis-opium-heroin-MA sequencing was significantly related to the early onset of the substance use. Early-onset substance use was significantly higher in those with lower income, primary education, and family history of substance use. No significant relationship was found between employment status with the age of onset of substance use, and different substance use with marital status. CONCLUSION: Tobacco, alcohol and opium can be considered as the main sequencing substances for initiation to MA use. Standardized measures to decrease and control access to main starting and sequencing substances, including tobacco, alcohol, and opium, can greatly help decrease the early onset of the MA use, develop suitable prevention, and establish early intervention strategies

Gamete and embryo banks, a necessity or a solution

Today some infertile couples who want to have children have request for getting gametes which is a confidential process. According to law, no person must know the identity of the gamete providers (1). Confidentiality of information relating to gamete and embryo donation can cause serious ethical problems. In some countries, forming the Bank of gametes and embryos is intended as a way to prevent privacy problems. The confidentiality of the information may cause several ethical problems that its solution must be looked (2). Therefore we tried to find a new solution for the problem of embryo and gamete Bank which relies on Islamic rules. In this research, different kind of studies was considered such as relevant books, analytic and review articles applied in different congresses especially on 3rd International Congress of Iranian Society for Reproductive Medicine in the panel of ethics (3, 4). Some of the most significant reasons expressed for the importance of clarity of donators' information described below: parentage being known, the principle of law and social rights, rule of truth expression, preventing unawareness incest , permanent anxiety for one of the families (donators or receptionists) etc. Accepting security of gamete donation increases the risk of occurring items mentioned above (2, 5). To fix these problems, two solutions have recommended: 1. Creating a Bank of gametes 2. Avoiding security of gamete donation from the beginning, in the other word the necessity of identifying the two families (the donor and the recipient of gametes) If you create a Bank of gametes, some issues such as incest, is still probable. So before the marriage, those resulted from assisted reproduction, should be introduced to certain centers to guide them not to marry with those who have paternal relationship which is a very important subject in Islam and Muslim nations. In fact according to Islamic rules it is unacceptable even if the probability is very low. In some European countries there is a law that limited the donators not to have more than ten receptionist family (6). So it is better that, children be aware from their biological parents, to be able to deal with this subject conveniently and act wisely. So such people will be avoided being exposed to some realities of their lives which they had not been aware of them until their marriage. The second method emphasizes on recognizing donators and recipients of gametes from the beginning. This will prevent all the probabilities and unwanted effects of security of gamete donation. In most Muslim countries, this solution seems to be more logical because there is not any tolerable reason on the dissimulating the information of two families (the donor and the recipient of gametes). In present statute in most Islamic countries such as Iran, gamete donation is still secured but there is no reason to continue in this method. So to prevent problems mentioned above and to clarify the paternity of people who are produced from this assisted method, it is recommend avoiding security of gamete donation

Infertility Treatments and Determination of Fetus Gender don’t Challenge God’s Justice and Wisdom

Application of modern technology to cure barrenness has arisen challenges in various aspects some of which are ethical, legal and ideological. One of the ideological challenges, inserted in the above topic, has been discussed through this essay. The cause-effect system ruling the universe, helps a lot to determine God’s; the Almighty; Justice and Wisdom in creation. Therefore, the creation of the barren person, in the framework of that system, doesn’t conflict with His Justice and Wisdom. Of course, based on the penal justice, God will compensate these deficiencies by either giving rewards or mitigating the punishment. So, unveiling the creation mysteries-and the infertility of some diseases or the ability to do some affairs such as the selection of fetus gender doesn’t derange the best Divine system ruling the universe. Besides, these Facts prove the existence of such a system because if the relations weren’t established in the system, how could we access to these facts.By understanding the best system and the accurate determining of the ordination ruling it, we conclude that fetus gender selection and modern infertility treatments can’t be judged as the interference in God’s creation and the conflict with God’s Justice; rather the stability of the best system is proved through the occurance of such affairs