Resolução de problemas: uma abordagem a partir de projetos interdisciplinares

O presente estudo é decorrência da pesquisa realizada com base em uma intervenção pedagógica desenvolvida com alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio politécnico de uma escola da 3ª Coordenadoria Regional de Educação do Vale do Taquari - RS/Brasil. Ao longo dos encontros buscou-se compreender “Qual a influência de projetos interdisciplinares na resolução e formulação de problemas matemáticos?”. O objetivo central desta pesquisa foi analisar e explorar a formulação e a resolução de problemas matemáticos a partir de projetos interdisciplinares. O referencial teórico segue pressupostos que se apoiam nas ideias de Dante (2010), Polya (1978) e Smolle e Diniz (2001), que discorrem sobre a resolução de problemas. Além destes, foram contempladas as ideias de Fazenda (1994) e Cascino (2000), autores que enfatizam a interdisciplinaridade presente nas aulas para a elaboração da intervenção pedagógica. A metodologia utilizada para atingir os objetivos deste estudo foi de caráter qualitativo. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de diário de campo, dos projetos de pesquisa dos estudantes, de um questionário inicial e final e de filmagens dos treze encontros realizados com os sujeitos da intervenção. Nestes encontros exploramos a formulação e a resolução de problemas, a matemática existente nos temas de pesquisa de cada aluno, a resolução dos problemas formulados pelos mesmos e a socialização das atividades. Fundamentados nas respostas e nos relatos dos alunos envolvidos na pesquisa, foi possível averiguar que a resolução de problemas pode ser explorada através de projetos e de temas interdisciplinares. Os resultados que emergiram através da pesquisa realizada foram analisados, sendo possível verificar que as atividades propostas na intervenção pedagógica contribuíram para a produção de novos conhecimentos. Os alunos se aproximaram da matemática presente em sua realidade a partir de momentos de reflexão e diálogo.This study is the result of a research conducted by an educational intervention developed with students of the 3rd year of a polytechnic high school of the 3rd Regional Coordination of Education of Vale do Taquari – RS/Brazil. Throughout the meetings, we aimed to understand “What is the influence of interdisciplinary projects in the resolution and formulation of mathematical problems?”. The main aim of this research was to analyze and explore the formulation and solving mathematical problems from interdisciplinary projects. The theoretical reference follows assumptions which are based on Dante’s (2010), Polya’s (1978) and Smolle and Diniz’ (2001) ideas, who talk about problem solving. In addition, we considered Fazenda’s (1994) and Cascino’s (2000) ideas, the authors who emphasize the interdisciplinarity in class for the development of pedagogical intervention. The methodology used to achieve the aims of this study was qualitative. The data survey was obtained from a field diary, from the students’ search projects, an initial and a final questionnaire and from shoots of the thirteen meetings with the subjects of the intervention. In those meetings, the formulation and resolution of problems, the mathematic issue present in each student’s search, the resolution of problems formulated by them and the activities socialization were explored. Based on answers and reports of the students involved in the research, it was possible to verify that the problem solving can be explored through projects and interdisciplinary topics. The results that came from the survey were analyzed, and it was possible to verify that the activities proposed in the pedagogical intervention contributed to the production of new knowledge. Students approached mathematics present in their daily lives through moments of reflection and dialogue

O papel dos media na expansão do medo nos casos de school shootings no Brasil

O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo compreender qual a influéncia dos media na expansão da cultura do medo ao noticiar casos de school shootings, dando especial atenção ao Massacre de Suzano, ocorrido no dia 13 de março de 2019, em São Paulo/Brasil. Para tanto, foram realizadas análise de conteúdo em 23 reportagens do Jornal Folha de São Paulo, publicadas entre os dias 14 e 20 de março de 2019 e análise descritiva simples em inquérito por questionário, respondido por 85 professores/as de diversas partes do Brasil sobre o impacto causado pelo Massacre de Suzano em suas vidas pessoais e profissionais.N/

Chemotherapy of Chagas' disease: state of the art and perspectives for the development of new drugs

Neglected diseases are a major global cause of illness, long-term disability and death. Chagas' disease is a parasitic infection widely distributed throughout Latin America, with devastating consequences in terms of human morbidity and mortality. The existing drug therapy suffers from a combination of drawbacks including poor efficacy, resistance and serious side effects. In 2009, we celebrate the 100th anniversary of the discovery of Chagas' disease, facing the challenges of developing new, safe and effective drugs for the treatment of this disease. This brief review attempts to highlight the state of the art, limitations and perspectives of Chagas' disease drug development.WHO World Health Organization - Organização Mundial de SaúdeFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationships of potent noncovalent and nonpeptidic cruzain Inhibitors as anti-trypanosoma cruzi agents

The development of cruzain inhibitors has been driven by the urgent need to develop novel and more effective drugs for the treatment of Chagas' disease. Herein, we report the lead optimization of a class of noncovalent cruzain inhibitors, starting from an inhibitor previously cocrystallized with the enzyme (K-i = 0.8 mu M). With the goal of achieving a better understanding of the structure-activity relationships, we have synthesized and evaluated a series of over 40 analogues, leading to the development of a very promising competitive inhibitor (8r, IC50 = 200 nM, K-i = 82 nM). Investigation of the in vitro trypanocidal activity and preliminary cytotoxicity revealed the potential of the most potent cruzain inhibitors in guiding further medicinal chemistry efforts to develop drug candidates for Chagas' disease57623802392CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informação2013/07600-3; 2012/02230-0; 2010/16778-

Alternativas de ensino na disciplina de parasitologia veterinária da Unijuí/RS

Para a formação de profissionais diferenciados e capacitados, é fundamental que no processo de construção do conhecimento, haja mediação e interação entre aluno e professor, com desenvolvimento de atividades que relacionem o conhecimento teórico e prático. Algumas falhas têm sido constatadas no que diz respeito à promoção da criatividade nos distintos níveis de ensino nas universidades. Desta forma, buscou-se aflorar a discussão sobre ferramentas didático-pedagógicas capazes de aprimorar o desejo de aprender e ensinar por docentes e discentes de medicina veterinária, na disciplina de Parasitologia Veterinária. No primeiro semestre do ano de 2018, foi proposto pela professora titular da disciplina “Parasitologia Veterinária” da Unijuí, que cada grupo de alunos confeccionasse material didático-pedagógico inovador como parte do processo avaliativo do componente. Os temas propostos foram: endoparasitas de cão e gato; ectoparasitas de cão e gato; endoparasitas de equinos; ectoparasitas de equinos; endoparasitas de ruminantes; ectoparasitas de ruminantes. Os materiais confeccionados foram expostos em seminário dentro de sala de aula, o qual contou com banca avaliadora. Conclui-se que a confecção de materiais didático-pedagógicos sobre os parasitas foi positiva, fornecendo aos alunos a construção do conhecimento de formas variadas, participando de todas as fases do processo e trabalhando com suas habilidades artísticas em equipe, além da estimulação da criatividade em transformar o conhecimento teórico em prático

Neglected tropical diseases: a new era of challenges and opportunities

In an article recently published in Química Nova, entitled Chemistry Without Borders (Química Sem Fronteiras) [Pinto, A. C.; Zucco, C.; Galembeck, F.; Andrade, J. B.; Vieira, P. C. Quim. Nova 2012, 35, 2092], the authors highlighted the important aspects of science and technology with special emphasis on the field of Chemistry and its contributions toward a more prosperous Brazil of future. As a second step in that direction, this article extends the discussion of a key issue for the country in the framework of the chemistry community through the so called position papers in strategic areas. This document is a part of the contribution of the Brazilian Chemical Society to the World Science Forum to be held in Rio de Janeiro in November 2013. In this context, the present paper provides a brief discussion on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with emphasis on the current challenges and opportunities towards the development and evolution of the field. NTDs leads to illness, long-term disability or death, and has severe social, economic and psychological consequences for millions of men, women, and children worldwide. In most cases, the available treatments are inadequate and extremely limited in terms of efficacy and safety, leading to an urgent demand for new drugs. In addition to the traditional challenges involved in any drug discovery process, it is widely recognized that there is an innovation gap and a lack of investment for research and development (R&D) in the area of NTDs. In the last few decades, methods toward combating, eradication, prevention, and treatment of NTDs have been repeatedly emphasized in the major international agendas. Developments in these strategies and alliances have continued to have an essential impact, particularly in the area of drug discovery, both in Brazil and globally and should be encouraged and supported. Several examples of international activities dedicated to the reduction of the devastating global impact of NTDs can be provided. Despite the beneficial developments in the past 30 years, NTDs continue to devastate poor communities in remote and vulnerable areas, in large part, due to market failures and public policies. Recent studies have shown that among 756 new drugs approved between 2000 and 2011, only four new chemical entities (NCEs) were identified for the treatment of malaria, while none were developed against NTDs or tuberculosis. Furthermore, only 1.4% of approximately 150,000 clinical trials were registered for neglected diseases, with a smaller number of trials for NCEs. Establishment and strengthening of global strategies involving the triad government-academia-industry is fundamental to the success in R&D of new drugs for NTDs. National and international public-private initiatives that aim to create, encourage, and invest in R&D projects have been implemented and therefore are of utmost importance to successfully integrate Brazil into this new paradigm. It is essential to lay the foundation for mechanisms that will intensify investments in infrastructure, training, and qualification of personnel with an ultimate strategic vision that foresees continuity. Our research group has made significant contributions to the development of this field with the goal of forging new frontiers while tackling both current and future challenges that include indispensable elements such as innovation and integration.15521556Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Neglected tropical diseases: a new era of challenges and opportunities

In an article recently published in Química Nova, entitled “Chemistry Without Borders” (“Química Sem Fronteiras”) [Pinto, A. C.; Zucco, C.; Galembeck, F.; Andrade, J. B.; Vieira, P. C. Quim. Nova 2012, 35, 2092], the authors highlighted the important aspects of science and technology with special emphasis on the field of Chemistry and its contributions toward a more prosperous Brazil of future. As a second step in that direction, this article extends the discussion of a key issue for the country in the framework of the chemistry community through the so called position papers in strategic areas. This document is a part of the contribution of the Brazilian Chemical Society to the World Science Forum to be held in Rio de Janeiro in November 2013. In this context, the present paper provides a brief discussion on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with emphasis on the current challenges and opportunities towards the development and evolution of the field. NTDs leads to illness, long-term disability or death, and has severe social, economic and psychological consequences for millions of men, women, and children worldwide. In most cases, the available treatments are inadequate and extremely limited in terms of efficacy and safety, leading to an urgent demand for new drugs. In addition to the traditional challenges involved in any drug discovery process, it is widely recognized that there is an innovation gap and a lack of investment for research and development (R&D) in the area of NTDs. In the last few decades, methods toward combating, eradication, prevention, and treatment of NTDs have been repeatedly emphasized in the major international agendas. Developments in these strategies and alliances have continued to have an essential impact, particularly in the area of drug discovery, both in Brazil and globally and should be encouraged and supported. Several examples of international activities dedicated to the reduction of the devastating global impact of NTDs can be provided. Despite the beneficial developments in the past 30 years, NTDs continue to devastate poor communities in remote and vulnerable areas, in large part, due to market failures and public policies. Recent studies have shown that among 756 new drugs approved between 2000 and 2011, only four new chemical entities (NCEs) were identified for the treatment of malaria, while none were developed against NTDs or tuberculosis. Furthermore, only 1.4% of approximately 150,000 clinical trials were registered for neglected diseases, with a smaller number of trials for NCEs. Establishment and strengthening of global strategies involving the triad “government–academia–industry” is fundamental to the success in R&D of new drugs for NTDs. National and international public–private initiatives that aim to create, encourage, and invest in R&D projects have been implemented and therefore are of utmost importance to successfully integrate Brazil into this new paradigm. It is essential to lay the foundation for mechanisms that will intensify investments in infrastructure, training, and qualification of personnel with an ultimate strategic vision that foresees continuity. Our research group has made significant contributions to the development of this field with the goal of forging new frontiers while tackling both current and future challenges that include indispensable elements such as innovation and integration.FAPESPCNPqCAPESWHODrugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi)Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV

Synthetic analogue of the natural product piperlongumine as a potent inhibitor of breast cancer cell line migration

FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORPiperlongumine is a natural amide alkaloid isolated from several species of Piper and is described in the literature as selectively cytotoxic to several cancer cell lines. Inhibiting cell migration has gained considerable interest as an approach for disco283475484FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR2013/07600-32003/02176-72010/52327-52010/17329-72010/06741-42007/56140-4SEM INFORMAÇÃOSEM INFORMAÇÃOThis work was supported by the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo), grant No. 2013/07600-3; Biota-FAPESP, grant No. 2003/02176-7; SISBIOTA-CNPq-FAPESP, grant No. 2010/52327-5; Coordenação

Chemotherapy of Chagas' disease: state of the art and perspectives for the development of new drugs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Neglected diseases are a major global cause of illness, long-term disability and death. Chagas' disease is a parasitic infection widely distributed throughout Latin America, with devastating consequences in terms of human morbidity and mortality. The existing drug therapy suffers from a combination of drawbacks including poor efficacy, resistance and serious side effects. In 2009, we celebrate the 100th anniversary of the discovery of Chagas' disease, facing the challenges of developing new, safe and effective drugs for the treatment of this disease. This brief review attempts to highlight the state of the art, limitations and perspectives of Chagas' disease drug development.32924442457WHO World Health Organization - Organização Mundial de SaúdeFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)CNPq_BrasilFAPESP_BrasilWH