Studi Kinerja Rice Transplanter di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut di Kalimantan Selatan

Munawarah R,  Dewi I, Zairin A. 2020.  Study of rice transplanter performance in tidal swamp land at South Kalimantan. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimalke-8 Tahun 2020, Palembang 20 Oktober 2020. pp. xx. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).The process of transplanting farming in Indonesia is still dominated by manual methods. Rice transplanter is a machine designed to transplanting in ideal conditions for the sake of faster, easier and more economical utilization. The purpose of testing is to achieve the performance of the rice transplanter machine in tidal swamp land at Batalas Village, Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan. The method used was experimental in the field with several replications. The parameters tested were the number of filled holes, number of perfectly planted seed, fallen seed, floated seed, sinked seed, effective work capacity, theoretical work capacity, work efficiency and field capacity. The results showed that the number of hole was filled up to 93.25% with 98.38% perfectly planted seeds, 1.33% fallen seeds, 0.29% floated seeds and 0% sinked seeds. The effective work capacity and theoretical work capacity of the machine were 0.11 and 0.19 ha/hour respectively so that it. Resulted the work efficiency of 59.01%. The field capacity of the machine to plant one hectare of rice fields was 9.1 hours. The application of rice transplanter in tidal swamp land was potential by increasing the work efficiency and improving water network system

Studi Ergonomi pada Penyiapan Lahan Sawah Lebak Menggunakan Alat Tradisional Tajak di Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan

Traditional local farmers in South Kalimantan conventionally do the field preparation by using a traditional tool named “tajak”. This typical traditional tool is very appropriate for land preparation in marshland field which is enabling to cultivate without raising the pirit (FeS2) layer. However, it is quite difficult, hard and dangerous to operate tajak, and it's difficult to learn by a novis operator as well. Therefore, ergonomics study will be beneficial to develop more convenient, safe and effective tajak. The result of workload analysis revealed that tajak operation is an “extremey hard” workload, whichs the avarage of IRHR is 2.14. The workload level of tajak operation is indicatively by workload intencity and swing elevation. Regarding the Total energy cost per weight (TEC') and hours of work (JOK), the tajak operation consumes 5.36 kcal/kg.hour and need 61.07 hour/ha in average. Anthropometri and motion study analysed revealed that the dimentional suitability of tajak tool is strongly related to shoulders and waist heightly, arms length, and hands grips diameter. Based on the result of tajak anthropometri and motion analyses, for better design of tajak's handle was recommended 75.70 cm

Studi Ergonomi Pada Penyiapan Lahan Sawah Lebak Menggunakan Alat Tradisional Tajak di Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan

Abstract Traditional local farmers in South Kalimantan conventionally do the field preparation by using a traditional tool named “tajak”. This typical traditional tool is very appropriate for land preparation in marshland field which is enabling to cultivate without raising the pirit (FeS2) layer. However, it is quite difficult, hard and dangerous to operate tajak, and it’s difficult to learn by a novis operator as well. Therefore, ergonomics study will be beneficial to develop more convenient, safe and effective tajak.  The result of workload analysis revealed that tajak operation is an “extremey hard” workload, whichs the avarage of IRHR is 2.14.  The workload level of tajak operation is indicatively by workload intencity and swing elevation.  Regarding the Total energy cost per weight (TEC’) and hours of work (JOK), the tajak operation consumes  5.36 kcal/kg.hour and need 61.07 hour/ha in average.  Anthropometri and motion study analysed revealed that the dimentional suitability of tajak tool is strongly related to shoulders and waist heightly, arms length, and hands grips diameter.  Based on the result of tajak anthropometri and motion analyses, for better design of  tajak’s handle was recommended 75.70 cm. Keywords: tajak, marshland field, ergonomic, work load, motion analysis, anthropometri Abstrak "Tajak" adalah alat yang lazim digunakan untuk penyiapan lahanoleh umumnya petani padi rawa/lebak tradisional di Kalimantan Selatan. Alat ini sangat tepat dan sesuai untuk penyiapan lahan di area sawah lebak (rawa), di mana diperlukan suatu cara pengolahan dan penyiapan lahan yang tidak mengakibatkan naiknya lapisan pirit (FeS2) ke area perakaran tanaman. Cara penggunaan tajak relatif sulit, berat, dan berbahaya, bagi petani yang sudah berpengalaman sekalipun. Terlebih untuk para pemula, pengoperasian tajak sangat sulit dipelajari. Oleh karena itu, studi ergonomi ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat untuk mengembangan desain serta cara penggunaan tajak yang lebih aman, nyaman dan efektif. Hasil analisis beban kerja mengindikasikan bahwa pengoperasian tajak tergolong pekerjaan "luar biasa berat", dengan nilai IRHR rata-rata 2.14. Tingginya tingkat beban kerja (IRHR) tersebut sangat ditentukan oleh dua indikator kerja, yaitu intensitas dan tinggi ayunan tajak. Laju konsusmsi energi kerja tajak adalah 5.36 kkal/jam.kg-bb (kilokalori per jam per berat badan operator), sedangkan rata-rata kebutuhan waktu kerja efektif adalah 61.07 jam/ha. Analisis antropometri dan gerak mengindikasikan bahwa tinggi bahu, tinggi pinggang, panjang lengan dan diameter genggaman tangan merupakan parameter terpenting untuk kesesuaian dimensional tajak terhadap operator penggunanya. Sesuai dengan antropometri petani setempat, panjang tangkai tajak ideal yang direkomendasikan adalah 75.70 cm. Kata kunci: tajak, lahan sawah lebak, ergonomi, beban kerja, analisis gerak, antropometri Diterima; 08 April 2011 ; Disetujui: 09 Agustus 2011  

Studi Ergonomi pada Penyiapan Lahan Sawah Lebak Menggunakan Alat Tradisional Tajak di Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan

Traditional local farmers in South Kalimantan conventionally do the field preparation by using a traditional tool named tajak. This typical traditional tool is very appropriate for land preparation in marshland field which is enabling to cultivate without raising the pirit (FeS2) layer. However, it is quite difficult, hard and dangerous to operate tajak, and its difficult to learn by a novis operator as well. Therefore, ergonomics study will be beneficial to develop more convenient, safe and effective tajak. The result of workload analysis revealed that tajak operation is an extremey hard workload, whichs the avarage of IRHR is 2.14. The workload level of tajak operation is indicatively by workload intencity and swing elevation. Regarding the Total energy cost per weight (TEC) and hours of work (JOK), the tajak operation consumes 5.36 kcal/kg.hour and need 61.07 hour/ha in average. Anthropometri and motion study analysed revealed that the dimentional suitability of tajak tool is strongly related to shoulders and waist heightly, arms length, and hands grips diameter. Based on the result of tajak anthropometri and motion analyses, for better design of tajaks handle was recommended 75.70 cm. Keywords: tajak, marshland field, ergonomic, work load, motion analysis, anthropometri Abstrak "Tajak" adalah alat yang lazim digunakan untuk penyiapan lahanoleh umumnya petani padi rawa/lebak tradisional di Kalimantan Selatan. Alat ini sangat tepat dan sesuai untuk penyiapan lahan di area sawah lebak (rawa), di mana diperlukan suatu cara pengolahan dan penyiapan lahan yang tidak mengakibatkan naiknya lapisan pirit (FeS2) ke area perakaran tanaman. Cara penggunaan tajak relatif sulit, berat, dan berbahaya, bagi petani yang sudah berpengalaman sekalipun. Terlebih untuk para pemula, pengoperasian tajak sangat sulit dipelajari. Oleh karena itu, studi ergonomi ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat untuk mengembangan desain serta cara penggunaan tajak yang lebih aman, nyaman dan efektif. Hasil analisis beban kerja mengindikasikan bahwa pengoperasian tajak tergolong pekerjaan "luar biasa berat", dengan nilai IRHR rata-rata 2.14. Tingginya tingkat beban kerja (IRHR) tersebut sangat ditentukan oleh dua indikator kerja, yaitu intensitas dan tinggi ayunan tajak. Laju konsusmsi energi kerja tajak adalah 5.36 kkal/jam.kg-bb (kilokalori per jam per berat badan operator), sedangkan rata-rata kebutuhan waktu kerja efektif adalah 61.07 jam/ha. Analisis antropometri dan gerak mengindikasikan bahwa tinggi bahu, tinggi pinggang, panjang lengan dan diameter genggaman tangan merupakan parameter terpenting untuk kesesuaian dimensional tajak terhadap operator penggunanya. Sesuai dengan antropometri petani setempat, panjang tangkai tajak ideal yang direkomendasikan adalah 75.70 cm. Kata kunci: tajak, lahan sawah lebak, ergonomi, beban kerja, analisis gerak, antropometri Diterima; 08 April 2011 ; Disetujui: 09 Agustus 201